Holographic Data Storage: From Theory to Practical Systems -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The Road to Holographic Data Storage -- 1.2 Holographic Data Storage -- 1.2.1 Why Now? -- 1.2.2 Focus of the Book -- 1.2.3 Other Examples of System using the InPhase Architecture -- 1.3 Holographic Data Storage Markets -- 1.3.1 Professional Archival Storage -- 1.3.2 Consumer Applications -- 1.4 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 Introduction to Holographic Data Recording -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Brief History of Holography -- 2.3 Holographic Basics -- 2.3.1 Introduction -- 2.3.2 Using Holography for Data Storage -- 2.4 Volume Holograms -- 2.4.1 Introduction -- 2.4.2 Kogelnik's Coupled Wave Equations -- 2.4.3 k-Space Formalism -- 2.5 Multiplexing Techniques -- 2.5.1 Introduction -- 2.5.2 Bragg-Based Techniques -- 2.5.3 Momentum-Based Techniques -- 2.5.4 Correlation-Based Techniques -- 2.5.5 Combinations of Multiplexing Methods -- 2.6 Address Space Limitations on Holographic Densities -- 2.7 Summary -- References -- 3 Drive Architectures -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Collinear/Coaxial Architecture -- 3.2.1 Introduction -- 3.2.2 Coaxial Architecture -- 3.2.3 Collinear Architecture -- 3.3 InPhase Architecture -- 3.3.1 Introduction -- 3.3.2 Angle-Polytopic, Phase Conjugate Architecture (InPhase Architecture) -- 3.4 Monocular Architecture -- 3.4.1 Introduction -- 3.4.2 Monocular Implementation -- 3.4.3 Experimental System -- 3.4.4 Preliminary Experimental Results -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Drive Components -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Laser -- 4.2.1 Initial Tapestry Drive Laser Specification -- 4.2.2 Optical System Configuration -- 4.2.3 Electronics -- 4.2.4 Mode Sensor -- 4.2.5 Power Sensor -- 4.2.6 Wavelength Sensor -- 4.2.7 Characteristics of Optical Power and Tuning Range.

4.2.8 Probability of Single-mode Operation -- 4.2.9 Laser Mode Servo -- 4.2.10 Lifetime of AR Coated Laser Diode -- 4.2.11 Future Developments -- 4.3 SLM -- 4.3.1 Introduction -- 4.3.2 Available SLM Technologies -- 4.3.3 Tapestry Drive SLM Specifications -- 4.3.4 Consumer SLM Specification -- 4.4 Image Sensor -- 4.4.1 Introduction -- 4.4.2 Tapestry Drive CMOS Sensor -- 4.4.3 Image Sensors for Consumer HDS -- 4.5 Beam Scanners -- 4.5.1 Introduction -- 4.5.2 Galvanometer -- 4.5.3 Mechanical Based Scanners -- 4.5.4 MEMs Scanners -- 4.5.5 Liquid Crystal Based Scanners -- 4.5.6 Acousto-Optic Beam Scanner -- 4.6 Isoplanatic Lenses -- 4.6.1 Introduction -- 4.6.2 Characteristics of Isoplanatic Lenses -- 4.6.3 Extremely Isoplanatic Holographic Storage Lens -- 4.6.4 Examples - Symmetric and Asymmetric Phase Conjugation -- 4.6.5 Lens Design Notes: Phase Conjugation and Extreme Isoplanatism -- 4.7 Polytopic Filter -- 4.7.1 Introduction -- 4.7.2 Current Polytopic Filter -- 4.7.3 Mechanical Filtering -- 4.7.4 Interference Filters -- 4.7.5 Thin Film Coating on Curved Surface -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Materials for Holography -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Requirements for Materials for HDS -- 5.2.1 Index Change (M/#) -- 5.2.2 Dimensional Stability -- 5.2.3 Photosensitivity -- 5.2.4 Scatter -- 5.2.5 Absorption Properties -- 5.2.6 Birefringence -- 5.2.7 Optical Quality -- 5.2.8 Manufacturability -- 5.3 Candidate Material Systems -- 5.3.1 Photorefractive Materials -- 5.3.2 Photoaddressable Systems -- 5.3.3 Photochromic Systems -- 5.3.4 Photopolymer Systems -- 5.3.5 Other Materials -- 5.4 Summary -- References -- 6 Photopolymer Recording Materials -- 6.1 Introduction to Photopolymers -- 6.1.1 The Holographic Recording Process -- 6.1.2 General Characteristics of Photopolymers -- 6.1.3 Tapestry Two-Chemistry Photopolymer Materials -- 6.2 Photopolymer Design.

