Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Objective -- Context: Civil Remedies as One of Several Avenues to Asset Recovery -- Scope of the Book -- Audience -- Overview of Chapters -- 1. Civil Asset Recovery Litigation: Who May Sue and Be Sued-States as Plaintiffs and Possible Defendants -- A. States as Plaintiffs in Corruption Cases -- B. Defendants: Who Can Be Sued? -- 2. Hiring an Attorney: Steps, Considerations, and Fee Arrangements -- A. Identifying a Suitable Attorney -- B. Structuring a Fee Arrangement -- C. Litigation and Asset Recovery Funds -- D. Assistance from International Organizations -- 3. Choice of Forum: Where to Sue? -- A. Where Are the Assets, and Where Do the Defendants Have Contacts? -- B. Further Considerations -- 4. Types of Actions -- A. Proprietary Actions-State Asserts Claim to a Particular Asset -- B. Personal Claims-Claim against a Person -- 5. Civil Provisional Measures and Investigative Tools: How to Investigate and Freeze Assets -- A. Investigative Measures in Civil Asset Recovery Cases -- B. Securing the Assets: Provisional Measures in Civil Proceedings -- 6. Legal Tools for International Cooperation: How to Obtain the Supporting Evidence -- A. International Conventions Promoting International Cooperation -- B. Regional Instruments to Facilitate Mutual Legal Assistance -- C. Factors to Consider When Collecting Evidence in Foreign Jurisdictions -- 7. Damages and Compensation: How Much to Sue For? -- A. Methods Used to Quantify Compensation, Restitution, or Illicit Proceeds -- B. Beyond the Present-Emerging Theories -- 8. Enforcement and Collection of Judgments -- A. The Recognition and Enforcement of Civil Judgments in an International Context -- B. The Challenges of Collecting Civil Judgments -- 9. Using Insolvency, Receivership, or Similar Proceedings to Trace or Recover Assets.

A. Purpose of Insolvency or Similar Proceedings -- B. Using Insolvency Proceedings in Asset Recovery Cases -- 10. Conclusion -- Appendix A. Glossary -- Appendix B. Case Studies -- 1. Case of Mr. Diepreye Solomon Peter Alamieyeseigha (United Kingdom) -- 2. Zambian Government v. the former Zambian President, Frederick Chiluba (United Kingdom) -- 3. Kartika Ratna Thahir v. Pertamina (Singapore) -- 4. Federal Republic of Nigeria v. Joshua Dariye & Another (United Kingdom) -- 5. JSC BTA Bank v. Ablyazov & Others (United Kingdom) -- 6. Attorney General of Turks and Caicos Islands v. Star Platinum Island Ltd. et al. -- Appendix C. Table of Cases Mentioned -- 1. Core of text -- 2. Cases mentioned in footnotes -- Appendix D. Resources -- 1. Website Resources -- 2. Publications and Studies -- Boxes -- 1.1 States Are Legal Persons Entitled to Bring Claims: The Ferdinand Marcos Case (United States) -- 1.2 Standing in Courts of Foreign States: The Republic of Iraq v. ABB AG et al. (United States) -- 1.3 Nigeria's Successful Civil Suit in U.K. Courts: The Case of Diepreye Solomon Peter Alamieyeseigha (United Kingdom) -- 1.4 A Proprietary Claim by the Federal Republic of Brazil and the Municipality of São Paulo: Maluf Case in Jersey (Isle of Jersey) -- 1.5 A State-Owned Entity Obtains Bribe Money Held in a Foreign Bank Account through a Civil Claim in a Foreign Court: Kartika Ratna Thahir v. Pertamina (Singapore) -- 1.6 State as Civil Party: Tunisia Granted Status as Partie Civile in Switzerland and Other Countries in Criminal Cases Involving Stolen Assets -- 1.7 Claims under Property Law to Compensate Victims of Corruption: An Example from Bosnia and Herzegovina -- 1.8 An Example of the Principal/Agent Relationship: Continental Management v. United States (United States).

1.9 Liability of Law Firms Used to Allegedly Conceal Monies: Attorney General of Zambia v. Meer Care & Desai (a firm) & Ors. (United Kingdom) -- 2.1 Qualities of a Successful Asset Recovery Attorney -- 2.2 Identifying a Suitable Attorney -- 2.3 Considerations in Structuring a Fee Arrangement -- 2.4 Overview of Types of Fee Arrangements -- 3.1 Case with Assets Located in the United Kingdom and Rejection of the Argument That the Home Country of the Official Is More Appropriate: Federal Republic of Nigeria v. Joshua Dariye & Another (United Kingdom) -- 3.2 Successful Civil Suits in the U.K. Where the Money Was Located and Laundered: The Case of Frederick Chiluba (Zambia) -- 3.3 A Win by Default against One Defendant and a Loss for Lack of Personal Jurisdiction against Another in the U.S. Courts: Ukrvaktsina (Ukrainian State-owned entity) v. Olden Group, LLC and Interfarm, LLC -- 3.4 Winning a Substantial Amount through Settlement in the United States: Alba v. Alcoa Company (United States) -- 3.5 Court Applies Less-Favorable Foreign Law: Fiona Trust v. Dmitri Skarga and Others (United Kingdom) -- 4.1 State Recovers Property Bought with State Funds: State of Libya v. Capitana Seas Ltd. (United Kingdom) -- 4.2 State Recovers Real Estate and Bank Accounts: More on the Case of Nigeria v. Santolina Investment Corporation, Diepreye Alamieyeseigha & Others (United Kingdom) -- 4.3 Using "Constructive Trust" to Recover Bribes Paid to a Corrupt Official: AG of Hong Kong v. Reid (Hong Kong SAR, China) -- 4.4 Successful Proprietary Claim to Recover Bribes: More on Kartika Ratna Thahir v. Pertamina (Singapore) -- 4.5 Discussion on the Reasoning of Hong Kong v. Reid: Sinclair Investments v. Versailles -- 4.6 Claiming Back Funds in Quebec: Saroglou v. Canada.

