Front matter -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Contents -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Animal and In Vitro Toxicity Testing -- 3 Human Data -- 4 Strategies for Toxicity Testing -- 5 Use of Data in Human Health Risk Assessment -- 6 New Approaches -- 7 Alternative Approaches and Emerging Technologies -- Appendix A Biographic Information on the Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents -- Appendix B Testing Protocols.