Counseling and Psychotherapy: Theories and Interventions -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Meet the Editors -- Meet the Contributors -- Part 1: Foundations for Individual Counselling and Psychotherapy -- Chapter 1: Helping Relationships: From Core Dimensions to Brief Approaches -- DEFINITIONS AND DESCRIPTIONS -- HELPING RELATIONSHIPS: STAGES -- HELPING RELATIONSHIPS: CORE CONDITIONS -- Empathic Understanding -- Respect and Positive Regard -- Genuineness and Congruence -- Concreteness -- Warmth -- Immediacy -- HELPING RELATIONSHIPS: STRATEGIES -- Strategies That Build Rapport and Encourage Client Dialogue -- Strategies That Aid in Data Gathering -- Strategies That Add Depth and Enhance the Relationship -- CROSS-CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS -- BRIEF APPROACHES: AN OVERVIEW -- Brief Problem-Focused Therapy -- Brief Solution-Focused Therapy -- Solution-Oriented and Possibility Therapy -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: Diversity and Social Justice Issues in Counseling and Psychotherapy -- DEFINITIONS -- DIVERSITY IN TODAY'S SOCIETY -- MULTICULTURAL AND SOCIAL JUSTICE COUNSELING PERSPECTIVES -- Multicultural Counseling -- Social Justice Counseling -- KEY CONCEPTS OF COUNSELING WITH DIVERSE CLIENTS -- Understanding Diverse Clients Through the Oppression Model -- Understanding Diverse Clients Through Social Identity Development -- Understanding Diverse Clients Through Worldview -- DIVERSITY AND THE COUNSELING PROCESS -- The Counseling Relationship -- Counseling Goals -- Appropriate Counseling Interventions With Diverse Clients -- BECOMING A DIVERSITY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE COMPETENT COUNSELOR -- Diversity-Competent Counselor -- Social Justice Competent Counselor -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Part 2: Theories of Counselling and Psychotherapy -- Chapter 3: Psychoanalytic Theory -- BACKGROUND -- HUMAN NATURE -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS.

Id, Ego, and Superego -- Psychosexual Development -- Life and Death Instincts -- Defense Mechanisms -- Transference and Countertransference -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations -- Summary Chart: Psychoanalytic Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: Jungian Analytical Theory -- BACKGROUND -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- Childhood: Characteristics and Therapeutic Interventions -- Adolescence -- Middle Age -- Old Age -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS: PERSONALITY THEORY -- The Personal Conscious -- The Personal Unconscious -- The Collective Unconscious -- Archetypes -- APPLICATIONS -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies: Jungian Therapy With Children and Adolescents -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Summary Chart: Jungian Analytical Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A JUNGIAN APPROACH -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: Adlerian Theory -- BACKGROUND -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- Early Development -- Birth Order and Family Constellation -- Early Recollections -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- Adler's Human Personality Theory -- Social Interest -- Emotions and Feelings -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research.

Limitations -- Summary Chart: Adlerian Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: AN ADLERIAN APPROACH -- Relationship and Encouragement -- Investigation -- Interpretation -- Reorientation -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6: Existential Theory -- BACKGROUND -- Approaches to Existentialism -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- A Worldview -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- Death -- Freedom -- Isolation -- Meaninglessness/Meaningfulness -- Authenticity and Vulnerability: Two Sides of the Existential Self -- Existential Relationships -- Hazards on the Journey -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations -- Summary Chart: Existential Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: AN EXISTENTIAL APPROACH -- Treatment/Intervention Plan -- Case Analysis -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7: Person-Centered Theory -- BACKGROUND -- Carl L. Rogers -- Theory Background -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- People Are Trustworthy -- Movement Toward Actualization -- Inner Resources -- Individually Perceived World -- Interaction With External Factors -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- No Two People See the World Exactly Alike -- Empathic Understanding Is Critical -- People Make Simple Mistakes in Judgment -- Place Confidence in the Client -- Perceived World of the Client May Not Approximate the World Sought -- Congruent Individuals Trust Their Worldview -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations.

Summary Chart: Person-Centered Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A PERSON-CENTERED APPROACH -- Maria's Phenomenological World -- Actualizing Tendencies -- The Counselor's Role -- Expectations for Progress -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8: Gestalt Theory -- BACKGROUND -- Frederick (Fritz) Perls -- Laura Perls -- Paul Goodman -- Phenomenology, Existentialism, Field Theory, Dialogue, and Gestalt Therapy -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- Field Theory: Organism and Environment -- Differentiation and Contact -- Confluence -- Boundaries -- Dichotomies and Polarities -- Foreground and Background -- Awareness -- Responsibility -- Shoulds -- I-Thou, What and How, Here and Now -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations -- Summary Chart: Gestalt Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A GESTALT APPROACH -- Case Conceptualization -- Treatment Plan -- Experiments -- Chapter 9: Cognitive-Behavioral Theories -- BACKGROUND -- Watson and the Beginnings of Behavioral Theory -- Skinner and Operant Conditioning -- Wolpe and Systematic Desensitization -- A Brief History of Cognitive Therapy -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- The Importance of Cognitions -- The Importance of Learning -- The Importance of Operational Definitions and Functional Analysis -- The Importance of Therapeutic Empathy -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy: Case Conceptualization -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations.

EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations -- Summary Chart: Cognitive-Behavioral Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL APPROACH -- Maria's Problem List -- Working Hypothesis -- Precipitating and Activating Situations -- Summary of Working Hypothesis -- Strengths and Assets -- Treatment Plan -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10: Dialectical Behavior Theory -- BACKGROUND -- HUMAN NATURE -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- Biosocial Theory -- Emotional Dysregulation and Validation -- The Four Skill Modules -- Dialectics -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations -- Summary Chart: Dialectical Behavior Theory -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A DIALECTICAL APPROACH -- Presenting Problem -- Course of Treatment -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 11: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy -- BACKGROUND -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- Theoretical Assumptions -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies -- Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues -- Cross-Cultural Considerations -- EVALUATION -- Overview -- Supporting Research -- Limitations -- Summary Chart: Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy -- THE CASE OF MARIA: A RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY APPROACH -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 12: Reality Therapy/Choice Theory -- BACKGROUND -- HUMAN NATURE: A DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE -- MAJOR CONSTRUCTS -- APPLICATIONS -- Overview -- Goals of Counseling and Psychotherapy -- The Process of Change -- Traditional Intervention Strategies -- Brief Intervention Strategies.

Clients With Serious Mental Health Issues.