Key Features and Parameters in Arabic Grammar -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- Dedication page -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- Provenance of Chapters -- Part I Temporality, aspect, voice, and event structure -- Tense/Aspect interaction and variation -- 1. Past, Perfect, Perfective -- 1.1 The Past/Perfect ambiguity -- 1.2 Temporal and modal qad -- 1.3 One or two projections of T -- 1.4 Perfective -- 2. Present, Imperfect, Imperfective -- 3. Imperfect and SOT -- 4. Perfectivity -- 4.1 ST as Perfective -- 4.2 PT as Imperfective? -- 4.3 From Tense to Aspect -- 4.4 The Tense/Aspect language typology revisited -- 5. Conclusion -- Transitivity, causativity, and verbal plurality -- 1. Issues -- 1.1 Problem 1: Semitic morpho-syntax -- 1.2 Problem 2: Transitivity theory -- 2. Number Theory -- 2.1 Ingredients of Num T -- 2.2 Verbal plurality and distributed Num -- 2.3 Distributed plurality -- 2.4 Causative complexity, verbalization, and distributivity -- 2.5 Two sources of transitivity -- 2.6 Parallel plural morphology -- 2.7 Summary -- 3. Cross-linguistic evidence -- 3.1 Causatives, transitives, and event quantification -- 3.1.1 Causativization and transitivization -- 3.1.2 Multiple behaviour -- 3.1.3 Event quantification -- 3.2 Moravcsik's resistant cases -- 4. Conceptual motivations and competing analyses -- 4.1 Little v: Verbalizer or transitivizer? -- 4.2 Aspect -- 4.3 Voice -- 4.3.1 Anti-transitive reflexives -- 4.3.2 Reflexive causatives -- 4.3.3 Agentive and expositive causatives -- 4.3.4 Requestive causatives -- 4.3.5 Ergative Num and intensive forms -- 4.4 Further empirical motivations -- 4.4.1 Ergative and unergative Num in event plurality and transitivity -- 4.4.2 Adicity, (in)transitive alternations, and multiple uses -- 5. Num theory and Num heights -- 5.1 Sg and Pl Merge -- 5.2 Language variation.

6. Summary and conclusion -- Synthetic/analytic asymmetries in voice and temporal patterns -- 1. Analysis, voice, and temporality -- 1.1 The problem -- 1.2 Nominal auxiliaries -- 1.3 S/O Agr split and auxiliary selection -- 1.4 Temp auxiliaries -- 1.5 Voice -- 1.5.1 Arabic and anaphoric Agr -- 1.5.2 Latin and split Agr -- 1.5.3 Modern Greek -- 1.5.4 Albanian -- 1.5.5 Moroccan Arabic -- 2. Formal complexity and categorization -- 2.1 Further analytic and synthetic questions -- 2.1.1 Pass and additional complexity -- 2.1.2 Two finite Agrs -- 2.1.3 Ancient Greek as fully synthetic -- 2.2 Reanalysis as the source of analytic pass or perfect -- 2.3 A splitting analysis (of Temp and Agr categories) -- 3. Peculiarities and structural heights -- 3.1 Imperfective passive -- 3.2 Verbal and adjectival voices -- 3.3 Multiple functions across heights -- 4. Summary and conclusion -- Arabic Perfect and temporal adverbs -- 1. Salient properties of the Arabic TR system -- 1.1 Polyfunctionality of T/Asp forms -- 1.2 The PresPerf split: Synthesis and analysis -- 1.3 The Past split: Simple Past Pfv and complex Past Impfv -- 2. The Perfect/Past ambiguity -- 2.1 Aspects and Tenses -- 2.2 Positional "deictic" adverbs -- 2.3 Perf and modal qad -- 2.4 Adverbs and simple vs. complex tenses -- 2.5 Durational adverbs -- 3. Temporal adverbs and kinds of Perfect -- 3.1 Positional munđu -- 3.1.1 Imperfective tenses -- 3.1.2 Perfective tenses -- 3.1.3 PresPerf tense -- 3.2 Durational munđu -- 3.3 Perf of Res and Post-state -- 4. Summary and conclusion -- 4.1 T/Asp morphology -- 4.2 T/Asp adverbs or particles -- 4.3 Conclusion -- Part II DP, np, bareness, and count/mass structures -- The grammar of count and mass -- 1. Toward a wider count grammar -- 1.1 Ways of 'numeralizing' -- 1.1.1 Partitive numeral -- 1.1.2 Predicative numeral -- 1.1.3 Numeral verbs -- 1.1.4 Numeral adverbs.

