Cover -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1. General Concepts -- 1.1 Definition of Environment -- 1.2 Elements of Environment -- 1.3 Natural Cycle -- 1.4 Pollution and Pollutants -- 1.5 Man-Nature Interaction -- 1.6 Natural and Man-made Changes in Environment and Disasters -- 1.7 Need of Environmental Education -- Chapter 2. Ecology and Ecosystem -- 2.1 Definition -- 2.1.1 Forest Ecology -- 2.1.2 Forest Conservation -- 2.1.3 Biodiversity -- 2.1.4 Sustainable Ecosystem -- 2.2 Energy Path -- 2.3 Energy Flow/Energy Budget -- 2.4 Energy Budget -- 2.5 Trophic Levels -- 2.6 Food Chain and Food Web -- Chapter 3. Population and Environment -- 3.1 Human Population and Distribution -- 3.2 Population Density -- 3.3 Age Distructure -- 3.4 Infant Mortality/Life Expectancy -- 3.5 Carrying Capacity -- 3.6 Population Growth Pattern (Indian Context) -- 3.7 Urbanisation -- 3.8 Impact of Population Pressure on India's Environment Food and Natural Resources -- 3.9 Women and Environment -- 3.10 Human Development -- Chapter 4. Air Pollution -- 4.1 Air Pollutants -- 4.2 Primary Pollutants -- 4.2.1 Carbon Monoxide, CO -- 4.2.2 Nitrogen Oxides, NOx -- 4.2.3 Hydrocarbons and Photochemical Smog -- 4.2.4 Sulphur Dioxide, SO2 -- 4.2.5 Particulate -- 4.3 Greenhouse Effect (Global Warming) -- 4.4 Ozone Hole -- 4.5 EL Nino -- 4.6 Air Pollution and Biosphere -- 4.7 Air Quality Standards -- 4.8 Monitoring Methods for Air Pollutants -- Chapter 5. Water Pollution -- 5.1 Water Resources and Water Uses -- 5.2 Water Pollutants -- 5.3 Ground Water Pollution/Arsenic Contamination -- 5.4 Case Study of Ganga Pollution -- 5.5 Waste Water Treatment -- 5.6 Domestic Waste Water Treatment -- 5.7 Drinking Water Supply -- 5.8 Industrial Waste Water Treatment -- 5.9 Water Quality Standards -- 5.10 Sampling -- 5.11 Preservation -- 5.12 Monitoring Methods for Water Samples.

5.13 Water Pollution Control and Water Management-Water Recycling -- Chapter 6. Soli Pollution -- 6.1 Soil Pollution -- 6.2 Control of Soil Pollution -- 6.3 Waste Treatment -- 6.3.1 Waste Classification and Disposal -- 6.3.2 Solid Waste Disposal -- 6.3.3 Detoxification of Toxic Wastes -- 6.3.4 Land and Ocean Disposal -- 6.3.5 Non-Hazardous Waste Management -- 6.4 Ocean Dumping -- 6.5 Solid State Management by Biotechnology -- Chapter 7. Radioactive Pollution -- 7.1 Radioactivity -- 7.2 Radiations-Nature and Types -- 7.3 Naturally Ocurring Radioactive Substances -- 7.4 Background Radiation -- 7.5 Interaction of Radiation with Matter -- 7.6 Radiation Pollution Effects -- Chapter 8. Noise Pollution and Health -- 8.1 Sound and Human Acoustics -- 8.2 Noise Measurement Units -- 8.3 Noise Classification -- 8.4 Noise Pollution Hazards -- 8.5 Permissible Noise Levels -- Chapter 9. Environment and Public Health -- 9.1 Pollution and Public Health Issues -- 9.2 Epidemiology -- 9.3 Vector-Borne Diseases and their Control -- 9.4 Water-Borne Diseases -- 9.5 Pest Control and Management (IPM) in Agriculture -- 9.5.1 Pesticides -- Chapter 10. Environment Conservationand Management -- 10.1 Resources-Classification -- 10.2 Nature Resources-Uses and Abuses -- 10.2.1 Mineral Resources -- 10.2.2 Land Resources -- 10.2.3 Soil Resources -- 10.2.4 Wildlife Resources -- 10.2.5 Fish Resources -- 10.2.6 Agricultural Resources -- 10.2.7 Animal Resources -- 10.2.8 Water Resources -- 10.2.9 Forest Resources -- 10.3 Energy Resources -- 10.3.1 Conventional Energy Resources -- 10.3.2 Non-Conventional Energy Resources -- 10.4 Resources/Environment Management -- 10.4.1 Sustainable Development -- 10.5 Environmental Movement in India -- 10.6 Green Bench -- Chapter 11. Environmental Policies -- 11.1 Environmental Instrument and Institutions -- 11.2 Environmental Policies.

11.3 Environmental Laws/Acts -- 11.3.1 Forests -- 11.3.2 Wildlife -- 11.3.3 Water -- 11.3.4 Air -- 11.3.5 Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) -- 11.4 Environmental Ethics and Awareness -- Chapter 12. Feedback Exercises -- Model Test Paper -- Appendix -- Question Paper -- Index.