Table of Contents -- Preface -- Part One Basic Information about Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) -- Chapter 1 Definition and Origin of HIV and AIDS -- Chapter 2 HIV Stages and Types -- Section 2.1 The HIV Life Cycle -- Section 2.2 Stages of HIV Infection -- Section 2.3 Acute HIV Infection -- Section 2.4 HIV Types, Subtypes, Groups, and Strains -- Section 2.5 HIV Superinfection -- Chapter 3 How HIV Causes AIDS -- Chapter 4 HIV/AIDS: A Statistical Overview -- Section 4.1 HIV/AIDS Prevalence and Incidence in the United States and Worldwide -- Section 4.2 HIV/AIDS and Minority Populations -- Part Two HIV/AIDS Transmission, Risk Factors, and Prevention -- Chapter 5 HIV and Its Transmission: An Overview -- Chapter 6 Risky Behaviors and HIV -- Section 6.1 Alcohol Use and HIV Risk -- Section 6.2 Club Drug Use and HIV Risk -- Section 6.3 Injection Drug Use and HIV Risk -- Section 6.4 Sexual Risk Factors and HIV Transmission -- Section 6.5 Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV Risk -- Section 6.6 Tattoos and Piercings and HIV Risk -- Chapter 7 HIV Risk in the Healthcare Setting -- Section 7.1 Occupational Exposure -- Section 7.2 Patient Exposure -- Section 7.3 Blood Transfusion and Organ Donation Recipients -- Chapter 8 Other HIV Transmission Rumors and Risks -- Section 8.1 Insect Bites -- Section 8.2 Kissing, Biting, Scratching, or Spitting -- Section 8.3 Needle-Stick Injuries in a Non-Healthcare Setting -- Section 8.4 Sports -- Chapter 9 HIV/AIDS Risks and Prevention Strategies in Targeted Populations -- Section 9.1 Youth -- Section 9.2 Women -- Section 9.3 Men Who Have Sex with Men -- Section 9.4 Older Adults -- Section 9.5 Homeless Populations -- Section 9.6 Prison Populations -- Chapter 10 HIV/AIDS Prevention -- Section 10.1 Safer Sex -- Section 10.2 Circumcision -- Section 10.3 Protecting Our Blood Supply.

Section 10.4 Syringe Exchange Programs -- Section 10.5 Universal Precautions for Healthcare Workers -- Chapter 11 Preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV -- Chapter 12 HIV Vaccines and Microbicides -- Section 12.1 Preventive Vaccines -- Section 12.2 Microbicides -- Chapter 13 HIV Prophylaxis -- Section 13.1 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis -- Section 13.2 Post-Exposure Prophylaxis -- Part Three Receiving an HIV/AIDS Diagnosis -- Chapter 14 HIV Testing -- Section 14.1 HIV Testing Basics -- Section 14.2 HIV Testing Frequency and Window Period -- Section 14.3 Confidential and Anonymous Testing -- Section 14.4 Opt-Out Testing -- Section 14.5 Pre- and Post-Test Counseling -- Chapter 15 Types of HIV Diagnostic Tests -- Section 15.1 ELISA/Western Blot Tests -- Section 15.2 p24 Antigen Tests -- Section 15.3 Rapid Oral HIV Tests -- Section 15.4 HIV Home Test Kits -- Chapter 16 Understanding Your Test Results -- Section 16.1 What Do Your Test Results Mean? -- Section 16.2 Do You Have AIDS? -- Section 16.3 Signs and Symptoms of HIV and AIDS -- Chapter 17 You and Your HIV/AIDS Healthcare Provide: First Steps -- Section 17.1 Choosing a Provider -- Section 17.2 Questions to Ask Your Doctor -- Chapter 18 Navigating the Healthcare System: What You Need to Know -- Part Four Treatments and Therapies for HIV/AIDS -- Chapter 19 Antiretroviral Treatment -- Section 19.1 Introduction to HIV and AIDS Treatment -- Section 19.2 Starting Anti-HIV Medications -- Section 19.3 Recommended HIV Treatment Regimens -- Section 19.4 Deciding Which Drugs to Take -- Chapter 20 HIV/AIDS Treatment Adherence -- Chapter 21 HIV/AIDS Treatment Interruptions -- Chapter 22 Monitoring HIV/AIDS Treatment Success -- Section 22.1 Viral Load Test -- Section 22.2 CD4 Test -- Section 22.3 Drug Resistance Test -- Chapter 23 HIV/AIDS Treatment Side Effects -- Section 23.1 Common Side Effects.

