Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. The importance of fillers to the study of syntax -- 2. The importance of fillers to the study of human interaction -- 3. The contributions of the essays -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Parameters for typological variation of placeholders -- 1. Where do placeholders come from - pronouns or 'thing'-nouns? -- 2. Morphology - only nominal or not only nominal? -- 3. Morphology of verbal placeholders - how are verbal affixes attached? -- 4. Do placeholders show idiosyncratic morphosyntax? -- 5. To what extent does a placeholder mirror the grammatical marking of the delayed constituent, if at all? -- 6. Does the use of placeholders involve the repetition of preceding material? -- 7. Other possible functions of placeholders: Hesitation markers, approximators or generic words? -- 8. Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Abbreviations -- A cross-linguistic exploration of demonstratives in interaction -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Three types of usage of demonstratives in the context of word-formulation trouble -- 2.1 The placeholder use -- 2.2 The interjective hesitator use -- 3. Discussion -- 3.1 Demonstratives as resources for organizing speaker-hearer interaction during word search -- 3.2 Implications for typological classification of demonstrative uses -- 3.3 Pragmaticization of hesitator demonstratives -- 4. Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Appendix -- 1 Transcript symbols -- 2 Abbreviations used in the interlinear gloss -- 3 Double parentheses in the translation lines -- Placeholder verbs in Modern Georgian -- 1. Filler items: Introduction -- 2. Form and use of Georgian placeholder verbs -- 3. The element imas- in the placeholder verbs -- 4. Doubly given agreement marker.

5. Future work -- 6. Summary -- References -- Appendix A -- Some examples of Georgian placeholder verbs -- Abbreviations -- From interrogatives to placeholders in Udi and Agul spontaneous narratives -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nominal placeholders -- 2.1 Semantic specification -- 2.2 Syntactic status of nominal placeholders -- 3. Verbal placeholders -- 3.1 Verbal placeholders in Udi -- 3.2 Verbal placeholders in Agul -- 3.3 Verbal placeholders and complex verbs -- 4. From placeholders to the similative construction -- 5. Conclusion and further research -- References -- Abbreviations -- Fillers and placeholders in Nahavaq -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Syntactically-determined fillers -- 2.1 Nominal fillers -- 2.2 Verbal fillers -- 2.3 Person fillers -- 2.4 Location fillers -- 3. Placeholders -- 4. Prosody -- 5. Summary -- References -- Appendix -- Abbreviations used in interlinear glosses -- The interactional profile of a placeholder -- 1. Introduction -- 2. See as a placeholder -- 3. Recognizability and delay -- 3.1 Quantitative arguments for delay vs recognizability -- 3.2 Qualitative arguments for delay: Word search, error avoidance, number and case mismatch -- 4. The interactional affordances of the placeholder see -- 4.1 Searching for the projected noun -- 4.2 Achieving progressivity -- 4.3 Delaying for the interlocutor -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Transcription and glossing convention -- Fillers and their relevance in describing Sliammon Salish -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General characteristics of Sliammon -- 3. Sliammon fillers -- 3.1 Form and distribution -- 3.2 The source of the filler -- 4. Identifying clitics -- 4.1 Enclitics and 'mobile' clitics -- 4.2 Proclitics -- 5. Final remarks -- 6. References -- Symbols and abbreviations used -- Pauses, fillers, placeholders and formulaicity in Alzheimer's discourse.

1. Background and rationale for study -- 2. Pauses -- 2.1 Pauses: Highlight of research trends since mid-twentieth century -- 2.2 Pauses as planning beyond the word -- 3. Source of data: Digital corpora -- 4. Analysis -- 5. Interjections, fillers, and placeholders in Alzheimer's talk -- 5.1 Use of interjections, fillers and placeholders -- 5.2 Changes in pause patterns: Changes in function -- 5.2.1 Analysis of GM -- 5.2.2 Analysis of JR -- 5.2.3 Analysis of MB -- 6. Final comments -- 7. Acknowledgments -- A related article by the authors appeared in 2009 -- References -- Transcript conventions -- Appendix -- Abbreviation -- Language index -- Name index -- Subject index -- The series Typological Studies in Language.