SMS and MMS Interworking in Mobile Networks -- Contents v -- Introduction xiii -- Chapter 1 Standard Procedures for SMS in GSM Networks 1 -- 1.1 GSM Network Architecture and Principle of the SMS Procedure 1 -- 1.2 Implementation of SMS Services 3 -- 1.3 MAP Dialogue Models at the Application Level 16 -- 1.4 SCCP Addresses: The Tool for Flexible International Roaming 18 -- 1.5 Mobility Procedures 19 -- 1.6 GPRS Procedures: The Gc Interface 23 -- 1.7 SMS Billing Records and Methods 23 -- 1.8 Load Test of an SMSC 26 -- Exercises 28 -- References 28 -- Chapter 2 SS7 Network and Protocol Layers 29 -- 2.1 History 29 -- 2.2 Efficient and Secure Worldwide Telecommunications 29 -- 2.3 MTP Protocol (OSI Layers 1-3) 30 -- 2.4 Signaling Connection Control Part 37 -- 2.5 Transaction Capability Application Part (TCAP) 42 -- 2.6 User-Level Application Parts: MAP, INAP, CAMEL 45 -- 2.7 SS7 and VoIP Interworking Overview SIGTRAN 51 -- 2.8 Conclusions 52 -- References 54 -- Chapter 3 Standard Procedures for SMS in IS-41 Networks 57 -- 3.1 Introduction 57 -- 3.2 Implementation of SMS Services 61 -- 3.3 IS-41 Procedure for SMS 63 -- 3.4 Interworking Between IS-41 and GSM 75 -- 3.5 Addressing HLRs in TDMA and CDMA Networks for SMS Interworking: Updating Point Code-Based Addressing Information 83 -- References 84 -- Chapter 4 Implementation of Mobile Number Portability and GSM-to-IS-41 Conversion 85 -- 4.1 Business Model 85 -- 4.2 Basics of Roaming Agreement Implementation 85 -- 4.3 Implementations of Number Portability 86 -- 4.4 SMS Routing Strategies for an SMS Interworking Operator to a Regulated MNP Country 91 -- 4.5 MNP for SMS in Countries That Have Both GSM and IS-41 Operators 92 -- 4.6 Identification of the Destination Network 96 -- References 99 -- Chapter 5 Barring Inbound SMS-MT 101 -- 5.1 Barring Inbound SMS-MT: An Important Business Issue 101.

5.2 Barring or Restricting the SMS-MO of One's Own Subscribers 104 -- 5.3 Intelligent Barring of SMS-MT 104 -- Chapter 6 Virtual SMSC Implementation and Transit Agreements 109 -- 6.1 Business Model 109 -- 6.2 Principle of the Virtual SMSC: Architecture and Billing of SMS-MO 109 -- 6.3 Detailed Implementation of the Virtual SMSC 112 -- 6.4 Implementation of Transit Agreements (SMS-MT) 114 -- 6.5 Super-Routing Gateway and Multiple Virtual SMSCs in the Same Equipment 120 -- Reference 121 -- Chapter 7 Connecting Mobile Operators for SMS-MO 123 -- 7.1 Business Need for an SMS Interworking Operator to Connect Multiple Mobile Operators 123 -- 7.2 Principle of the Virtual HLR/MSC Approach 123 -- 7.3 Configuration of the SMSC or GMSC to Route to the Third Party 127 -- 7.4 Creating Third-Party SCCP Routing When a GT Translation Is Unavailable 134 -- 7.5 Conclusion 136 -- Reference 136 -- Chapter 8 Connecting ASPs and ISPs with SMPP 137 -- 8.1 Introduction 137 -- 8.2 SMPP Sessions 137 -- 8.3 SMPP Commands 138 -- 8.4 Example of SMPP Sessions 138 -- 8.5 Example of Message Operations 138 -- 8.6 GSM IS-41 Interworking Through SMPP 143 -- Reference 144 -- Chapter 9 MMS Interworking 145 -- 9.1 Introduction 145 -- 9.2 Standard Model for MMS Sending and Receiving 145 -- 9.3 Standard Protocols for MMS 147 -- 9.4 MMS Interworking Architectures Using a Third Party 151 -- 9.5 Setting Up the MMS Profile in the Cell Phone 156 -- References 160 -- Chapter 10 Optimal Routing Algorithms for an SMS Interworking Network 161 -- 10.1 Maximizing the Margin of an SMS Interworking Network 161 -- 10.2 Enumerating All Loopless Paths with the Latin Multiplication Algorithms 161 -- 10.3 Shortest Path: Djsktra Algorithm 165 -- 10.4 Least Cost Path 165 -- 10.5 Least Trouble Path 165 -- 10.6 The Best Flow Problem-Not a Classical Graph Problem 165.

