Contents -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Performance-grammar correspondences: a hypothesis -- 1.2 Predictions of the PGCH -- 1.3 Efficiency and complexity -- 1.4 Issues of explanation -- 1.5 The challenge of multiple preferences -- 2 Linguistic Forms, Properties, and Efficient Signaling -- 2.1 Forms and properties -- 2.2 Property assignments in combinatorial and dependency relations -- 2.3 Efficiency and complexity in form-property signaling -- 3 Defining the Efficiency Principles and their Predictions -- 3.1 Minimize Domains (MiD) -- 3.2 Minimize Forms (MiF) -- 3.2.1 The logic of MiF -- 3.2.2 Form minimization predictions -- 3.2.3 Maximize the ease of processing enrichments -- 3.3 Maximize On-line Processing (MaOP) -- 3.3.1 Unassignments and misassignments -- 3.3.2 The quantitative metric -- 3.3.3 Predictions for performance and grammars -- 4 More on Form Minimization -- 4.1 Greenberg's markedness hierarchies -- 4.2 Markedness hierarchies in diachrony -- 4.2.1 Morphological inventory predictions -- 4.2.2 Declining distinctions predictions -- 4.3 Grammaticalization and processing -- 4.4 The grammaticalization of definiteness marking -- 4.4.1 Semantic/pragmatic extensions -- 4.4.2 Syntactic extensions -- 4.5 Processing enrichments through structural parallelism -- 4.6 The principle of conventionalized dependency -- 5 Adjacency Effects Within Phrases -- 5.1 EIC preferences for adjacency in performance -- 5.1.1 EIC in head-initial structures -- 5.1.2 EIC in head-final structures -- 5.2 Multiple preferences for adjacency in performance -- 5.2.1 Multiple preferences in English -- 5.2.2 Multiple preferences in Japanese -- 5.2.3 Total domain differentials -- 5.3 EIC preferences for adjacency in grammars -- 5.3.1 The Greenbergian correlations -- 5.3.2 Other ordering universals -- 5.4 Multiple preferences for adjacency in grammars.

5.5 Competitions between domains and phrases -- 5.5.1 Relative clause extrapositions in German -- 6 Minimal Forms in Complements/Adjuncts and Proximity -- 6.1 Minimal formal marking in performance -- 6.1.1 Wh, that/zero relativizers -- 6.1.2 Other alternations -- 6.2 Minimal formal marking in grammars -- 6.3 Morphological typology and Sapir's 'drift' -- 7 Relative Clause and Wh-movement Universals -- 7.1 The grammar and processing of filler-gap dependencies -- 7.2 The Keenan-Comrie Accessibility Hierarchy -- 7.2.1 Performance support for the FGD complexity ranking -- 7.2.2 Grammatical support for the FGD complexity ranking -- 7.3 Wh-fronting and basic word order -- 7.4 Other complexity hierarchies -- 7.4.1 A clause-embedding hierarchy -- 7.4.2 Reduce additional syntactic processing -- 7.4.3 Reduce additional semantic processing -- 7.5 MaOP effects -- 7.5.1 Fillers First -- 7.5.2 Relative clause ordering asymmetries -- 7.5.3 Grammatical conventions that facilitate filler-gap processing -- 7.6 That-trace in English and processing enrichments in Japanese -- 8 Symmetries, Asymmetric Dependencies, and Earliness Effects -- 8.1 Some cross-linguistic generalizations -- 8.1.1 Symmetries -- 8.1.2 Asymmetries -- 8.2 Asymmetric dependencies -- 8.2.1 Antecedent precedes anaphor -- 8.2.2 Subjects precede direct objects -- 8.2.3 Topic to the left of a dependent predication -- 8.2.4 Restrictive before appositive relatives -- 8.3 Symmetrical dependencies -- 8.4 A hypothesis for symmetries and asymmetries -- 8.5 Morphosyntactic asymmetries -- 8.6 Processing in relation to antisymmetry in formal grammar -- 9 Conclusions -- 9.1 Support for the PGCH -- 9.2 The performance basis of grammatical generalizations -- 9.3 The ultimate causality of the performance-grammar preferences -- 9.4 Some further issues -- 9.5 Acquisition and learnability -- References -- Author Index.

A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z -- Language Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z -- Subject Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z.