Contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- A -- Henry Adams, American historian -- Louis Agassiz, Swiss- American naturalist -- Amos Bronson Alcott, American author and educator -- Sholem Aleichem, Russian Yiddish author and satirist -- Grant Allen, English science writer and novelist -- William Allingham, Irish poet -- Duke of Argyll, (see George Douglas Campbell) -- Matthew Arnold, English poet and critic -- Herbert Henry Asquith, English prime minister -- Edward Aveling, English journalist -- B -- Walter Bagehot, English political theorist -- Alexander Bain, Scottish philosopher -- James Mark Baldwin, American psychologist -- Arthur James Balfour, English prime minister -- George Bancroft, American historian -- John Kendrick Bangs, American editor and satirist -- P. T. Barnum, American circus impresario -- Henry Bates, English naturalist -- William Bateson, English geneticist -- Lydia Ernestine Becker, English suffragist and botanist -- Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman -- Clive Bell, English art critic -- Saul Bellow, American novelist -- Ruth Benedict, American anthropologist -- Henri Bergson, French philosopher -- Isaiah Berlin, English philosopher and historian -- Annie Besant, English social reformer -- Elizabeth Bishop, American poet -- Otto von Bismarck, German statesman -- Franz Boas, American anthropologist -- Alice Bodington, English naturalist and science writer -- Wilhelm Bölsche, German nature writer -- James Bonar, English economist -- Francis Bowen, American philosopher -- Charles Loring Brace, American clergyman and reformer -- Franz Brentano, Austrian philosopher -- Robert Bridges, English poet -- Paul Broca, French anatomist and anthropologist -- Robert Browning, English poet -- Orestes Augustus Brownson, American essayist and editor -- Ferdinand Brunetière, French author and critic.

William Jennings Bryan, American politician -- William Cullen Bryant, American poet -- James Bryce, English jurist and statesman -- Ludwig Büchner, German materialist -- Henry Thomas Buckle, English historian -- Arabella Buckley, English author and science popularizer -- Edward Bulwer- Lytton: English novelist and politician -- Luther Burbank, American botanist and horticulturalist -- John Burroughs, American naturalist -- J. B. Bury, English historian -- Samuel Butler, English novelist -- Thomas Butler, English clergyman -- C -- Elizabeth Dwight Cabot, American social reformer -- George Douglas Campbell, Duke of Argyll: Scottish politician and author -- Alphonse de Candolle, Swiss botanist -- Jane Welsh Carlyle, English woman of letters -- Thomas Carlyle, English author -- William Benjamin Carpenter, English naturalist and physiologist -- Lewis Carroll, English author -- Emilio Castelar, Spanish politician and president -- Willa Cather, American novelist -- John W. Chadwick, American Unitarian minister -- Anton Chekhov, Russian author -- G. K. Chesterton, English author -- Winston Churchill, English prime minister -- Carl Claus, Austrian zoologist -- Georges Clemenceau, French statesman -- William Kingdon Cliff ord, English mathematician and philosopher -- Edward Clodd, English banker and author -- Frances Power Cobbe, Irish social reformer and animal- rights activist -- Ferdinand Cohn, German biologist -- Edwin Grant Conklin, American biologist and eugenicist -- Moncure D. Conway, American clergyman -- Calvin Coolidge, American president -- Edward Drinker Cope, American paleontologist -- Mandell Creighton, English historian and prelate -- João Cruz e Sousa, Brazilian poet -- D -- James Dwight Dana, American geologist -- Richard Henry Dana, American author and lawyer -- Nikolai Danilevsky, Russian naturalist.

John William Dawson, Canadian geologist and paleobotanist -- Hugo DeVries, Dutch botanist -- John Dewey, American philosopher -- Charles Dickens, English novelist -- Emily Dickinson, American poet -- Benjamin Disraeli, English prime minister -- Anton Dohrn, German zoologist -- Ignatius Donnelly, American novelist and politician -- Fyodor Dostoevsky, Russian novelist -- Arthur Conan Doyle, English author -- Simon Dubnow, Russian Jewish historian -- Eugène Dubois, Dutch anatomist and paleontologist -- Emil Du Bois- Reymond, German physiologist, and Albert Wigand, Ger - man botanist -- Pierre Duhem, French philosopher of science -- George Du Maurier, English novelist -- Émile Durkheim, French sociologist -- E -- Theodore Eimer, German zoologist -- Albert Einstein, German- American physicist -- George Eliot, English novelist -- T. S. Eliot, English poet -- Havelock Ellis, English sociologist -- Ralph Waldo Emerson, American philosopher -- William Empson, English critic and poet -- Friedrich Engels, German political theorist -- Reginald Baliol Brett Esher, English politician and historian -- F -- Jean Henri Fabre, French entomologist -- Michael Faraday, English physicist -- Frederic William Farrar, English prelate -- Sandor Ferenczi, Hungarian psychoanalyst -- John Fiske, American social philosopher -- Edward Fitzgerald, English author and translator -- F. Scott Fitzgerald, American novelist -- Gustave Flaubert, French novelist -- Benjamin Orange Flower, American journalist -- Antonio Fogazzaro, Italian novelist and senator -- Edward Forbes, English naturalist -- Ford Maddox Ford, English novelist, critic, and editor -- E. M. Forster, English novelist -- Harry Emerson Fosdick, American clergyman -- Anatole France, French novelist -- Edward A. Freeman, English historian -- Sigmund Freud, Austrian psychoanalyst -- Robert Frost, American poet -- G.