10.7 Example: Detailed Modeling of a Real SMS Interworking Network 172 -- References 176 -- Chapter 11 INAP and CAMEL Overview and Other Solutions for Prepaid SMS 177 -- 11.1 Use of CAMEL for SMS Prepaid Services 178 -- 11.2 Useful Subset of CAMEL Services for Prepaid Customers 179 -- 11.3 Implementation: Multiple-Protocol Services-Oriented Platform: CAMEL Gateways 184 -- 11.4 Example of Analyzer Traces of a CAMEL Transaction 185 -- 11.5 Other Solutions for Prepaid SMS 187 -- References 189 -- Chapter 12 USSD: A Still-Relevant Conversational Application Service 191 -- 12.1 USSD Advantages over SMS 191 -- 12.2 How Does Mobile-Initiated USSD Service Work? 191 -- 12.3 Example of USSD Service 194 -- 12.4 USSD Is Free: A Call-Back Application 195 -- Chapter 13 Location-Based Services 197 -- 13.1 Location-Based Services: Examples and Revenue Possibilities 197 -- 13.2 Mobile-Originated LBS 197 -- 13.3 Methods 198 -- 13.4 Other Methods: Mobile Measured Power Level 201 -- 13.5 3G UMTS Networks 202 -- 13.6 Best Estimate of a Location Using Hyperbolic n-Triangulation 203 -- 13.7 Main Results in the Theory of Resultants and Sturm's Theorem 206 -- References 213 -- Chapter 14 SMS-MO Premium Number Services and Architectures 215 -- 14.1 The Premium SMS-MO Number Business 215 -- 14.2 Virtual Roaming Subscriber Architecture 216 -- 14.3 SMS-MO with a Real SIM Card 218 -- 14.4 Short Code: A Costly and Time-Consuming Setup 218 -- 14.5 FSG Architecture 219 -- References 220 -- Chapter 15 Numbering Plan Creation and Maintenance Algorithms 221 -- 15.1 Purpose of Computing Numbering Plans for an SMS Interworking Network 221 -- 15.2 Entropy of a Numbering Plan as a Quality Indicator 222 -- 15.3 "Little Prince" Algorithm to Compute an HLR Numbering Plan 223 -- 15.4 MSC Search Problem 224 -- 15.5 Definitions and Properties 225.

15.6 Problem 1: Average Number of Searches for a Known N 228 -- 15.7 Problem 2: Estimate of the Probability That the Number of MSCs N = j 231 -- References 232 -- Chapter 16 Worked-Out Examples 233 -- 16.1 Example 1 233 -- 16.2 Example 2 250 -- 16.3 Example 3 268 -- 16.4 Example 4 268 -- 16.5 Example 5 269 -- 16.6 Example 6 270 -- 16.7 Example 7: Connection of a GSM to a Third-Party SMS Network 280 -- 16.8 Example 8: SMS Interworking Between CDMA Networks 294 -- Abbreviations and Acronyms 301 -- About the Authors 319 -- Index 321.