The Sarcomere and Sarcomerogenesis -- Skeletal Muscle Alpha-Actin Diseases -- Nebulin—A Giant Chameleon -- Skeletal Muscle Disease Due to Mutations in Tropomyosin, Troponin and Cofilin -- Investigations into the Pathobiology of Thin-Filament Myopathies -- Mouse Models for Thin Filament Disease -- Thick Filament Diseases -- Acute Quadriplegic Myopathy: An Acquired “Myosinopathy” -- Third Filament Diseases -- The Z-Disk Diseases -- Intermediate Filament Diseases: Desminopathy -- Muscular Integrity—A Matter of Interlinking Distinct Structures via Plectin -- The Sarcomere and the Nucleus: Functional Links to Hypertrophy, Atrophy and Sarcopenia -- Other Model Organisms for Sarcomeric Muscle Diseases -- Therapeutic Approaches for the Sarcomeric Protein Diseases.