Cover -- Eco-efficient concrete -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributor contact details -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Part I Eco-efficiency of Portland cement concrete -- 1 Environmental impact of Portland cement production -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Description of the cement production process -- 1.3 Main impacts -- 1.4 Future trends -- 1.5 Conclusion -- 1.6 References -- 2 Lower binder intensity eco-efficient concretes -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Supplementary cementitious materials: limits and opportunities -- 2.3 Binder efficiency in concrete production -- 2.4 Conclusion and future trends -- 2.5 Acknowledgements -- 2.6 References and further reading -- 3 Life cycle assessment (LCA) aspects of concrete -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 General description of life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology -- 3.3 Life cycle assessment (LCA) of concrete: goal and scope definition -- 3.4 Life cycle assessment (LCA) of concrete - life cycle inventory (LCI) -- 3.5 Life cycle assessment (LCA) of concrete: life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) -- 3.6 Conclusion and future trends -- 3.7 Sources of further information and advice -- 3.8 Acknowledgement -- 3.9 References -- Part II Concrete with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) -- 4 Natural pozzolans in eco-efficient concrete -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Sources and availability -- 4.3 Pozzolanic activity -- 4.4 Properties of pozzolan-blended cement -- 4.5 Conclusion and future trends -- 4.6 Sources of further information and advice -- 4.7 Acknowledgements -- 4.8 References -- 5 Artificial pozzolans in eco-efficient concrete -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Sources and availability -- 5.3 Pozzolanic activity in waste -- 5.4 Physical and mechanical properties -- 5.5 Conclusion and future trends -- 5.6 Sources of further information and advice -- 5.7 Acknowledgements -- 5.8 References.

6 Tests to evaluate pozzolanic activity in eco-efficient concrete -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Methods for evaluating pozzolanic activity -- 6.3 Direct methods -- 6.4 Indirect methods -- 6.5 Comparison and guidelines -- 6.6 Conclusion and future trends -- 6.7 References -- 7 Properties of concrete with high-volume pozzolans -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Composition of natural pozzolans for high-volume natural pozzolan (HVNP) systems -- 7.3 Physical characteristics of finely ground natural pozzolans -- 7.4 Hydration characteristics and microstructure of high-volume natural pozzolan (HVNP) cementitious systems -- 7.5 Mixture proportions for high-volume natural pozzolan (HVNP) concrete -- 7.6 Properties of fresh and hardened high-volume natural pozzolan (HVNP) concrete -- 7.7 Future trends -- 7.8 References -- 8 Influence of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on concrete durability -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Influence of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on moisture transfer properties of concrete -- 8.3 Influence of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on concrete deterioration -- 8.4 Influence of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) on reinforced concrete deterioration -- 8.5 Future trends -- 8.6 Sources of further information and advice -- 8.7 References -- 9 Performance of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with high-volume supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Significance of using high-volume supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) in self-compacting concrete (SCC) -- 9.3 Properties of fresh self-compacting concrete (SCC) with high-volume supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) -- 9.4 Mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with high-volume supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs).

9.5 Durability of self-compacting concrete (SCC) with high-volume supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) -- 9.6 Future trends -- 9.7 References -- 10 High-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) concrete -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The use of high-volume ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) concrete -- 10.3 Composition and properties of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) concrete -- 10.4 Durability of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) concrete -- 10.5 Future trends -- 10.6 References and further reading -- 11 Recycled glass concrete -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Properties of fresh recycled glass concrete -- 11.3 Properties of hardened recycled glass concrete -- 11.4 Durability of recycled glass concrete -- 11.5 Conclusion and future trends -- 11.6 Sources of further information and advice -- 11.7 References and further reading -- Part III Concrete with non-reactive wastes -- 12 Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) concrete -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Composition -- 12.3 Combustion products -- 12.4 Hydration -- 12.5 Use in concrete: assessment and pre-treatment -- 12.6 Use in concrete: examples -- 12.7 Future trends -- 12.8 References and further reading -- 13 Concrete with polymeric wastes -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Concrete with scrap-tyre wastes -- 13.3 Concrete with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste -- 13.4 Other polymeric wastes -- 13.5 Conclusion -- 13.6 References -- 14 Concrete with construction and demolition wastes (CDW) -- 14.1 Introduction: use of construction and demolition wastes (CDW) in concrete -- 14.2 Management of construction waste -- 14.3 Recycled aggregates -- 14.4 Characteristics of concrete with recycled aggregates -- 14.5 Future trends -- 14.6 References and further reading -- 15 An eco-efficient approach to concrete carbonation -- 15.1 Introduction.

15.2 Carbonation evaluation -- 15.3 Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) -- 15.4 Recycled aggregates concrete (RAC) -- 15.5 References -- 16 Concrete with polymers -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Water-reducing admixtures for Portland cement concrete -- 16.3 Polymer-modified concrete (PMC) -- 16.4 Polymer-impregnated concrete (PIC) -- 16.5 Polymer concrete (PC) -- 16.6 Coatings -- 16.7 Adhesives -- 16.8 Future trends -- 16.9 References -- Part IV Future alternative binders and use of nano and biotech -- 17 Alkali-activated based concrete -- 17.1 Introduction: alkaline cements -- 17.2 Alkali activation of calcium-rich systems -- 17.3 Alkali activation of low calcium systems -- 17.4 Blended alkaline cements: hybrid cements -- 17.5 Future trends and technical challenges -- 17.6 Acknowledgement -- 17.7 References -- 18 Sulfoaluminate cement -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Types of calcium sulfoaluminate cements -- 18.3 Calcium sulfoaluminate clinkering -- 18.4 Hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate cements -- 18.5 Durability of calcium sulfoaluminate concretes -- 18.6 Future trends -- 18.7 Acknowledgements -- 18.8 References -- 19 Reactive magnesia cement -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Overview, history and development of reactive magnesia cements -- 19.3 Characterisation and properties -- 19.4 Performance in paste blends -- 19.5 Performance for different applications -- 19.6 Sustainable production of reactive magnesia cement -- 19.7 Future trends -- 19.8 References -- 20 Nanotechnology for eco-efficient concrete -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Nano-modification of cement-based materials -- 20.3 Dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTS) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) for use in cementitious composites -- 20.4 Mechanical properties -- 20.5 Mechanical properties at the nanoscale -- 20.6 Calcium-leaching with nanosilica particles addition.

20.7 Future trends -- 20.8 Acknowledgements -- 20.9 References -- 21 Biotechconcrete: An innovative approach for concrete with enhanced durability -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 Bacteria mineralization mechanisms -- 21.3 Bacterium types -- 21.4 Using bacteria as admixture in concrete -- 21.5 Concrete surface treatment -- 21.6 Future trends -- 21.7 References -- Index.