Micro and Nanoengineering of the Cell Microenvironment: Technologies and Applications -- Contents -- Foreword -- Chapter 1 Micro- and Nanoengineering the Cellular Microenvironment -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Cellular Microenvironment -- 1.3 Controlling Cellular Behavior -- 1.4 Micro- and Nanoengineering the Cellular Microenvironment -- 1.5 Book Structure -- References -- Chapter 2 Gradient-Generating Microfluidic Devices for Cell Biology Research -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Conventional Devices for Soluble Gradient Generation -- 2.3 Microfluidic-Based Devices for Gradient Generation -- 2.4 Biological Applications of Gradient-Generating Microfluidic Devices -- 2.5 Summary and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 3 Surface Patterning for Controlling Cell-Substrate Interactions -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Self-Assembled Monolayers, Lithography, and Other Important Tools -- 3.3 Controlling the Adsorption of Proteins on Surface -- 3.4 Patterning of Proteins and Cells -- 3.5 Dynamic Patterning of Cells -- 3.6 Other Systems for Patterning Cells -- 3.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Patterned Cocultures for Controlling Cell-Cell Interactions -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Random Coculture Systems -- 4.3 Patterned Coculture Systems -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 Micro- and Nanofabricated Scaffolds for Three-Dimensional Tissue Recapitulation -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Microfabricated Interfaces -- 5.3 Nanofabricated Interfaces -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Biomimetic Hydrogels to Support and Guide Tissue Formation -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Hydrogels and Their Synthesis -- 6.3 Incorporating Bioactive Factors into Hydrogels -- 6.4 Two-Dimensional Patterning of Hydrogels -- 6.5 Three-Dimensional Rapid Prototyping of Hydrogels -- 6.6 Summary -- References.

Chapter 7 Three-Dimensional Cell-Printing Technologies for Tissue Engineering -- 7.1 Overview -- 7.2 Development of Cell-Printing Technologies -- 7.3 Conventional Three-Dimensional Cell-Printing Methods -- 7.4 Current Applications of Cell-Printing Technology: Organ Printing -- 7.5 Other Applications of Cell Printing -- 7.6 Technologies for Three-Dimensional Cell Printing: Single Cell Epitaxy by Acoustic Picoliter Droplets -- 7.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Using Microfabrication to Engineer Cellular and Multicellular Architecture -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Patterning Adhesion -- 8.3 Patterning Single Cells -- 8.4 Multicellular Patterning -- 8.5 Engineering Single Cell-Cell Interactions -- 8.6 Cell Patterning by Active Positioning: Dielectrophoresis and Microfluidics -- 8.7 Three-Dimensional Patterning -- 8.8 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 9 Technologies and Applications for Engineering Substrate Mechanics to Regulate Cell Response -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 How Cells Sense the Stiffness of Their Substrate -- 9.3 Technologies to Engineer the Mechanical Properties of the Substrate -- 9.4 Effects of Substrate Mechanics on Cell Response -- 9.5 Summary and Future Challenges -- References -- Chapter 10 Engineered Surface Nanotopography for Controlling Cell-Substrate Interactions -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Methods for Generating Nanotopography -- 10.3 Topical Issues in Controlling Cell-Substrate Interactions -- 10.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Microfluidics for Assisted Reproductive Technologies -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Micro-/Nanotechnology -- 11.3 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 12 Microscale Technologies for Engineering Embryonic Stem Cell Environments -- 12.1 Embryonic Stem Cells -- 12.2 Microscale Technologies -- 12.3 Conclusion -- References.

