DECLARATIONS OF WARAND AUTHORIZATIONS FORMILITARY FORCES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- DECLARATIONS OF WARAND AUTHORIZATIONS FOR THE USEOF MILITARY FORCE:HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND LEGALIMPLICATIONS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PREVIOUS DECLARATIONS OF WAR -- KEY DATES AND ACTIONS RELATED TO FORMAL U.S.DECLARATIONS OF WAR -- 1812 - Great Britain -- 1846 - Mexico -- 1898 - Spain -- 1917 - World War I (Germany) -- 1917 - World War I (Austria-Hungary) -- 1941 - World War II (Japan) -- 1941 - World War II (Germany) -- 1941 - World War II (Italy) -- 1942 - World War II (Bulgaria) -- 1942 - World War II (Hungary) -- 1942 - World War II (Rumania) -- KEY STATUTORY AUTHORIZATIONS FOR THE USE OFMILITARY FORCE -- IMPLICATIONS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW -- IMPLICATIONS UNDER DOMESTIC LAW -- ITEMIZATION OF STANDBY STATUTORY AUTHORITIES -- 1. STATUTORY AUTHORITIES TRIGGERED BY ADECLARATION OF WAR -- Congressional Budget Act -- Agricultural Exports -- Armed Forces -- Coast Guard -- Small Business Administration -- Unilateral Trade Sanctions -- Armed Forces Retirement Home -- Statutes of Limitation -- Deferral of Civil Works Projects -- Nuclear Regulatory Commission -- Enemy Alien Act -- National Defense Stockpile -- Chemical and Biological Warfare Agents -- National Emergencies Act -- Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) -- Selective Service Act -- 2. STATUTORY AUTHORITIES TRIGGERED BY THEEXISTENCE OF A STATE OF WAR (AND THUS ALSO BY ADECLARATION OF WAR) -- Administrative Procedure -- Federal Employees -- Aliens -- Armed Forces -- Reserves -- Trading with the Enemy Act -- Coast Guard -- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission -- Tennessee Valley Authority -- Imports -- Neutrality -- Miscellaneous -- Accounting and Contracts -- Contracts -- National Guard -- Armed Forces -- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -- Ocean Dumping -- Patents.

Armed Forces -- Contracts -- National Guard -- Armed Forces -- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration -- Ocean Dumping -- Patents -- Armed Forces -- Veterans' Care -- Reemployment Rights -- Sale of War Supplies to Foreign States -- Defense Structures in the District of Columbia -- Public Health Service -- Infectious Diseases -- Nuclear Energy -- Public Lands -- Natural Resources -- Destruction of Records -- Shipping -- Communications -- Railroads -- Protection of Ships and Harbors -- Federal Emergency Management Agency -- CIA Retirement Plan -- Trading with the Enemy Act -- 3. STATUTORY AUTHORITIES TRIGGERED BY DECLARATIONOR EXISTENCE OF NATIONAL EMERGENCY -- Federal Employees -- Agriculture -- Armed Services -- Fort McHenry -- Customs Service -- Student Financial Aid -- Barro Colorado Island -- Foreign Relations -- National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration -- Red Cross -- Veterans' Affairs -- Davis-Bacon Act -- Real Property and Contracts -- Public Health Service -- Prohibition of Compensation -- Relocation -- Resources -- Merchant Marine -- Airports -- Modification of Defense Contracts -- National Emergencies Act -- International Economic Emergency Powers Act -- Selective Service Act -- Defense Production Act -- CONGRESSIONAL PROCEDURES FOR DECLARING WAR ORAUTHORIZING THE USE OF FORCE -- Regular Procedures -- Congressional Procedures under the War Powers Resolution -- APPENDIX 1. TEXTS OF FORMAL DECLARATIONS OF WAR BYTHE UNITED STATES -- War with Great Britain 1812 (Act of Jun. 18, 1812, ch. 102, 2 Stat755) -- War with Mexico 1846 (Act of May 13, 1846, ch. 16, 9 Stat. 9) -- War with Spain 1898 (Act of Apr. 25, 1898, ch. 189, 30 Stat. 364) -- War with Germany 1917 (Act of Apr. 6, 1917, ch. 1, 40 Stat. 1) -- War with Austria-Hungary 1917 (Act of Dec. 7, 1917, ch. 1, 40 Stat.429).

