SOUND WAVES PROPAGATION, FREQUENCIES AND EFFECTS -- SOUND WAVES PROPAGATION, FREQUENCIES AND EFFECTS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- TIME RESOLVED VISUALIZATION AND ANALYSIS ON A SINGLE SHORT ACOUSTIC WAVE GENERATION, PROPAGATION AND INTERACTION -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EXPERIMENT AND NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS -- A. Time Resolved Acoustic Wave Imaging: Laser flash Schlieren photography -- B. Numerical simulations -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- 3.1. Laser Induced Thermoelastic Acoustic Wave Generation in Water -- 3.2. Laser Induced Acoustic Waves in Various External Channels -- A. Single Block -- B. Double Block (A Channel) -- D. 33º Tilted Single Block -- E. Concave Cylindrical Lens (Acoustic Wave Focusing) -- F. Viscosity Effect (Propagation Velocity and Attenuation) -- 3.3. Laser Induced Acoustic waves in Various Internal Channels -- A. Sudden Expansion and Contraction Channels -- B. Bifurcating Channels: T Branched and Y Branched Channels -- C. Gradual Contraction Wall Channels: Linear Contraction and Parabolic Contraction Wall Channel -- D. Trapped Acoustic Wave in a Cylinder -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- ELASTIC VIBRATIONS OF AN ISOTROPIC PLATE WITH LASER-INDUCED ATOMIC DEFECTS -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. BASIC EQUATIONS -- 3. FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM -- 4. BASIC SOLUTIONS -- 5. DISPERSION EQUATIONS IF THE WAVE IN AN INFINITIVE MEDIUM -- 6. DISPERSION EQUATION OF THE PLANE WAVE IN PLATES -- 7. LIMITING FORMS OF THE FREQUENCY EQUATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- ELECTROACOUSTIC MONITORING OF COLLOIDAL STATE CHANGES IN SODIUM CASEINATE STABILIZED OIL IN WATER EMULSIONS -- Abstract -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. Fundamentals of electroacoustics -- 1.2. Sodium Caseinate Stabilized Emulsions and Challenges in Formulation -- 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS -- 2.1. Emulsion Preparation.

2.2. Determination of Size Distribution Using Light Scattering -- 2.3. Acoustic and Electroacoustic Spectrometer -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3.1. Electroacoustic Properties of Sodium Caseinate Emulsions as a Function of Concentration -- 3.2. Destabilization of emulsion droplets: acidification -- 3.3. Interactions between the Oil Droplets and a Charged Polymer: High Methoxyl Pectin (HMP) -- 3.4. Destabilization of the oil droplets due to depletion flocculation -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NUMERICAL ASSESSMENT OF MULTI-CHAMBER MUFFLERS HYBRIDIZED WITH MULTIPLE PERFORATED INTRUDING TUBES USING GA METHOD -- Abstract -- 1. NOMENCLATURE -- 2. INTRODUCTION -- 3. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND -- 3.1. Four-pole Transfer Matrices -- 3.2. Overall Sound Power Level -- 3.3. Objective Function -- (A) STL maximization for a tone (f) noise -- (B) SWL minimization for a broadband noise -- 4. MODEL CHECK -- 5. CASE STUDIES -- 6. GENETIC ALGORITHM -- 7. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 7.1. Results -- 7.1.1. Pure Tone Noise Optimization -- 7.1.2. Broadband Noise Optimization -- 7.2. Discussion -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- APPENDIX A -- Transfer Matrix of an Expanded Perforated Intruding Tube -- APPENDIX B -- Transfer Matrix of a Contracted Perforated Intruding Tube -- REFERENCE -- THE SOUND VELOCITY INTO TURBULENT FLOW -- Abstract -- INTRODUCTION -- CONSERVATION EQUATIONS FOR TURBULENT FLOW -- THE SOUND VELOCITY INTO TURBULENT FLOW -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INFRASOUND GENERATION BY TURBULENT CONVECTION -- Abstract -- 1.Introduction -- 2.GeneralCharacteristicsofAtmosphericInfrasound -- 3.HistoryofInfrasoundStudies -- 4.InstrumentationandProcessingTechniques -- 5.InfrasoundfromStrongConvectiveStorms -- 6.Lighthill'sAcousticAnalogy -- 6.1.MathematicalFormulation -- 6.2.Lighthill'sQuadrupoleSource -- 7.InfrasoundGenerationbyTornadicStorms -- 7.1.Generalformalism.

7.2.AnalysisofDifferentSources -- 7.3.Applicationtoinfrasoundgenerationbytornadicconvectivestorms -- 7.4.Spectrumofinfrasound -- 7.5.Infrasoundcorrelationwithtornadoes -- 8.Conclusion -- References -- ON THE NEUTRONS DIFFRACTION IN A CRYSTAL UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF A SOUND WAVE -- Abstract -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Neutron-CrystalInteractionPotentialUndertheInfluenceofaSoundWave -- 3.S-MatrixTheory -- 4.DiffractionProbability -- 5.AnalysisoftheResults:DiffractionConditionandtheDebye-WallerFactor -- 5.1.Diffractioncondition -- 5.1.1.Influenceofatravelingsoundwave -- 5.1.2.Influenceofastandingsoundwave -- 5.2.TheDebye-Wallerfactor -- Acknowledgments -- References -- ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF SOUND WAVES IN NON-STATIONARY MEDIA -- Abstract -- 1.Introduction -- 2.BasicEquations -- 2.1.Basicequationsoffluiddynamics -- 2.2.Soundwaves -- 3.TransformationofSoundWavesinNon-StationaryMediawithAbruptlyChangingParameters -- 4.TransformationofSoundWavesinNon-StationaryMediawithSmoothlyChangingParameters -- 5.Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- TOMOGRAPHY TECHNIQUE TO SYNOPTIC MAPPING OF OCEAN MESO-SCALE FIELD -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION AND MODELING -- 1.1. Ocean Model -- Oceanic Variability and its Effect on Acoustics -- 1.1a. Synoptic (Meso-Scale) Eddies -- 1.1b. Large Scale Currents and Frontal Zones -- 1.2a. Internal Waves -- 1.2b. Vertical Fine Structure -- 1.2c. Small Scale Turbulence -- 1.3. Forward Problem -- 1.4. Stochastic Inverse -- 2. DATA AND SIMULATION -- 3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 3.1. Sound Velocity Field -- 3.2. EOF Modes -- 3.3. Data Resolution Matrix )(TppUU -- 3.4. Model Resolution Matrix )(TppVV -- 3.5. Eigen Rays -- 3.6. Ray Arrival Pattern -- 3.7. Acoustic Intensity -- 3.8. Inversion -- Building the Estimates.

4. OBJECTIVE MAPPING OF TEMPERATURE FIELD BY STOCHASTIC INVERSE METHOD USING ACOUSTIC TOMOGRAPHY EXPERIMENTAL DATA OF EASTERN ARABIAN SEA -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- APPENDIX A -- A1. Elements of Ocean Acoustics -- A1.1. Wave Equation -- A1.2. Ray Theory -- APPENDIX-B -- B1. Computational Procedures: -- B2. Closeness Ratio -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.