Chapter 13 Neuroscience on a Chip: Microfabrication for In Vitro Neurobiology -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Microengineered Neurite Growth and Neuronal Polarity -- 13.3 Microengineered Cell-Cell Signaling -- 13.4 Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 14 Self-Assembly of Nanomaterials for Engineering Cell Microenvironment -- 14.1 Overview -- 14.2 Proteins and Peptides -- 14.3 Self-Assembly of Proteins and Peptides -- 14.4 Findings About Amphiphilic and Surfactantlike Peptides -- 14.5 Findings About Three-Dimensional Peptide Matrix Scaffolds -- 14.6 Use of Peptide Hydogels in Regenerative Biology and Three-Dimensional Cell Culture -- 14.7 Applications of Synthetic Amphiphilic Peptides in Other Fields of Nanotechnology -- 14.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15 Microvascular Engineering: Design, Modeling, and Microfabrication -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Design of Microvascular Networks -- 15.3 Computational Models for Microvascular Networks -- 15.4 Microfabrication Technology for Vascular Network Formation -- 15.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16 Nanotechnology for Inducing Angiogenesis -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Nanostructured Scaffolds and Angiogenesis -- 16.3 Functionalized Smooth Surfaces and Angiogenesis -- 16.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17 Micropatterning Approaches for Cardiac Biology -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Isolation and Culture of Cardiac Myocytes -- 17.3 Engineering the Cellular Microenvironment In Vitro -- 17.4 Traction Force Microscopy for Cardiac Myocytes -- 17.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 18 Microreactors for Cardiac Tissue Engineering -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Patterned Cardiomyocyte Cultures in Two Dimensions -- 18.3 Patterned Cardiomyocyte Cultures in Three Dimensions -- 18.4 Microsystems for Co- and Tricultures in Two and Three Dimensions.

18.5 Microbioreactors for Culture of Cardiac Organoids -- 18.6 Microfluidic Devices for Cardiac Cell Separation -- 18.7 Looking Forward -- 18.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 19 Nanoengineered Hydrogels for Stem Cell Cartilage Tissue Engineering -- 19.1 Hydrogel Microenvironments -- 19.2 Stem Cell Encapsulation in Hydrogels -- 19.3 Coculture Microenvironments for Directing Stem CellDifferentiation and Tissue Development -- References -- Chapter 20 Microscale Approaches for Bone Tissue Engineering -- 20.1 Introduction -- 20.2 Importance of Cell-Cell Interactions for Regulating Osteogenesis -- 20.3 Use of Substrate Properties to Control Osteogenesis -- 20.4 Techniques for Translating Two-Dimensional Systems to Three-Dimensional Scaffolds -- 20.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 21 Nanoengineering for Bone Tissue Engineering -- 21.1 Introduction -- 21.2 The Role of Nanomaterials in Orthopedic Implants -- 21.3 Future Challenges -- References -- Chapter 22 Bioinspired Engineered Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Engineering -- 22.1 Introduction -- 22.2 Bone Structure -- 22.3 Degradable Polymers as Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration -- 22.4 Degradable Composite Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration -- 22.5 Collagen nanostructure and its effect on differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells -- 22.6 Biomimetic Hydrogel Nanocomposites for Bone Regeneration -- 22.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 23 Technological Approaches to Renal Replacement Therapies -- 23.1 Introduction -- 23.2 Kidney Functioning Overview -- 23.3 Kidney Failure -- 23.4 Treatments -- 23.5 History of Hemodialysis -- 23.6 Dialyzer Improvements -- 23.7 Innovative Hemodialysis Approaches -- 23.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 24 Engineering Pulmonary Epithelia and Their Mechanical Microenvironments -- 24.1 Introduction -- 24.2 The Lung and Pulmonary Epithelial Cells.

24.3 In Vitro Production and Engineering of Pulmonary Epithelium -- 24.4 Engineering of Cell-Matrix and Cell-Cell Interactions -- 24.5 Engineering of Cell-Fluid Interactions -- 24.6 Measurements of Mechanically Induced Inflammatory Responses -- 24.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 25 Microfabricated Systems for Analyzing Immune-Cell Functions -- 25.1 Introduction -- 25.2 Micro- and Nanopatterned Surfaces as Tools to Dissect Immune-Cell Functions -- 25.3 Single-Cell Microarrays: Microwells and Microchambers fo rAssaying the Functions of Individual Lymphocytes -- 25.4 Control of Immune-Cell Migration in Model Microenvironments -- 25.5 Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- Chapter 26 Microscale Hepatic Tissue Engineering -- 26.1 Introduction -- 26.2 Strategies for Developing Stable Hepatocyte Culture Models -- 26.3 Bioartificial Liver Devices -- 26.4 Hepatic Constructs for Transplantation -- 26.5 Liver-Cell Microarrays -- 26.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 27 Nano- and Microtechnologies for the Development of Engineered Skin Substitutes -- 27.1 Overview -- 27.2 Nano- and Microscale Approaches to Producing Engineered Skin Substitutes -- 27.3 Nano- and Microscale Approaches for Controlling Cellular Microenvironments -- 27.4 Future Considerations -- References -- About the Editors -- List of Contributors -- Index.