9781847355386 _Front Cover.pdf -- 9781847355386 _Content.pdf -- Update on Polymers for Oral Drug Delivery -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Gastrointestinal Physiology and its Influence on Oral Drug Delivery Systems -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 How the Stomach can Affect Various Polymer Dosage Forms -- 1.2.1 Motility and Transit of Polymer Dosage Forms in the Stomach -- 1.2.2 Fluid and Secretions in the Stomach -- 1.3 How the Small Intestine can affect Polymeric Dosage Forms -- 1.3.1 Fluid and Secretions in the Small Intestine -- 1.3.2 Transit in the Small Intestine -- 1.4 How the Colon can affect Polymeric Dosage Forms -- 1.4.1 Fluid in the Colon -- 1.4.2 Transit through the Colon -- 1.4.3 Bacteria in the Colon -- 1.5 The Effect of Polymers on the Gastrointestinal Tract -- 1.6 The Fate of Polymers in the Gut -- 1.7 Conclusions -- References -- 2 Polymers for Conventional Oral Dosage Forms -- 2.1 Polymers for Immediate Release Granules and Tablets -- 2.2 Polymers for Pellet Cores -- 2.3 Polymers for Capsule Shells -- 2.4 Polymers for Immediate-release Film Coatings -- 2.4.1 Taste Masking -- 2.4.2 Moisture Barrier Coatings -- 2.4.3 Oxygen Barrier Coatings -- 2.5 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Polymers for Extended or Sustained Drug Delivery -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Key Concepts in Controlled Drug Delivery -- 3.3 Diffusion-controlled Drug Delivery Systems -- 3.3.1 Reservoir Drug Delivery Systems -- 3.3.2 Inert Matrix Systems for Controlled Drug Release -- 3.4 Swelling-controlled Release Systems -- 3.4.1 Overview -- 3.4.2 Drug Release from Swelling Systems -- 3.4.3 Case I Diffusion -- 3.4.4 Case II Diffusion -- 3.5 Osmotic Pump Systems -- 3.5.1 Drug Solubility -- 3.5.2 Osmotic Pressure -- 3.5.3 Orifice Size -- 3.5.4 The Semi-permeable Membrane -- 3.6 Polysaccharides in Oral Drug Delivery -- 3.6.1 Starch -- 3.6.2 Cellulose -- 3.6.3 Chitosan.

3.6.4 Alginates -- 3.6.5 Xanthan Gum -- 3.6.6 Guar Gum and Locust Bean Gum -- 3.7 Hydrogels for Drug Delivery -- 3.7.1 Stimulus-sensitive Hydrogels -- 3.7.2 pH- and Temperature-triggered Drug Delivery -- 3.7.3 Future Directions in Hydrogel Development -- 3.8 Molecular Recognition as a Concept for Oral Drug Delivery -- 3.9 Conclusions -- 4 Site-specific Drug Delivery: Polymers for Gastroretention -- 4.1 Gastroretention: The Challenges and Benefits -- 4.2 How can Gastroretention be Achieved? -- 4.2.1 Size-increasing Systems -- 4.2.2 Floating Systems -- 4.2.3 Mucoadhesive Systems -- 4.3 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Enteric Polymers for Small Intestinal Drug Delivery -- 5.1 Polymers for Enteric Coatings -- 5.1.1 Cellulose-based Enteric Polymers -- 5.1.2 Polyvinyl Derivatives -- 5.1.3 Polymethacrylates -- 5.1.4 Aqueous Enteric Coatings -- 5.2 Factors Influencing Enteric Polymer Dissolution -- 5.2.1 Polymer Structure -- 5.2.2 Dissolution Media -- 5.3 In vivo Performance of Enteric Coatings -- 5.4 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Polymers for Modified Release Site-specific Drug Delivery to the Colon -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 pH-triggered Enteric Drug Delivery to the Colon -- 6.3 Microbially-triggered Colonic Delivery -- 6.4 Time-dependent Colonic Delivery -- 6.4.1 Pressure-controlled Colonic Delivery -- 6.5 Combination Approaches to Colonic Delivery -- 6.6 Conclusions -- References -- 7 Polymers for Site- -- 7.1 Mucoadhesion as a Drug Delivery Concept -- 7.2 The Mucus Layer -- 7.3 Mucoadhesion -- 7.4 Polymers Providing Mucoadhesion -- 7.4.1 Natural Polymers -- 7.4.2 Semi-synthetic Polymers -- 7.4.3 Acrylic Acid Derivatives -- 7.4.4 Thiolated Polymers or Thiomers -- 7.4.5 PEGylated polymers -- 7.4.6 N-(2-Hydroxypropyl) Methacrylamide Copolymers -- 7.5 Polymer Factors Influencing Mucoadhesive Potential -- 7.5.1 Molecular Weight.

7.5.2 Polymer Flexibility and Conformation -- 7.5.3 Polymer Cohesiveness -- 7.5.4 Polymer Concentration -- 7.5.5 Chemical Structure of the Polymer -- 7.5.6 Hydrophilicity of a Polymer -- 7.6 In Vivo Examples of Mucoadhesion -- 7.6.1 The Stomach -- 7.6.2 The Small Intestine -- 7.6.3 The Colon -- 7.7 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Micro- and Nanoparticles for Oral Protein and Gene Delivery -- 8.1 Protein and Gene Therapeutics -- 8.2 Physiological Barriers in Oral Protein and Gene Delivery -- 8.2.1 Degradation in the Gastrointestinal Environment -- 8.2.2 Permeability Barriers -- 8.3 Polymers used in Microparticles and Nanoparticles -- 8.4 Preparation Methods -- 8.4.1 Emulsion Solvent Evaporation -- 8.4.2 Emulsion Solvent Diffusion or Displacement -- 8.4.3 Salting Out -- 8.4.4 Ionic Gelation -- 8.4.5 Complex Coacervation -- 8.5 Factors Affecting the Mucosal Uptake of Particles -- 8.5.1 Transport of Particles across Intestinal Mucosa -- 8.5.2 Particle Size -- 8.5.3 Surface Properties -- 8.5.4 In Vivo Results -- 8.6 Conclusions -- References -- Summary of Polymers used in Pharmaceutical Applications -- Abbreviations -- Index -- 9781847355386 _Back Cover.pdf.