Research Needs for Human Factors -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- Contents -- 1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW -- HUMAN DECISION MAKING -- ELICITING EXPERT JUDGMENT -- SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEMS -- USER-COMPUTER INTERACTION -- POPULATION GROUP DIFFERENCES -- APPLIED METHODS -- CONCLUSION -- 2 HUMAN DECISION MAKING -- BACKGROUND -- RESEARCH ON DECISION MAKING -- Decision Structuring -- Measuring Preferences -- Evaluation -- Improving Realism -- Aiding Diffuse Decisions -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 3 ELICITING INFORMATION FROM EXPERTS -- BACKGROUND -- RESEARCH ON ELICITATION -- Ensuring a Common Frame of Reference -- Matching Questions to Mental Structures -- Clarifying Information Quality -- Eliciting Systems -- Estimating Numerical Quantities -- Detecting Reporting Bias -- Reporting Past Events -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 4 SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEMS -- SUPERVISORY CONTROL IN DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS -- Process Control -- Vehicle Control -- Manipulators and Discrete Parts Handling -- THEORY AND METHOD -- Modeling Supervisory Control -- Display and Command -- Computer Knowledge-Based Systems and the Operator's Internal Cognitive Model -- Human-Machine Control -- Cognitive Science -- Mental Workload -- Human-Machine Control (This section is adapted from Sheridan and Young, 1982). -- Cognitive Science -- Human Proficiency and Error: Culpability, Trust, and Ultimate Authority -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 USER-COMPUTER INTERACTION -- INTRODUCTION -- THE COMPUTER SYSTEM -- USERS AND TASKS -- Users -- Tasks -- COMPUTER HARDWARE -- Input Devices -- Output Devices -- CRT Displays -- Alternatives to CRT Displays -- Workplace Design -- General Problems -- COMPUTER SOFTWARE -- DOCUMENTATION -- Documentation as Part of an Overall System -- Computer-Based Versus Print-on-Paper Documentation.

Capturing the Intent of the Creators of the System -- Dynamic Graphics and Documentation -- Documentation in the Form of Knowledge Bases -- Computer Systems to Facilitate Conventional Documentation -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 6 POPULATION GROUP DIFFERENCES -- THE IMPACT OF FEDERAL ANTIDISCRIMINATION LEGISLATION -- SEX AND JOB PERFORMANCE -- AGE AND JOB PERFORMANCE -- INTERACTIONS AMONG VARIABLES -- NATIONAL AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES -- INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND TRAINING -- BARRIERS TO SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESEARCH ON POPULATION GROUP DIFFERENCES -- REFERENCES -- 7 APPLIED METHODS IN HUMAN FACTORS -- DOCUMENTATION OF APPLIED METHODS -- SURVEY OF HUMAN FACTORS SPECIALISTS ON APPLIED METHODS -- EDUCATION IN APPLIED METHODS -- Education in Colleges and Universities -- Continuing Education in Applied Methods -- RESEARCH ON APPLIED METHODS -- Improvement and Extension of Existing Applied Methods -- Development of New Applied Methods -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX SHORT DEFINITIONS OF APPLIED METHODS RECOMMENDED AS SUBJECTS FOR TUTORIAL -- TASK ANALYSIS -- SIMULATION -- TIME LINE ANALYSIS -- INFORMATION ANALYSIS -- ACTIVITY ANALYSIS.