FOREWORD -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1. ECONOMIC AND LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE: SIGNS OF RECOVERY -- INTRODUCTION -- A. MACROECONOMIC TRENDS: A REBOUND IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY -- B. LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE -- C. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- 2. PRODUCTIVITY AND COMPETITIVENESS: TRENDS, DETERMINANTS AND POSSIBLE WAYS FORWARD -- INTRODUCTION -- A. FACTORS UNDERLYING THE TRENDS IN PRODUCTIVITY AND COMPETITIVENESS -- B. TIGHT CREDIT MARKETS: EFFECTS ON INVESTMENTS AND EMPLOYMENT -- C. FIRMS' DEMOGRAPHY AND BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT -- D. POLICY CONSIDERATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3. RE-ORIENTING LABOUR MARKET POLICIES FOR IMPROVED EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL OUTCOMES -- INTRODUCTION -- A. JOB QUALITY, POVERTY AND LABOUR MARKET POLARIZATION: A GROWING CONCERN -- B. THE ROLE OF LABOUR MARKET POLICIES AND PUBLIC EMPLOYMENT SERVICES IN PROMOTING RECOVERY -- C. POLICY CONSIDERATIONS -- APPENDIX 1: SUMMARY OF KEY REFORMS IN SPAIN -- EMPLOYMENT PROTECTION -- COLLECTIVE BARGAINING/WAGE SETTING -- JOB PROMOTION -- JOB QUALITY -- SOCIAL SECURITY -- ACTIVE LABOUR MARKET POLICIES -- PENSIONS -- BUILDING RECOVERY THROUGH SOCIAL DIALOGUE -- A REVIVING SOCIAL DIALOGUE AS AN ENABLER OF RECOVERY -- REFERENCES -- 4. BUILDING RECOVERY THROUGH SOCIAL DIALOGUE AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING -- INTRODUCTION -- A. REVIVING SOCIAL DIALOGUE AS AN ENABLER OF RECOVERY -- B. COLLECTIVE BARGAINING: RECENT REFORM PROCESSES AND PRELIMINARY IMPACTS -- C. POLICY CONSIDERATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5. TOWARDS AN EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL STRATEGY FOR SPAIN: BUILDING CONSENSUS, COMPLEMENTARITIES AND THE ROLE OF THE ILO -- INTRODUCTION -- A. BUILDING AN EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL STRATEGY: COMMON AREAS OF ACTION -- B. IMPLEMENTING AN EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL STRATEGY: THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS AND THE ILO.

REFERENCES -- FIGURES -- Figure 1.1 Real GDP growth, Q1 2007 to Q1 2014 -- Figure 1.2 Contribution to GDP growth by main component -- Figure 1.3 Share of exports to euro area and non-euro area countries -- Figure 1.4 Contribution to export growth by type of product in 2013 -- Figure 1.5 Change in gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP -- Figure 1.6 Public deficit/surplus and debt as a share of GDP -- Figure 1.7 GDP and employment growth in selected countries -- Figure 1.8 Employment losses by sector -- Figure 1.9 Dependent employment losses by type of contract -- Figure 1.10 Share of long-term unemployment in total unemployment -- Figure 1.11 Percentage change in the total number of operating enterprisesand self-employed workers -- Figure 1.12 Growth rate of employment by industry activity in 2013 -- Figure 2.1 Decomposition of changes in REER between 1999 and 2009 -- Figure 2.2 GDP growth by factor, 2007-2011 -- Figure 2.3 Growth rates of nominal wages in selected countries -- Figure 2.4 Average growth rate of real wages by economic sector -- Figure 2.5 ULC-based REER in selected countries, 2000-2014 -- Figure 2.6 Change in bank credit to non-financial corporations as a percentage of GDP in selected EU countries, 2003-2013 -- Figure 2.7 Interest rates on loans to non-financial corporations up to 0.25 million -- Figure 2.8 Access to finance and employment in SMEs, 2009-2011 -- Figure 2.9 Enterprise creation -- Figure 2.10 Survival rates at one and five years after firms' creation, 2009 and 2011 -- Figure 2.11 Employment growth in newly constituted enterprises, 2011 -- Figure 2.12 Labour market effects of a decrease in bank loan interest rates -- Figure 3.1 Number of self-employed, with and without employees, Q1 2008-Q1 2014* -- Figure 3.2 Expenditure in unemployment-related social protection as a share of GDP.

Figure 3.3 At-risk-of-poverty rate by status in 2013 -- Figure 3.4 Expenditure on ALMPs in Spain and selected countries, 2004-2011 -- Figure 3.6 Ratio of active to passive labour market policy expenditure, -- Figure 3.7 Relationship between PES staff servicing clients directly -- Figure 4.1 Duration of ultra-actividad in collective bargaining agreements (February 2012−April 2014), as a percentage of collective agreements -- TABLES -- Table 1.1 Labour market performance in Q2 2014 -- Table 2.1 Comparative performances between firms with and without PE and VC financing -- Table 2.2 Policy response to improve SMEs' access to finance -- Table 3.1 Incidence of involuntary workers (aged 15−64) in temporary and part-time employment in selected countries -- Table 3.2 Social protection beneficiaries -- Table 3.3 Estimated costs of implementing youth guarantee programmes in Europe -- Table 4.1 Achievements in tripartite social dialogue in Spain - historical overview -- Table 4.2 Variation of GDP, inflation and wage increases -- Table 4.3 Evolution of the minimum wage in Spain, 2009-2013185 -- BOXES -- Box 1.1 Poverty and inequality in Spain -- Box 2.1 Unit labour cost (ULC) and real effective exchange rate (REER): -- Box 2.2 The regulation of retail trade -- Box 2.3 The Spanish electricity sector -- Box 2.4 Starting a business: -- Box 2.5 The role of PE and VC in determining companies' performances -- Box 3.1 The 2012 labour market reform in Spain -- Box 3.3 Re-orienting Spain's suite of labour market programmes: -- Box 3.2 "Economically dependent self-employed": -- Box 3.4 Efficient implementation of youth guarantee programmes -- Box 4.1 Collective bargaining during the crisis -- Box 4.2 Spanish social partners' views on reforms in collective bargaining -- Box 4.3 Trends in wages negotiated through collective agreements.

Box 4.4 ILO supervisory mechanisms on collective bargaining -- Box 5.1 The case for a national employment strategy:.