FRANCISCO VARO'S GRAMMAR OF THE MANDARIN LANGUAGE (1703): AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF 'ARTE DE LA LENGUA MANDARINA' -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyright page -- PREFACE & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Table of contents -- EDITOR'S FOREWORD -- 1. Background to the text -- 2. Biographical data -- 3. Text history and format of the Arte de la Lengua Mandarina -- 4. Grammatical framework and transcriptional conventions in the text -- 5. Structure and conventions of the translation -- REFERENCES -- INTRODUCTION: THE BIOGRAPHICAL, HISTORICAL, AND GRAMMATICAL CONTEXT OF FRANCISCO VARO'S ARTE DE LA LENGUA MANDARINA (CANTON, 1703) -- 1. Introductory remarks -- 2. Francisco Varo's Arte de la lengua Mandarina (Canton, 1703) -- 3. Biographical notes on Francisco Varo -- 4. Varo's writings -- 5. Grammatical studies initiated by the Dominican missionaries -- 6. Greek and Latin linguistic traditions found in Varo -- 7. The notion of ars grammaticae in the 17th and 18th centuries in connection with Varo's Arte de la lengua Mandarína -- 8. Nebrija's influence on Varo's grammar -- 9. Missionary grammars as models for Varo's grammar -- 10. The influence of Varo'sArte on subsequent grammatical studies -- 11. Concluding remarks -- REFERENCES -- Abbreviations used in the Introduction -- FRONTISPIECE -- PROLOGUE -- The First Chapter: A Few Monitions -- The First Monition -- The Second Monition -- The Third Monition -- The Fourth Monition -- The Fifth Monition -- The Second Chapter: On the Tones of this Language -- Paragraph 1 : On the Simple Tones -- The Second Paragraph: On the Guttural Tones -- The Third Paragraph: On the Tones with Dot -- The Fourth Paragraph: On the Guttural Tones with Dot -- The Fifth Paragraph: On Some Other Ways of Pronouncing Certain Words -- The Third Chapter: On the Declension of the Noun and the Pronoun -- Declension of the Noun.

Declension of the Basic Pronouns -- Declension of the Pronominal Derivatives -- The Second Paragraph: Explanation of the Cases -- Paragraph 3. On the Plural -- Chapter 4: On the Substantive, Adjectival, Comparative, and Superlative Nominais -- The First Paragraph: On the Substantives -- The Second Paragraph: On the Adjectives -- The Third Paragraph: On the Comparatives -- Chapter V: On the Abstract Verbal Nouns, Diminutives, Frequentatives, Occupations, and Genders -- The First Paragraph: On Verbals and Abstracts -- The Second Paragraph: On the Diminutives -- The Third Paragraph: On the Frequentatives -- The Fourth Paragraph: On the Names of Occupations -- The Fifth Paragraph: On the Genders -- Chapter VI: On The Pronoun -- The First Paragraph: On the Basic and Derivative Pronouns -- The Second paragraph. On the Demonstratives -- The Third Paragraph: On the Relatives -- The Fourth Paragraph: On the Reciprocals -- Chapter VII: On the Interjection, Conjunction, Negation, Interrogative, and Conditional -- The First Paragraph: On the Interjection and Conjunction -- The Second Paragraph: On Negation -- The Third Paragraph: On the Interrogative -- The Fourth Paragraph: On the Conditional -- Chapter VIII: On the Verb and its Conjugations -- The First Paragraph: On the Substantive Verb Sum, Es, Fui -- The Second Paragraph: On the Conjugations of the Verbs Preterite and Indicative -- Imperfect Preterite -- Preterite Perfect -- Pluperfect Preterite -- Future Imperfect -- Future Perfect -- Imperative -- The Third Paragraph: On the Optative and Subjunctive -- The Fourth Paragraph: On the Infinitive -- Chapter IX: On the Passive Verb and Passive Constructions -- The First Paragraph -- The Second Paragraph -- The Third Paragraph: On the Conjugations of the Passive Verb -- Present Indicative -- Chapter X: On the Prepositions and Adverbs.

The First Paragraph: On the Prepositions of the Accusative -- The Second Paragraph: On the Ablative Prepositions -- The Third Paragraph: On the Adverbs -- Chapter XI: On the Way of Forming Sentences -- The First Paragraph: On the First and Second Active Sentence Types -- The Second Paragraph: On the First and Second Passive Sentence Types -- The Third Paragraph: Other Things are herewith Made Known which Pertain to the way Sentences are Formed -- Chapter XII: On the Numbers and Numerals -- The First Paragraph: On the Numbers -- The Second Paragraph: On the Numerals -- The Third Paragraph: On the Ordinal Numerals -- The Fourth Paragraph: On the Way to Enumerate the Hours, Days, Weeks, and Months -- The Fifth Paragraph: On the Way of Enumerating the Years -- Chapter XIII: On Various Particles -- Chapter XIV: On the Courteous Words of the Mandarin Language -- The First Paragraph: On the Particle líng -- The Second Paragraph: On the Syllable kuéi -- The Third Paragraph -- The Fourth Paragraph -- The Fifth Paragraph -- Chapter XV: On How to Name the Mandarins, their Relatives, and Other People -- and How to Refer to Oneself Orally and in Writing -- The First Paragraph: How to Name the Mandarins -- The Second Paragraph: On How to Name the Relatives of the Mandarins -- The Third Paragraph: How to Name the Persons with whom One is Talking and How to Name Oneself in Speaking and in Writing -- Chapter XVI: On Courteous Words inter loquendum ["in conversation"] and Courtesies whenVisiting and Inviting -- The First Paragraph: On the Courteous Words inter loquendum ["in conversation"] -- The Second Paragraph: On the Exterior Courtesies -- The Third Paragraph: On the Etiquette of Invitations, and on Certain other Monitions -- A Brief Method for Undertaking Confession -- Series of Confessional Interrogatories -- Commandment I -- Commandment II -- Commandment III.

Commandment IV -- Commandment V -- Commandment VI -- Commandment VII -- Commandment VIII -- Appendix I -- Appendix II -- Appendix III -- CHINESE CHARACTERINDEX -- Index of Linguistic Terms and Concepts.