History, Society and Variation -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. The volume -- 2. History -- 3. Society -- 4. Variation -- References -- I. HISTORY -- LOUISIANA CREOLE AT THE PERIPHERY -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Description of the linguistic situation -- 3. Linguistic findings -- 3.1 The verb "to have" -- 3.2 Gender markings on possessive determiners -- 3.3 Verbs with long and short forms -- 4. Discussion and conclusions -- References -- USING AND INTERPRETING HISTORICAL TEXTS TO ANALYZE THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CREOLE LANGUAGES -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The evolution of creole languages: evidence in written sources -- 3. The question of authenticity -- 4. Variation and its causes -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- LEXICAL ASPECTS OF FRENCH AND CREOLE IN SAINT-DOMINGUE AT THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Characterization of the linguistic observations -- 1.2 Main sources of lexical variants not shared with Standard French -- 1.3 The handling of these lexemes in general lexicographic works -- 2. Items from the Saint-Hippolyte-du-Fort manuscript -- 2.1 Terms of French origin differing from Standard French -- 2.2 Terms from regional varieties of French in France -- 2.3 Borrowings from other languages -- 2.4 Unknown or uncertain origin -- 3. Conclusion -- References -- THE LEXICALIZATION-GRAMMATICALIZATION CONTINUUM -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Traugott's grammaticalization model -- 3. Counterexamples -- 4. Separateness of form and function on the lexicalization-grammaticalization cline -- 5. Discussion and concluding remarks -- References -- CREOLE TRANSPLANTATION -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Hawaiian Creole English: Sine Pidgin Non? -- 3. The French continuum anomaly -- 3.1 The problem -- 3.2 The history of the English creole continua.

3.3 Brief excursus: The reality of transplantation -- 3.4 Solution: The French colonies as default -- 4. The Spanish creoles -- 5. The Afrogenesis hypothesis -- 6. The Portuguese creoles -- 7. Implications -- References -- II. SOCIETY -- CREOLES, CAPITALISM, AND COLONIALISM -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Two views on the sociolinguistics of creolization -- 3. Homesteading, monoculture, and the original contact language -- 4. An abstract model of linguistic interaction in colonial contexts -- 5. A closer look at Condition C -- 6. Evidence from Hawaii -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- A CURIOSITY OF MAURITIAN CREOLE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Numbers in Mauritian Creole -- References -- THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE EMERGENCE OF A KOINE AMONG FRENCH-LEXIFIED CREOLE LANGUAGES -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Universality vs. diversity in creoles -- 3. Lexifiers as keystones -- 4. Naturalness vs. artificiality -- 5. The characteristics likely to facilitate the development of a Creole koine -- 5.1 Shared lexical stock -- 5.2 The patchwork effect -- 5.3 Lexical diversification, complementarity, and homogeneity -- 5.4 Lexical neology -- 5.5 Use of Creole in the mass media -- 5.6 Waiting period for new terminology -- 5.7 Contact among creoles in the educational system -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- FRENCH IN HAITI -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Summary of the sociolinguistic study of the lexical particularities of French in the Haitian press (Etienne 2000) -- 1.2 Research questions -- 1.3 Overview of the current sociolinguistic situation in Haiti -- 2. The study -- 2.1 Participants -- 2.2 Epilinguistic interview -- 3. 'Good French' and 'Good Creole' -- 3.1 What is 'bon français'? -- 3.2 What is 'Bon Kreyòl'? -- 4. What is Haitian French? -- 4.1 "No such thing as Haitian French" -- 4.2 Defining Haitian French -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- III. VARIATION.

ALBERT VALDMAN ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CREOLES -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The terminus a quo of creoles -- 3. How did creoles develop? -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- DIATOPIC VARIATION IN HAITIAN CREOLE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Specific features characterizing the dialect area of the North or the South -- 2.1 Lexical items -- 2.2 Morphophonological and morphosyntactic items -- 2.3 Phonetic variation -- 3. Innovations in the Center, traditional forms in the North and the South -- 3.1 Phonetic features -- 3.2 Lexical items -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS IN LOUISIANA CREOLE AND THE MULTIPLE GENESIS HYPOTHESIS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Interrogative pronouns in Louisiana Creole -- 3. The influence of slaves from Saint Domingue on LC -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- GENDER IN FRENCH CREOLES -- 1. Gender in creole languages -- 2. Natural gender marking in French Creoles -- 2.1 Inherently gender-marked terms -- 2.2 Expression of gender by suffixation -- 2.3 Formation of gender-marked nouns by composition -- 2.4 Gender marking on adjectives -- 2.5 Gender marking on pronouns -- 2.6 Gender agreement on determiners -- 3. Gender-a loser category -- 4. Gender and number in French Creoles -- References -- TENSE, MOOD, AND ASPECT AND THE DEIXIS ORDERING PRINCIPLE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Data -- 2.1 Inventory and development of TMA markers in MC -- 2.2 Order of TMA markers -- 3. Properties of TMA markers -- 4. Status of TMA markers -- 5. TMA Ordering -- 5.1 TMA markers and V (VP) -- 5.2 TMA markers and negation -- 5.3 Ordering TMA markers -- 5.4 The distribution of mood markers -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Index -- the series Creole Language Library.