4.7 Public Contract Void Based on Breach of International Public Policy: World Duty Free Company Limited v. The Republic of Kenya (2006) (ICSID) -- 4.8 Successful Claim to Void a Public Contract: Attorney General of Turks and Caicos Islands v. Star Platinum Island Ltd. et al. -- 4.9 Disgorgement of Profits for Breach of Contract: Attorney General v. Blake (United Kingdom) -- 4.10 Breach of Contract and Disgorgement of Profits under Swiss Law -- 4.11 Misappropriation as a Tort: Another Chiluba Case, the Zamtrop Conspiracy Case (United Kingdom) -- 4.12 Tortious Interference with Economic Advantage: Korea Supply Co. v. Lockheed Martin Corp. (United States) -- 4.13 More on Alamieyeseigha: Nigeria v. Santolina Investment Corp. & Ors. (United Kingdom and Nigeria) -- 4.14 State as Civil Party: Nigeria Awarded Damages as Partie Civile to Criminal Money Laundering Case against Nigerian Official (France) -- 4.15 Illustration of Some Options of a State Party to Proceedings before Criminal and Civil Courts in a Foreign Jurisdiction -- 5.1 Norwich Pharmacal Orders: Norwich Pharmacal Company and Others v. Customs and Excise Commissioners (United Kingdom) -- 5.2 Searches to Gather Evidence in Civil Lawsuits: Anton Piller Case (England) -- 5.3 The Ao Man Long Case (Macao SAR, China, and Hong Kong SAR, China) -- 5.4 A Defendant Fails to Disclose Assets: JSC BTA Bank v. Ablyazov & Others (United Kingdom) -- 5.5 An Example of a Third Party Disclosure Order: More on the Case of Nigeria v. Santolina Investment Corp., Diepreye Alamieyeseigha & Others (United Kingdom) -- 5.6 Mareva Injunctions and Worldwide Freezing Order -- 6.1 Using the Hague Conventions to Request Banking Documentation -- 6.2 Blocking Statutes: The Example of France -- 6.3 Personal Data Protection Laws within the European Union -- 6.4 Disclosure Obligations in Luxembourg and Switzerland.

7.1 Compensation for Loss from Entering Contracts under Unfavorable Terms: Fyffes Group Ltd. v. Templeman (United Kingdom) -- 7.2 Reputational and Moral Damages Caused by Corruption: Case of the City of Cannes against Ex-Mayor and Bribers -- 7.3 Recovery of the Total Amount of the Corrupt Contract: S. T. Grand Inc. v. City of New York (United States) -- 7.4 Restitution of the Sums Paid to the Contractor Minus the Value of Services Provided: Cameroon Airlines v. Transnet Ltd. -- 7.5 Example of the Net Revenue Method -- 7.6 Punitive Damages: County of San Bernardino et al. v. Kenneth Walsh et al. (United States) -- 7.7 The Notion of Social Damages to Obtain Full Compensation: The Example of Costa Rica -- 8.1 Enforcing a Worldwide Freezing Order Issued by a Foreign Court: A Decision of the Swiss Federal Supreme Court -- 8.2 More on the Case of Chiluba: Attorney General of Zambia v. Meer Care and Desai & Ors (United Kingdom) -- 8.3 Difficulty of Enforcement in Nigeria Supports U.K. Court's Decision to Keep Case in the United Kingdom: More on Federal Republic of Nigeria v. Joshua Dariye & Another (United Kingdom) -- 8.4 Kuwaiti Investment Organization/Sheikh Fahad Mohammed al-Sabah (United Kingdom) -- 8.5 Overview of the Execution Procedures in the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and Germany -- 8.6 A State Enters into a Contract with a Collection Company: A Cautionary Tale of Significant Fees Claimed by a Collection Company Working on Behalf of the Plaintiff State -- 9.1 How a Receiver Can Facilitate Asset Recovery: The Example of Tunisia -- 9.2 Use of a Receiver to Preserve Assets: More on JSC BTA Bank v. Ablyazov (United Kingdom) -- Figures -- 1.1 Corruption Harms Everybody -- 1.2 Who Can the Principal Sue in Bribery Cases? -- 2.1 Selecting an Attorney-The Caution Flags -- 2.2 Selecting an Attorney-The Green Lights.

2.3 For-Profit Litigation Funding for States in Asset Recovery Cases.