Symmetry and Fundamental Physics : Tom Kibble at 80.
Title:
Symmetry and Fundamental Physics : Tom Kibble at 80.
Author:
Gauntlett, Jerome.
ISBN:
9789814583060
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (170 pages)
Contents:
Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Photos -- Tom Kibble and the Early Universe as the Ultimate High Energy Experiment -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Inflation -- 3. Can We Do Better? -- 4. The Electroweak Higgs: A New Clue -- 5. Weyl Invariance and the Big Crunch/Big Bang Transition -- 6. Holographic Description of a Bouncing Cosmology -- 7. Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Universality of Phase Transition Dynamics: Topological Defects from Symmetry Breaking -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Kibble-Zurek Mechanism -- 3. Landau Zener Crossing as a Quantum Example of the KZM -- 3.1. Controlling excitations in Landau Zener crossing -- 4. Quantum Phase Transitions -- 5. Adiabatic Crossing of Quantum Phase Transition -- 6. The KZM and Transitions between Steady States -- 7. Winding Numbers in Loops -- 7.1. Trapping flux in small loops -- 8. Defect Formation in Multiferroics -- 9. The Inhomogeneous Kibble-Zurek Mechanism -- 10. Kink Formation in Ion Chains -- 10.1. Prospects of ground-state cooling of ion chains -- 11. Soliton Formation in Bose Einstein Condensation -- 12. Vortex Formation in a Newborn Bose Einstein Condensate -- 13. Mott Insulator to Superfluid Transition -- 14. Summary and Outlook -- Acknowledgments -- Appendix A. Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking: the Role of Topology -- References -- The Quest for the Higgs Boson at the LHC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Standard Model -- 3. The Standard Model Higgs Boson and the LHC -- 4. The Large Hadron Collider Project -- 4.1. Timeline of the LHC project -- 5. The LHC Accelerator -- 6. The ATLAS and CMS Experiments -- 7. "Rediscovering" the Standard Model -- 8. The Discovery and Properties of a Higgs Boson -- 8.1. Results from the 2011 and partial 2012 datasets -- 8.1.1. The H → γγ decay mode -- 8.1.2. The H → ZZ → 4l decay mode -- 8.1.3. Combinations.
8.2. Results from the full 2011 and 2012 data set -- 8.2.1. The H → γγ and the H → ZZ → 4l decay modes -- 8.2.2. H → WW → 2l 2ν decay mode -- 8.2.3. The H → ττ decay mode -- 8.2.4. H → bb decay mode -- 8.3. Combining the results -- 8.3.1. Significance of the observed excess -- 8.3.2. Mass of the observed state -- 8.3.3. Compatibility of the observed state with the SM Higgs boson hypothesis: signal strength -- 8.3.4. Compatibility of the observed state with the SM Higgs boson hypothesis: couplings -- 8.3.5. Compatibility of the observed state with the SM Higgs boson hypothesis: spin and parity -- 8.3.6. Compatibility of the observed state with the SM Higgs boson hypothesis: non-standard couplings -- 9. Conclusions and Outlook -- Epilogue -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Tom Kibble: Breaking Ground and Breaking Symmetries -- Tom Kibble at 80: After Dinner Speech -- References -- Publication List.
Abstract:
Tom Kibble is an inspirational theoretical physicist who has made profound contributions to our understanding of the physical world. To celebrate his 80th birthday a one-day symposium was held on March 13, 2013 at the Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London. This important volume is a compilation of papers based on the presentations that were given at the symposium. The symposium profiled various aspects of Tom's long scientific career. The tenor of the meeting was set in the first talk given by Neil Turok, director of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, who described Tom as "our guru and example". He gave a modern overview of cosmological theories, including a discussion of Tom's pioneering work on how topological defects might have formed in the early universe during symmetry-breaking phase transitions. Wojciech Zurek of Los Alamos National Laboratory continued with this theme, surveying analogous processes within the context of condensed matter systems and explaining the Kibble-Zurek scaling phenomenon. The day's events were concluded by Jim Virdee of Imperial College, who summarized the epic and successful quest of finding the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. At the end of the talk, there was a standing ovation for Tom that lasted several minutes. In the evening, Steven Weinberg gave a keynote presentation to a capacity audience of 700 people. He talked eruditely on symmetry breaking and its role in elementary particle physics. At the banquet dinner, Frank Close of Oxford University concluded the banquet speeches by summarizing the significance of Tom's contributions to the creation of the Standard Model.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
Genre:
Electronic Access:
Click to View