Photochemistry -- Contents -- Introduction and Review of the Year -- Part I Physical Aspects of Photochemistry -- Photophysical Processes in Condensed Phases -- 1 Introduction -- 2 General Aspects of Photophysical Processes -- 3 Theoretical and Kinetic Considerations -- 4 Photophysical Processes in Liquid or Solid Media -- 4.1 Detection of Single Molecules -- 4.2 Radiative and Nonradiative Decay Processes -- 4.3 Amplitude or Torisional Motion -- 4.4 Quenching of Excited States -- 4.4.1 Electron-transfer Reactions -- 4.4.2 Energy-transfer Reactions -- 4.5 Photophysics of Fullerenes -- 5 Applications of Photophysics -- 6 Advances in Instrument Design and Utilization -- 6.1 Instrumentation -- 6.2 Data Analysis -- References -- Part II Organic Aspects of Photochemistry -- Chapter 1 Photolysis of Carbonyl Compounds -- 1 Norrish Type I Reactions -- 2 Norrish Type II Reactions -- 2.1 1,5-Hydrogen Transfer -- 2.2 Other Hydrogen Transfers -- 3 Oxetane Formation -- 4 Miscellaneous Reactions -- 4.1 SET Processes -- 4.2 Decarbonylation and Decarboxylation -- 4.3 Reactions of Miscellaneous Haloketones -- 4.4 Photodeprotection -- 4.5 Other Fission Processes -- References -- Chapter 2 Enone Cycloadditions and Rearrangements: Photoreactions of Dienones and Quinones -- 1 Cycloaddition Reactions -- 1.1 Intermolecular Cycloaddition -- 1.1.1 Open-chain Systems -- 1.1.2 Additions to Cyclopentenones and Related Systems -- 1.1.3 Additions to Cyclohexenones and Related Systems -- 1.2 Intramolecular Additions -- 1.2.1 Intramolecular Additions to Cyclopentenones -- 1.2.2 Additions to Cyclohexenones and Related Systems -- 2 Rearrangement Reactions -- 2.1 α,β-Unsaturated Systems -- 2.1.1 Isomerization -- 2.1.2 Hydrogen Abstraction Reactions -- 2.1.3 Rearrangement Reactions -- 2.2 β,γ-Unsaturated Systems -- 2.2.1 The Oxa Di-π-methane Reaction and Related Processes.

3 Photoreactions of Thymines and Related Compounds -- 3.1 Photoreactions of Pyridones -- 3.2 Photoreactions of Thymines, etc. -- 4 Photochemistry of Dienones -- 4.1 Cross-conjugated Dienones -- 4.2 Linearly Conjugated Dienones -- 5 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-Diketones -- 5.1 Reactions of 1,2-Diketones -- 5.2 Reactions of 1,3-Diketones -- 5.3 Reactions of 1,4-Diketones -- 5.3.1 Phthalimides and Related Compounds -- 5.3.2 Fulgides and Fulgimides -- 6 Quinones -- 6.1 o-Quinones -- 6.2 p-Quinones -- References -- Chapter 3 Photochemistry of Alkenes, Alkynes and Related Compounds -- 1 Reactions of Alkenes -- 1.1 cis, trans-Isomerization -- 1.1.1 Stilbenes and Related Compounds -- 1.2 Miscellaneous Reactions -- 1.2.1 Addition Reactions -- 1.2.2 Electron Transfer Processes -- 1.2.3 Other Processes -- 2 Reactions Involving Cyclopropane Rings -- 2.1 The Di-π-methane Rearrangement and Related Processes -- 2.2 Other Reactions Involving Cyclopropane Rings -- 2.2.1 SET Induced Reactions -- 2.2.2 Miscellaneous Reactions Involving Three-membered Ring Compounds -- 3 Reactions of Dienes and Trienes -- 3.1 Vitamin D Analogues -- 4 (2 +2)-Intramolecular Additions -- 5 Dimerization and Intermolecular Additions -- 5.1 Dimerization -- 6 Miscellaneous Reactions -- 6.1 Miscellaneous Rearrangements and Bond Fission Processes -- References -- Chapter 4 Photochemistry of Aromatic Compounds -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Isomerisation Reactions -- 3 Addition Reactions -- 4 Substitution Reactions -- 5 Cyclisation Reactions -- 6 Dimerisation Reactions -- 7 Lateral Nuclear Shifts -- 8 Miscellaneous Photochemistry -- References -- Chapter 5 Photo-reduction and -oxidation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Reduction of the Carbonyl Group -- 3 Reduction of Nitrogen-containing Compounds -- 4 Miscellaneous Reductions -- 5 Singlet Oxygen -- 6 Oxidation of Aliphatic Compounds -- 7 Oxidation of Aromatic Compounds.