War with Japan 1941 (Act of Dec. 8, 1941, ch. 561, 55 Stat. 795) -- War with Germany 1941 (Act of Dec. 11, 1941, ch. 564, 55 Stat.796) -- War with Italy 1941 (Act of Dec. 11, 1941, ch. 565, 55 Stat. 797) -- War with Bulgaria 1942 (Act of Jun. 5, 1942, ch. 323, 56 Stat.307) -- War with Hungary 1942 (Act of Jun. 5, 1942, ch. 324, 56 Stat.307) -- War with Rumania 1942 (Act of Jun. 5, 1942, ch. 325, 56 Stat. 307) -- APPENDIX II. TEXTS OF KEY AUTHORIZATIONSOF USE OF FORCE -- Protection of the Commerce and Coasts of the United States (Act ofMay 28, 1798, ch. 48, 1 Stat. 561) -- Protection of the Commerce of the United States (Act of July 9,1798, ch. 68, 1 Stat. 578) -- Protection of the Commerce and Seamen of the United StatesAgainst the Tripolitan Cruisers (Act of February 6, 1802, ch. 4, 2Stat. 129) -- Protection of the Commerce and Seamen of the United StatesAgainst the Algerine Cruisers (Act of March 3, 1815, ch. 90, 3 Stat.230) -- Suppression of Piracy -- Authorization for the President To Employ the Armed Forces ofthe United States for Protecting the Security of Formosa, thePescadores, and Related Positions and Territories of That Area(Act of January 29, 1955, ch.4, 69 Stat. 7. [H.J.Res. 159, P.L. 84-4]) -- PROMOTION OF PEACE AND STABILITY IN THE MIDDLEEAST (P.L. 85-7, 71 STAT. 5, MARCH 9, 1957 [ H.J.RES.117]) -- MAINTENANCE OF INTERNATIONAL PEACE AND SECURITYIN SOUTHEAST ASIA (P.L. 88-408, 78 STAT. 384, AUGUST 10,1964 [H.J.RES. 11450]) -- MULTINATIONAL FORCE IN LEBANON (P.L. 98-119, 97STAT. 805, OCTOBER 12, 1983 [S.J.RES. 159]) -- Short Title -- Findings and Purpose -- Authorization for Continued Participation of United States ArmedForces in the Multinational Force in Lebanon -- Reports to the Congress -- Statements of Policy -- Duration of Authorization for United States Participation in theMultinational Force in Lebanon -- Reports to the Congress.

Statements of Policy -- Duration of Authorization for United States Participation in theMultinational Force in Lebanon -- Interpretation of This Resolution -- Congressional Priority Procedures for Amendments -- AUTHORIZATION OF THE USE OF U.S. ARMED FORCESPURSUANT TO U.N. SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 678WITH RESPECT TO IRAQ (P.L. 102-1, 105 STAT. 3, JANUARY14, 1991 [H.J.RES. 77] -- Section 1. Short Title -- Section 2. Authorization for Use of United States Armed Forces -- Section 3. Reports to Congress -- AUTHORIZATION OF THE USE OF U.S. ARMED FORCESAGAINST THOSE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE RECENT ATTACKSLAUNCHED AGAINST THE UNITED STATES (P.L. 107-40, 115STAT. 224, SEPTEMBER 18, 2001 [S. J. RES. 23]) -- Section 1. Short Title -- Section 2. Authorization for Use of United States Armed Forces -- AUTHORIZATION OF THE USE OF FORCE AGAINST IRAQRESOLUTION OF 2002 (P.L. 107-243, 116 STAT. 1498,OCTOBER 16, 2002 [H.J.RES. 114]) -- Section 1. Short Title -- Section 2. Support for United States Diplomatic Efforts -- Section 3. Authorization for Use of United States Armed Forces -- Section 4. Reports to Congress -- REFERENCE -- U.S. PERIODS OF WAR -- ABSTRACT -- WAR DATES -- INDIAN WARS -- SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR -- MEXICAN BORDER PERIOD -- WORLD WAR I -- WORLD WAR II -- KOREAN CONFLICT -- VIETNAM ERA -- CONFLICTS IN LEBANON 1982-1983 AND GRENADA 1983 -- PERSIAN GULF WAR -- CURRENT CONFLICTS IN AFGHANISTAN AND IRAQ -- REFERENCE -- INDEX.