BOOK COVER -- TITLE -- COPYRIGHT -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- CHAPTER 1 THE PRECURSORS OF ISLAM (c. 3000 BCE-500 CE) -- THE RISE OF AGRARIAN-BASED CITIED SOCIETIES -- CULTURAL CORE AREAS OF THE SETTLED WORLD -- THE NILE-TO-OXUS REGION -- THE ARABIAN PENINSULA -- CHAPTER 2 FORMATION AND ORIENTATION (c. 500-634) -- THE CITY OF MECCA: CENTRE OF TRADE AND RELIGION -- MECCA UNDER THE QURAYSH CLANS -- NEW SOCIAL PATTERNS AMONG THE MECCANS AND THEIR NEIGHBOURS -- THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD -- MUHAMMAD'S YEARS IN MECCA -- MUHAMMAD'S EMIGRATION TO YATHRIB (MEDINA) -- ISLAM AT MUHAMMAD'S DEATH -- ABU BAKR'S SUCCESSION -- CHAPTER 3 CONVERSION AND CRYSTALLIZATION (634-870) -- SOCIAL AND CULTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS -- 'UMAR I'S SUCCESSION -- THE SPIRIT OF CONQUEST UNDER 'UMAR I -- FORGING THE LINK OF ACTIVISM WITH FAITHFULNESS -- 'UTHMAN'S SUCCESSION AND POLICIES -- DISCONTENT IN 'UTHMAN'S REIGN -- INTRA-MUSLIM CONFLICTS -- THE FOUR FITNAHS -- THE FIRST FITNAH -- THE SECOND FITNAH -- THE EMERGENT ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION -- THE THIRD FITNAH -- SUNNIS AND SHI'ITES -- THE 'ABBASIDS -- SHARI'AH -- THE FOURTH FITNAH -- CHAPTER 4 FRAGMENTATION AND FLORESCENCE (870-1041) -- THE RISE OF COMPETITIVE REGIONS -- ANDALUSIA, THE MAGHRIB, AND SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA -- EGYPT, SYRIA, AND THE HOLY CITIES -- THE FATIMID DYNASTY -- THE HAMDANID DYNASTY -- IRAQ -- CULTURAL FLOWERING IN IRAQ -- THE BUYID DYNASTY -- IRAN, AFGHANISTAN, AND INDIA -- THE SAMANIDS -- THE GHAZNAVIDS -- THE DECLINE OF THE CALIPHATE AND RISE OF EMIRATES -- CHAPTER 5 MIGRATION AND RENEWAL (1041-1405) -- TURKS -- SELJUQ TURKS -- POLICIES OF NIZAM AL-MULK -- TARIQAH FELLOWSHIPS -- FRANKS -- THE CALL FOR THE CRUSADES -- EFFECT OF THE CRUSADES IN SYRIA -- MONGOLS -- FIRST MONGOL INCURSIONS -- CONVERSION OF MONGOLS TO ISLAM -- ASCENT OF THE OTTOMAN TURKS -- TIMUR'S EFFORTS TO RESTORE MONGOL POWER -- ARABS -- IMAZIGHEN.

THE SANHAJAH CONFEDERATION -- THE ALMORAVID DYNASTY -- THE ALMOHAD DYNASTY -- CONTINUED SPREAD OF ISLAMIC INFLUENCE -- CHAPTER 6 CONSOLIDATION AND EXPANSION (1405-1683) -- OTTOMANS -- CONTINUATION OF OTTOMAN RULE -- REIGN OF SÜLEYMAN I -- THE EXTENT OF OTTOMAN ADMINISTRATION -- SAFAVIDS -- EXPANSION IN IRAN AND BEYOND -- SHAH 'ABBAS I -- DECLINE OF CENTRAL AUTHORITY -- INDO-TIMURIDS (MUGHALS) -- FOUNDATION BY BABUR -- REIGN OF AKBAR -- CONTINUATION OF THE EMPIRE -- TRANS-SAHARAN ISLAM -- INDIAN OCEAN ISLAM -- CHAPTER 7 ISLAMIC HISTORY FROM 1683 TO THE PRESENT: REFORM, DEPENDENCY, AND RECOVERY -- PRE-COLONIAL REFORM AND EXPERIMENTATION (1683 TO 1818) -- THE RISE OF BRITISH COLONIALISM TO THE END OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE -- ISLAM AND NATIONALISM IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION (THE EARLY 20TH CENTURY TO THE PRESENT) -- REFORM AND REVIVAL IN THE COLONIAL PERIOD -- NATIONALISM: POSTCOLONIAL STATES AND ISLAM -- ISLAMIST MOVEMENTS FROM THE 1960S -- THE MAINSTREAMING OF ISLAMIST MOVEMENTS -- DIMENSIONS OF THE ISLAMIC REVIVAL -- ISLAM AND GLOBALIZATION: THE AGE OF MOBILITY -- GLOSSARY -- FOR FURTHER READING -- INDEX -- BACK COVER.