1.2 Ways of count quantifying -- 1.2.1 Count quantifier biḍ in a construct state -- 1.2.2 Predicative count quantifier -- 1.2.3 The count/measure ambiguity of kam -- 1.2.4 More partitives -- 1.3 Events selecting count nouns -- 2. General nouns -- 2.1 General atomicity -- 2.2 Singulative atomicity -- 2.3 General nouns and general Number -- 2.4 Counting and numeralizing -- 2.5 The general noun is not plural -- 2.6 The general noun is not mass -- 2.7 The general noun is not a group -- 3. Collective varieties -- 3.1 What 'counts' in the grammar of collectives -- 3.2 Syntactic groups -- 4. Masses -- 4.1 Mass as atomless -- 4.2 Mass is cumulative, and non-divisive -- 4.3 Mass as distinct from plural -- 4.4 Plural of mass is productive -- 5. Count/mass architecture, features, and functional categories -- 5.1 Count and mass syntax -- 5.2 Interpreting plural and singular inflections -- 6. Summary and conclusion -- Synthesis in Arabic DPs -- 1. Setting the stage for synthesis -- 1.1 Synthetic ingredients -- 1.2 Synthetic 'articles' -- 1.3 Quantifiers -- 1.4 Numerals -- 1.5 Demonstratives -- 1.6 Indefinites in Arabic dialects -- 2. DP architecture -- 2.1 Adjective modification -- 2.1.1 The NA Order -- 2.1.2 MIO -- 2.1.3 Adjectival classes and non-intersectives -- 2.1.4 DA extensions -- 2.2 Mirror image alternations -- 2.3 Synthetic indefinites -- 3. Core properties and types of synthetic possession -- 3.1 How real is Definiteness spreading? -- 3.2 Possessor placement -- 3.3 Two classes of synthetic possessives -- 4. Characterizing the variation -- Bare, generic, mass, and referential DPs -- 1. Overt D contrasts and genericity -- 1.1 Definite, generic, and mass -- 1.2 Predicates and anaphors -- 1.2.1 Kind Level Predicates -- 1.2.2 Stage Level Predicates -- 1.2.3 Individual Level Predicates -- 1.2.4 Kind anaphora -- 1.3 Plural as 'plural of the singular'.

1.3.1 Scope -- 1.3.2 Opacity -- 1.3.3 Telicity -- 2. Arabic BNs are indefinites -- 2.1 Arabic BNs as indefinites? -- 2.2 GenP and N-to-Gen -- 2.3 Arabic/Romance distinctions and the Numeral Parameter -- 2.3.1 Varieties of bareness -- 2.3.2 The Numeral Parameter -- 3. Further discussion -- 3.1 Gen contexts -- 3.2 Modification and D-binding -- 3.3 Modalized contexts -- 3.4 Definite and indefinite generics -- 4. BNs and PNs -- 5. Mass specification -- 6. Conclusion -- Determination parameters in the Arabic and Semitic diglossia -- 1. Indefinites -- 1.1 N moves over indefinite quantifier -- 1.2 N movement to indefinite D -- 1.3 Adjective movement and movement over adjectives -- 1.4 Semitic overt indetermination -- 2. Definites -- 3. Double (in)determination in Semitic -- 3.1 Definites and indefinites are not complementary -- 3.2 Searching for minimal (in)definite pairs -- 3.3 PNs are not indefinite -- 4. Bare determination -- 4.1 Individuating and non-individuating vocatives -- 4.2 Unique' superlatives -- 5. Account and summary -- 5.1 The computational history of determination -- 5.2 Two features in computation -- Part III Clausal structure, silent pronouns, and Agree -- Arabic silent pronouns, person, and voice -- 1. The referential/non-referential correlation -- 2. Impersonals/indefinites -- 2.1 Arabic -- 2.2 Comparison with French, Finnish, Irish, and Italian -- 2.3 The human feature -- 3. Referential pro -- 3.1 A topic approach -- 3.2 A Probe-Goal implementation -- 4. Passive', 'impersonal', 'indefinite' -- 5. Expletives and EPP -- 5.1 Arabic expletives -- 5.2 Pronouns and EPP -- 5.3 Finnish -- 6. Some consequences -- 6.1 Variation around Person -- 6.2 Topicality and Person -- 6.3 A new approach to Voice -- Plural verbs and Agree -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nominal Number -- 2.1 Where is number? -- 2.2 Non-human plurality -- 2.3 Lexical collectives.

2.4 Syntactic collectives -- 2.5 Plurals of plurals and similar matters -- 3. Verb plurality -- 3.1 Pluractional morphology -- 3.2 Collective and distributive plural -- 3.3 Semantic Pl in SVO -- 3.4 Kinds of plural agreement: Collective and non-collective -- 4. Reciprocity -- 4.1 Lexical reciprocals and symmetric events -- 4.2 Morphological reciprocals -- 4.3 Syntactic reciprocals -- 5. Summary and conclusion -- Time/space anchors, logophors, finiteness, and (un)interpretability of inflection -- 1. CP anchoring, double access tenses, and logophors -- 1.1 Person double access -- 1.2 Time double access -- 1.3 Arabic as a DAR language -- 1.4 Double access and Mood -- 1.5 Root and logophoric Cs -- 2. Finiteness -- 2.1 Subject properties -- 2.1.1 Cases of subjects -- 2.1.2 Positions of subjects -- 2.1.3 Subject agreement -- 2.1.4 Expletive subjects -- 2.2 Truncated structures -- 2.2.1 Raising -- 2.2.2 Auxiliary (complex tense) structures -- 2.2.3 ECM -- 2.2.4 Control -- 3. The structure of Tense -- 3.1 Tense on T and Person -- 3.2 Synthetic and analytic temporality -- 3.3 V movement -- 4. Summary and conclusion -- References -- Index.