6.2.1 Host Matrix Systems of Photopolymers -- 6.2.2 Photoreactive System of Photopolymers -- 6.3 Holographic Recording in Photopolymers -- 6.3.1 Hologram Formation Through Diffusion in Photopolymers -- 6.3.2 General Use in a HDS System -- 6.4 Rewritable -- References -- 7 Media Manufacturing -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Tapestry Media Overview -- 7.2.1 Overview of Disk Structure -- 7.3 Media Manufacturing Process -- 7.3.1 Flow of the Manufacturing Process -- 7.3.2 Molding of Substrates -- 7.3.3 Anti-Reflection Coating -- 7.3.4 Hub and Inner Sealing -- 7.3.5 Bonding -- 7.3.6 Edge and Center Plug Sealing -- 7.3.7 Cartridging -- 7.4 Specifications for the Tapestry Media -- 7.4.1 Substrates -- 7.4.2 Recording Layer Pitch error (mrad) -- 7.4.3 Assembled Media -- 7.4.4 Media Performance and Characteristics -- 7.5 Manufacturing of Higher Performance Tapestry Media -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Media Testing -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Plane Wave Material Testing -- 8.2.1 Introduction -- 8.2.2 Plane Wave Tester Set-up -- 8.2.3 Measurements and Analysis -- 8.2.4 Two Plane Wave Material Testing -- 8.3 Bulk Index Measurements -- 8.4 Scatter Tester -- 8.5 Spectrophotometers/Spectrometers -- 8.6 Scanning Index Microscope -- 8.6.1 Overview -- 8.6.2 System Layout -- 8.6.3 System Response -- 8.6.4 Experimental Example -- 8.7 Interferometers -- 8.8 Research Edge Wedge Tester -- 8.9 Defect Detection -- 8.10 Digital Testing of Media Properties -- 8.10.1 Scatter -- 8.10.2 Media Sensitivities and M/# Usage -- 8.10.3 Media Timing Tests -- 8.10.4 Media Termination Test -- 8.11 Accelerated Lifetime Testing -- 8.11.1 Introduction -- 8.11.2 Media Shelf Life Testing -- 8.11.3 Disk Archive Testing -- 8.11.4 Edge Seal Testing -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 9 Tapestry Drive Implementation -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Optical Implementation -- 9.2.1 Architecture.