Section 23.2 Hepatotoxicity and Lactic Acidosis -- Section 23.3 Hyperglycemia -- Section 23.4 Hyperlipidemia -- Section 23.5 Lipodystrophy -- Section 23.6 Mitochondrial Toxicity -- Section 23.7 Osteonecrosis,Osteoporosis, and Osteopenia -- Section 23.8 Peripheral Neuropathy -- Section 23.9 Skin Rash -- Chapter 24 Other HIV/AIDS Treatment Complications -- Section 24.1 Drug Interactions -- Section 24.2 Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome -- Chapter 25 HIV/AIDS Treatment Failure -- Section 25.1 What Is Treatment Failure? -- Section 25.2 Changing Your HIV Treatment Regimen -- Section 25.3 Salvage Therapy -- Chapter 26 Alternative and Complementary Therapies for HIV/AIDS -- Chapter 27 Medical Marijuana for HIV/AIDS -- Chapter 28 HIV/AIDS Treatments in Development -- Section 28.1 Acne Drug Prevents HIV Breakout -- Section 28.2 Gene Therapy Shows Promise against HIV -- Section 28.3 Immune Therapies -- Section 28.4 Therapeutic HIV Vaccines -- Chapter 29 HIV/AIDS Clinical Trials -- Chapter 30 HIV and AIDS Treatment for Children -- Chapter 31 HIV and AIDS Treatment for Pregnant Women -- Part Five Common Co-Occurring Infections and Complications of HIV/AIDS -- Chapter 32 Opportunistic Infections and Their Relationship to HIV/AIDS -- Chapter 33 Strategies for Managing Opportunistic Infections -- Chapter 34 HIV/AIDS and Co-Occurring Bacterial Infections -- Section 34.1 Bacillary Angiomatosis -- Section 34.2 Bacterial Pneumonia -- Section 34.3 Mycobacterium Avium Complex -- Section 34.4 Tuberculosis -- Chapter 35 HIV/AIDS and Co-Occurring Fungal Infections -- Section 35.1 Candidiasis -- Section 35.2 Cryptococcal Meningitis -- Section 35.3 Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia -- Chapter 36 HIV/AIDS and Co-Occurring Parasitic Infections -- Section 36.1 Cryptosporidiosis -- Section 36.2 Toxoplasmosis -- Chapter 37 HIV/AIDS and Co-Occurring Viral Infections.

Section 37.1 Cytomegalovirus -- Section 37.2 Herpes Simplex Virus -- Section 37.3 Herpes Zoster Virus -- Section 37.4 Human Papillomavirus -- Section 37.5 Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy -- Section 37.6 Viral Hepatitis -- Chapter 38 HIV/AIDS and Co-Occurring Cancer -- Section 38.1 HIV Infection and Cancer Risk -- Section 38.2 Kaposi Sarcoma -- Section 38.3 AIDS-Related Lymphoma -- Chapter 39 Other AIDS-Related Health Concerns -- Section 39.1 AIDS Dementia Complex -- Section 39.2 Oral Health Issues -- Section 39.3 HIV-Related Pain -- Section 39.4 Wasting Syndrome -- Part Six Living with HIV Infection -- Chapter 40 Coping with an HIV/AIDS Diagnosis -- Section 40.1 How to Cope: Things to Keep in Mind -- Section 40.2 Things You Can Do to Enhance Your Emotional Well-Being -- Section 40.3 Connecting with Others -- Chapter 41 Staying Healthy with Diet and Exercise When You Have HIV/AIDS -- Section 41.1 HIV and Nutrition -- Section 41.2 HIV and Exercise -- Chapter 42 Avoiding Infections When You Have HIV/AIDS -- Section 42.1 Preventing Infection from Pets -- Section 42.2 Safe Food and Water -- Section 42.3 Staying Healthy while Traveling -- Section 42.4 Vaccinations -- Chapter 43 Life Issues When You Have HIV/AIDS -- Section 43.1 Dating and HIV -- Section 43.2 Having Children -- Section 43.3 Aging with HIV/AIDS -- Chapter 44 HIV/AIDS Status Disclosure -- Section 44.1 Do You Have to Tell? Legal Disclosure Requirements and Other Considerations -- Section 44.2 Telling Your Spouse or Sexual Partners -- Section 44.3 Telling Your Family and Friends -- Section 44.4 Workplace Disclosure -- Section 44.5 Disclosure to Healthcare Providers -- Chapter 45 HIV/AIDS Patients and Legal Rights -- Section 45.1 Your Rights in the Workplace -- Section 45.2 Fair Housing Act: Frequently Asked Questions -- Section 45.3 How the Laws Apply to Persons with HIV.

Chapter 46 Public Benefits, Insurance, and Housing Options for Persons with HIV -- Section 46.1 Social Security for People Living with HIV/AIDS -- Section 46.2 Insurance Options for People with HIV -- Section 46.3 Housing Options for People with HIV -- Chapter 47 Caring for Someonewith AIDS at Home -- Part Seven Additional Help and Information -- Chapter 48 Glossary of HIV/AIDS-Related Terms -- Chapter 49 Directory of Organizations for People with HIV/AIDS and Their Families and Friends -- Index -- Index.