Cover -- Half-title -- Series-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- OSCAR SCHACHTER -- Preface and acknowledgments -- List of treaties -- Nuclear field -- Air space and outer space -- Maritime area -- Polar regions -- International transportation -- Chemical and other toxic and hazardous substances -- International waters -- Others -- List of cases -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- The scope of the subject: the definition of transboundary damage -- The physical relationship between the activity and the damage -- The requirement of human causality -- The threshold criterion -- The transboundary movement of harmful effects -- Three perspectives -- Accidental damage -- Non-accidental damage -- Damage to the global commons -- PART I ACCIDENTAL DAMAGE -- 2 Liability for accidental damage -- The factual context -- Nuclear activities -- Space activities -- Maritime oil transportation -- Other hazardous substances -- The existing legal regimes on accidental damage -- The nuclear regime -- The objectives -- The party liable -- The extent of liability -- Financial guarantees -- The exoneration of liability -- Procedural rules -- The outer space regime -- The objectives -- The party liable -- The extent of liability -- Financial guarantees -- The exoneration of liability -- Procedural rules -- The regime for maritime accidents -- The objectives -- The party liable -- The extent of liability -- Financial guarantees -- The exoneration of liability -- Procedural rules -- The regime for accidents caused by hazardous substances -- The objectives -- The party liable -- The extent of liability -- Financial guarantees -- The exoneration of liability -- Procedural rules -- Other relevant instruments -- 3 Substantive rules and principles: issues and problems -- The question of attribution: State responsibility.

Liability and insurance: the issue of channeling -- Recoverable damage -- Loss of life and personal injury -- Property damage -- The costs of preventive measures, response, and reinstatement -- Procedural aspects and problems -- Treaty provisions and general rules -- The principles of non-discrimination -- PART II NON-ACCIDENTAL DAMAGE -- 4 Liability for non-accidental damage -- The factual setting -- Air pollution -- Pollution of water resources -- Damage caused by land use -- The doctrine of sovereignty and balance of interests -- The national domain and the concept of shared resources -- The balancing of interests -- The criterion of harm -- 5 The doctrine of due diligence and standards of conduct -- The doctrine of due diligence -- The procedural duties -- The duty of assessment of harm -- The duty of notification and the right to be notified -- The duty of consultation and negotiation -- Procedural duties and substantive rights and obligations -- Legal issues relating to non-accidental damage -- Proof of actual injury and evidence of causation -- Remedies -- Restitution (restitutio ad integrum) -- Compensation -- PART III DAMAGE TO THE GLOBAL COMMONS -- 6 Liability for damage to the global commons -- The concept and the context -- The high seas -- Outer space -- The atmosphere -- The polar regions -- The existing legal regimes for the global commons -- Prohibiting certain harmful activities in the common areas -- General rules of State responsibility for damage to the global commons -- Protection of the ocean -- Outer space law -- Protection of the atmosphere -- The Antarctic regime -- Private international rules of liability for certain types of harmful activities in the commons -- 7 Legal issues relating to damage to the global commons -- Erga omnes obligations and the question of standing -- The element of harm -- Environmental damage.

Prevention and mitigation costs -- Clean-up and remedial measures -- Punitive damages -- Limitation of liability -- State liability -- Institutional and financial mechanisms -- PART IV UNDERLYING PRINCIPLES -- 8 The nature and basis of international liability -- The character of the rules governing transboundary liability -- Normativity -- Equity -- Efficiency -- The basis of international liability -- The notion of fault -- Strict liability and liability for risk on the international plane -- The basis of State responsibility and liability in the present context -- 9 Conclusions -- An appraisal -- The principle of prevention -- The polluter pays principle -- The principle of common but differentiated responsibilities -- The principle of sustainable development -- The prospects -- Bibliography -- Articles -- Books and official documents -- Index.