Francis Galton, English psychometrician and eugenicist -- Mahatma Gandhi, Indian statesman -- James A. Garfield, American president -- Hamlin Garland, American author -- Wendell Phillips Garrison, American editor and author -- Marcus Garvey, African American leader -- Elizabeth Gaskell, English novelist -- Patrick Geddes, English biologist and social scientist -- Carl Gegenbaur, German anatomist -- Archibald Geikie, Scottish geologist -- James Geikie, Scottish geologist -- Isidore Geoff roy Saint- Hilaire, French zoologist -- Alfred Giard, French marine biologist -- James Cardinal Gibbons, American prelate -- André Gide, French author -- W. S. Gilbert, English poet and lyricist -- Charlotte Perkins Gilman, American novelist and feminist -- George Gissing, English novelist -- William Gladstone, English prime minister -- Ellen Glasgow, American novelist -- Edmund Gosse, English poet -- Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist -- Mountstuart E. Grant Duff, Scottish politician and author -- Asa Gray, American botanist -- John Richard Green, English historian -- John Thomas Gulick, American missionary and naturalist -- Ludwig Gumplowicz, Polish- Austrian sociologist -- H -- Ahad Ha-'am, Russian Jewish essayist -- Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist -- James Duncan Hague, American mining engineer -- J. B. S. Haldane, English biologist -- Granville Stanley Hall, American psychologist -- Thomas Hardy, English novelist and poet -- William Henry Harvey, Irish botanist -- Willet M. Hays, American plant breeder -- Lafcadio Hearn, American journalist and author -- Werner Heisenberg, German physicist -- Hermann von Helmholtz, German physicist -- John Stevens Henslow, English botanist and clergyman -- John Herschel, English astronomer -- Theodor Herzl, Hungarian Jewish journalist and Zionist -- Thomas Wentworth Higginson, American clergyman and abolitionist.

Charles Hodge, American theologian -- Thomas Hodgkin, English historian and banker -- Harald Hoffding, Danish philosopher -- Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., American physician and author -- Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr., American jurisprudent -- Joseph Dalton Hooker, English botanist -- Gerard Manley Hopkins, English poet -- Fenton John Anthony Hort, Irish theologian -- William Dean Howells, American author and critic -- William Henry Hudson, Argentine- English author -- Aldous Huxley, English author -- Julian Huxley, English biologist -- Thomas H. Huxley, English zoologist -- I -- Index of Prohibited Books (The Vatican) -- Robert G. Ingersoll, American freethinker and orator -- J -- Joseph Jacobs, English Jewish folklorist and anthropologist -- Henry James, American novelist -- William James, American psychologist -- Richard Jefferies, English nature writer -- William Stanley Jevons, English economist -- Sarah Orne Jewett, American novelist -- Ernest Jones, Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst -- John Jones, English geologist -- David Starr Jordan, American zoologist -- James Prescott Joule, English physicist -- Benjamin Jowett, English classicist and theologian -- James Joyce, Irish author -- John Wesley Judd, English geologist -- Carl Jung, Swiss psychologist -- K -- Paul Kammerer, Austrian biologist -- Karl Kautsky, German Marxist theorist -- May Kendall, English poet and social reformer -- John Maynard Keynes, English economist -- Benjamin Kidd, English sociologist -- Martin Luther King Jr., African American clergyman -- Charles Kingsley, English clergyman and novelist -- Henry Kingsley, English novelist -- Rudyard Kipling, English author -- Alexander O. Kovalevski, Russian biologist -- Sergei Mikhailovich Kravchinsky, Russian author and revolutionary -- Peter Kropotkin, Russian revolutionary and geographer -- L -- Jacques Lacan, French psychoanalyst.

Paul Lafargue, French Marxist author and revolutionary activist.