Cover image for Primes of the Form x2+ny2 : Fermat, Class Field Theory, and Complex Multiplication.
Primes of the Form x2+ny2 : Fermat, Class Field Theory, and Complex Multiplication.
Title:
Primes of the Form x2+ny2 : Fermat, Class Field Theory, and Complex Multiplication.
Author:
Cox, David A.
ISBN:
9781118400753
Personal Author:
Edition:
2nd ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (378 pages)
Series:
Pure and Applied Mathematics: A Wiley Series of Texts, Monographs and Tracts ; v.117

Pure and Applied Mathematics: A Wiley Series of Texts, Monographs and Tracts
Contents:
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface to the First Edition -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Notation -- Introduction -- Chapter One: From Fermat to Gauss -- 1. Fermat, Euler and Quadratic Reciprocity -- A. Fermat -- B. Euler -- C. P = x2 + ny2 and Quadratic Reciprocity -- D. Beyond Quadratic Reciprocity -- E. Exercises -- 2. Lagrange, Legendre and Quadratic Forms -- A. Quadratic Forms -- B. P = x2 + ny2 and Quadratic Forms -- C. Elementary Genus Theory -- D. Lagrange and Legendre -- E. Exercises -- 3. Gauss, Composition and Genera -- A. Composition and the Class Group -- B. Genus Theory -- C. P = x2 + ny2 and Euler's Convenient Numbers -- D. Disquisitiones Arithmeticae -- E. Exercises -- 4. Cubic and Biquadratic Reciprocity -- A. Z[w] and Cubic Reciprocity -- B. Z[i] and Biquadratic Reciprocity -- C. Gauss and Higher Reciprocity -- D. Exercises -- Chapter Two: Class Field Theory -- 5. The Hilbert Class Field and P = x2 + ny2 -- A. Number Fields -- B. Quadratic Fields -- C. The Hilbert Class Field -- D. Solution of P = x2 + ny2 for Infinitely Many n -- E. Exercises -- 6. The Hilbert Class Field and Genus Theory -- A. Genus Theory for Field Discriminants -- B. Applications to the Hilbert Class Field -- 7. Orders in Imaginary Quadratic Fields -- A. Orders in Quadratic Fields -- B. Orders and Quadratic Forms -- C. Ideals Prime to the Conductor -- D. The Class Number -- E. Exercises -- 8. Class Field Theory and the Cebotarev Density Theorem -- A. The Theorems of Class Field Theory -- B. The Čebotarev Density Theorem -- C. Norms and Ideles -- D. Exercises -- 9. Ring Class Fields and p = x2 + ny2 -- A. Solution of p = x2 + ny2 for All n -- B. The Ring Class Fields of Z[√-27] and Z[√-64].

C. Primes Represented by Positive Definite Quadratic Forms -- D. Ring Class Fields and Generalized Dihedral Extensions -- E. Exercises -- Chapter Three: Complex Multiplication -- 10. Elliptic Functions and Complex Multiplication -- A. Elliptic Functions and the Weierstrass r-function -- B. The J-invariant of a Lattice -- C. Complex Multiplication -- D. Exercises -- 11. Modular Functions and Ring Class Fields -- A. The J-function -- B. Modular Functions for Γo(m) -- C. The Modular Equation Φm(x, y) -- D. Complex Multiplication and Ring Class Fields -- E. Exercises -- 12. Modular Functions and Singular J-invariants -- A. The Cube Root of the J-function -- B. The Weber Functions -- C. J-invariants of Orders of Class Number 1 -- D. Weber's Computation of J (√-14) -- E. Imaginary Quadratic Fields of Class Number 1 -- F. Exercises -- 13. The Class Equation -- A. Computing the Class Equation -- B. Computing the Modular Equation -- C. Theorems of Deuring, Gross and Zagier -- D. Exercises -- Chapter Four: Additional Topics -- 14. Elliptic Curves -- A. Elliptic Curves and Weierstrass Equations -- B. Complex Multiplication and Elliptic Curves -- C. Elliptic Curves over Finite Fields -- D. Elliptic Curve Primality Tests -- E. Exercises -- 15. Shimura Reciprocity -- A. Modular Functions and Shimura Reciprocity -- B. Extended Ring Class Fields -- C. Shimura Reciprocity for Extended Ring Class Fields -- D. Shimura Reciprocity for Ring Class Fields -- E. The Idelic Approach -- F. Exercises -- References -- Additional References -- A. References Added to the Text -- B. Further Reading for Chapter One -- C. Further Reading for Chapter Two -- D. Further Reading for Chapter Three -- E. Further Reading for Chapter Four -- Index.
Abstract:
An exciting approach to the history and mathematics of number theory ". . . the author's style is totally lucid and very easy to read . . .the result is indeed a wonderful story." -Mathematical Reviews Written in a unique and accessible style for readers of varied mathematical backgrounds, the Second Edition of Primes of the Form p = x2+ ny2 details the history behind how Pierre de Fermat's work ultimately gave birth to quadratic reciprocity and the genus theory of quadratic forms. The book also illustrates how results of Euler and Gauss can be fully understood only in the context of class field theory, and in addition, explores a selection of the magnificent formulas of complex multiplication. Primes of the Form p = x2 + ny2, Second Edition focuses on addressing the question of when a prime p is of the form x2 + ny2, which serves as the basis for further discussion of various mathematical topics. This updated edition has several new notable features, including: A well-motivated introduction to the classical formulation of class field theory Illustrations of explicit numerical examples to demonstrate the power of basic theorems in various situations An elementary treatment of quadratic forms and genus theory Simultaneous treatment of elementary and advanced aspects of number theory New coverage of the Shimura reciprocity law and a selection of recent work in an updated bibliography Primes of the Form p = x2 + ny2, Second Edition is both a useful reference for number theory theorists and an excellent text for undergraduate and graduate-level courses in number and Galois theory.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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