9.2.2 Field Replaceable Unit (FRU) -- 9.2.3 Shutter -- 9.2.4 Optical Divider -- 9.2.5 Data Path -- 9.2.6 Reference Path -- 9.2.7 Cure System and Toaster -- 9.3 Mechanical Implementation -- 9.3.1 Loader -- 9.3.2 Cooling -- 9.3.3 Integrated Vibration Isolation System and Sway Space -- 9.4 Electronics and Firmware -- 9.4.1 Electronics -- 9.4.2 Firmware -- 9.5 Basic Build Process -- 9.5.1 Overview -- 9.5.2 Drive Alignment for Interchange -- 9.6 Defect Detection -- 9.7 Read and Write Transfer Rate Models -- 9.7.1 Simple Write Transfer Rate Model -- 9.7.2 Simple Read Transfer Rate Model -- 9.8 Summary -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 10 Data Channel Modeling -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Physical Model -- 10.2.1 Introduction -- 10.2.2 Details of Model -- 10.2.3 Quality Metrics for the Model -- 10.2.4 Implementation Details and Effects of Parameter Variations -- 10.3 Channel Identification -- 10.3.1 Introduction -- 10.3.2 Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear Channel Identification -- 10.4 Simple Channel Models -- 10.4.1 Amplitude Model -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 11 Data Channel -- 11.1 Overview -- 11.2 Data Page Formatting -- 11.2.1 Sync Marks -- 11.2.2 Headers (Bar Codes) -- 11.2.3 Reserved Blocks -- 11.2.4 Border Regions -- 11.2.5 Data Interleaving -- 11.2.6 Modulation -- 11.3 Data Channel Metrics -- 11.3.1 Signal to Noise Ratio -- 11.3.2 Centroid Calculation -- 11.3.3 Intensity Metrics -- 11.3.4 Signal to Scatter Ratio -- 11.4 Oversampled Detection -- 11.4.1 Introduction -- 11.4.2 Resampling Process -- 11.4.3 Alignment Measurement Method -- 11.4.4 Experimental Results -- 11.5 Page Level Error Correction -- 11.5.1 Log Likelihood Ratio -- 11.5.2 Page Level ECC -- 11.6 Fixed-Point Simulation of Data Channel -- 11.7 Logical Format -- 11.7.1 Introduction -- 11.7.2 Terminology -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 12 Future Data Channel Research.

12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Homodyne Detection -- 12.2.1 Introduction -- 12.2.2 Local Oscillator Generation -- 12.2.3 Quadrature Image Pairs -- 12.2.4 Estimating Phase Difference Δφ(x, y) -- 12.2.5 Quadrature Image Combination -- 12.2.6 Quadrature Image Resampling -- 12.2.7 Coherent Noise Linearization -- 12.2.8 Simulation Results -- 12.2.9 Phase Sensitivity Issues -- 12.2.10 Local Oscillator and Hologram Alignment -- 12.2.11 Adaptive Homodyne Detection -- 12.3 Phase Quadrature Holographic Multiplexing -- 12.3.1 Phase-Quadrature Recording -- 12.3.2 Phase-Quadrature Recovery -- 12.3.3 Reserved Block Equalization -- 12.3.4 Simulation of Phase-Quadrature Decoding -- 12.3.5 Summary of Improvements -- 12.4 Other Research Directions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 13 Writing Strategies and Disk Formatting -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Media Consumption -- 13.2.1 Introduction -- 13.2.2 Minimizing the Hologram Size -- 13.2.3 FT Lens Design -- 13.2.4 Phase Mask -- 13.2.5 Short Stacking -- 13.2.6 Skip Sorted Recording Within and Between Tracks -- 13.2.7 Angular Scheduling of Holograms in a Book -- 13.2.8 Angular Fractional Page Interleaving -- 13.3 Scheduling and Write Pre-compensation -- 13.3.1 Introduction -- 13.3.2 Basic Scheduling -- 13.3.3 Pre-cure Calibration -- 13.3.4 Write Pre-compensation Process -- 13.3.5 Thermal Effects on Schedule -- 13.4 Media Formatting -- 13.4.1 Introduction -- 13.4.2 Considerations -- 13.4.3 Format Types with Examples -- 13.4.4 Format Files -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 14 Servo and Drive Control -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Holographic System Tolerances -- 14.2.1 Introduction -- 14.2.2 Experimental and Modeled Tolerances -- 14.2.3 Tolerance Summary -- 14.2.4 Tolerance Analysis -- 14.3 Algorithms -- 14.3.1 Introduction -- 14.3.2 Theory of Thermal and Pitch Compensation -- 14.3.3 Dither Align -- 14.3.4 Wobble Servo.

14.3.5 Other Algorithms.