8 Oxidation of Nitrogen-containing Compounds -- 9 Miscellaneous Oxidations -- References -- Chapter 6 Photoreactions of Compounds Containing Heteroatoms Other than Oxygen -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Nitrogen-containing Compounds -- 2.1 E,Z-Isomerisation -- 2.2 Photocyclisation -- 2.3 Photoaddition -- 2.4 Rearrangements -- 2.5 Other Processes -- 3 Sulfur-containing Compounds -- 4 Compounds Containing Other Heteroatoms -- 4.1 Silicon -- 4.2 Other Elements -- References -- Chapter 7 Photoelimination -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Elimination of Nitrogen from Azo Compounds and Analogues -- 3 Elimination of Nitrogen from Diazo Compounds and Diazirines -- 3.1 Generation of Alkyl and Cycloalkyl Carbenes -- 3.2 Generation of Aryl Carbenes -- 3.3 Photolysis of α-Diazo Carbonyl Compounds -- 4 Elinination of Nigrogen from Azides and Related Compounds -- 4.1 Aryl Azides -- 4.2 Heteroaryl Azides -- 5 Photoelimination of Carbon Monoxide -- 5.1 Photoelimination of CO from Organometallic Compounds -- 6 Photoelimination of Carbon Dioxide -- 6.1 Asymmetric Photodecarboxylations -- 7 Photoelimination of NO and NO2 -- 8 Miscellaneous Photoeliminations and Photofragmentations -- 8.1 Photolysis of o-Nitrobenzyl Derivatives -- 8.2 Photofragmentations of 3- and 4-Membered Rings -- 8.3 Photofragmentations of Organosulfur Compounds -- 8.4 Photofragmentations of Organosilicon Compounds -- 8.5 Photofragmentations Involving Cleavage of Carbon-Metal Bonds -- 8.6 Other Photofragmentations -- References -- Part III Polymer Photochemistry -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Photopolymerisation -- 2.1 Photoinitiated Addition Polymerisation -- 2.2 Photografting -- 2.3 Photocrosslinking -- 3 Luminescence and Optical Properties -- 4 Photodegradation and Photooxidation Processes in Polymers -- 4.1 Polyolefins -- 4.2 Poly(vinyl halides) -- 4.3 Poly(acrylates) and (alkyl acrylates) -- 4.4 Polyamides and Polyimides.

4.5 Poly(alkyl and aromatic ethers) -- 4.6 Polyesters -- 4.7 Silicone Polymers -- 4.8 Poly(styrenes) and Copolymers -- 4.9 Polyurethanes and Rubbers -- 4.10 Polyketones -- 4.11 Photoablation of Polymers -- 4.12 Natural Polymers -- 4.13 Miscellaneous Polymers -- 5 Photostabilisation of Polymers -- 6 Photochemistry of Dyed and Pigmented Polymers -- References -- Part IV Photochemical Aspects of Solar Energy Conversion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Homogeneous Photosystems -- 3 Heterogeneous Photosystems -- 4 Photoelectrochemical Cells -- 5 Biological Systems -- 6 Luminescent Solar Concentrators -- References -- Part V Artificial Photosynthesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Primary Photochemical Reactions -- 2.1 Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Molecular Dyads and Higher-order Analogues -- 2.1.1 Theory -- 2.1.2 Photoactive Dyads -- 2.1.3 Photoactive Triads -- 2.2 Light-induced Energy Transfer in Model Systems -- 2.3 Fullerene-based Molecular Systems -- 3 Environmental Effects on Rates of Electron Transfer -- 4 Energy Transfer in Pigment Clusters -- 5 Miscellaneous Photosystems -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Author Index.