Front Cover -- Multinational Enterprises, Markets and Institutional Diversity -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Dedication -- Chapter 1 New Analysis of Multinational Enterprises and Their Linkages with Markets and Institutional Diversity -- Introduction -- Part I: New Governance Determinants of MNE Behavior -- Part II: New Approaches to Defining and Measuring Distance -- Part III: New Perspectives on Country-Specific Advantages in International Business -- Part IV: Institutional Diversity in the Emerging Economy Context -- Notes -- References -- Part I: New Governance Determinants of MNE Behavior -- Chapter 2 Internalization Theory and the Governance of the Global Factory -- Introduction -- The Worldwide Distribution of Economic Activities -- The Global Factory -- Fine Slicing of Economic Activities and the Rise of the Global Factory -- Decision Dynamics in the Global Factory -- Requisite Change in Ownership Status -- Requisite Change in Location Decision -- The Quadrants -- Strengths of the Global Factory -- Ownership of Intangible Assets -- Ownership of Core Activities -- Contestability of Ownership Status and Location of Single Activity Sets -- Flexibility -- MNE Head Office as Controlling Intelligence -- Conceptual Weaknesses -- Ownership of Intangible Assets -- Ownership of Core Activities -- Contestability of Ownership Status and Location of Single Activity Sets -- Flexibility -- MNE Head Office as Controlling Intelligence -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Considering the Local Partner. A Two-Sided Perspective on Transaction Costs During Market Entry -- Introduction -- Theoretical Background -- Asset Specificity -- Uncertainty -- TCE and the Local Firm -- Asset Specificity (Local Partner) -- Uncertainty (Local Partner) -- Theoretical Propositions -- Situation 1: AS Low MNC/AS High Local Partner.

Situation 2: IU Low MNC/IU High Local Partner -- Situation 3: EU High MNC/EU High Local Partner -- Implications -- References -- Chapter 4 Selling to Chinese Firms: A Seller's Perspective. Empirical Evidence from the German Automotive Industry -- Introduction -- Literature Review -- The Decision to Sell from the Acquired Perspective -- Motivations for Cross-Border Acquisitions -- Theoretical Framework and Propositions -- Methodology -- Research Setting -- Case Profiles -- Empirical Findings -- Preservation of Autonomy -- Access to Local Market Knowledge and Resource Redeployment -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Implications of the Findings and Limitation of the Research -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5 What Best Explains the Success of Cross-border Technology Transfers in MNCs: Traditional Coordination Instruments Or Modern Management Concepts? -- The Changing Focus of International Management Research and the Need to Test its Usefulness -- Conceptual Model and Hypothesis Development -- Main Goals of Technology Transfers within MNCs -- Information-Processing Capacities of Traditional Coordination Instruments and More Recent Abstract Management Concepts -- Method -- Sample -- Measurement and Data -- Epistemic Community -- Absorptive Capacity -- Structural, Technocratic, and Person-Oriented Coordination Instruments -- Success of Technology Transfers -- Control Variables -- Analyses -- Results -- Discussion -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Appendix: Measurement of Variables -- Part II: New Approaches to Defining and Measuring Distance -- Chapter 6 Perceptions versus National-Level Differences: A Mediating Model of Psychic Distance -- Introduction -- Literature Review and Hypotheses Development -- A History of the Definition and Measurement of Psychic Distance -- Our Definition of Psychic Distance -- A Mediating Model.

Mediating Hypotheses for the Distance Creating Factors -- National Cultural Distance -- Socioeconomic Differences -- Differences in Dominant Language -- Differences in Dominant Religion -- Geographic Distance -- Asymmetric Distance-Bridging Factors -- Economic Development of the Target Country -- Size of the Target Country -- Research Methodology -- Data and Unit of Analysis -- Analytical Techniques -- Measuring the Variables -- The Antecedents of Psychic Distance -- The Mediating Construct - Perceived Psychic Distance -- Gravity Model Control Variables -- The Criterion Variables -- Results -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7 FDI and Institutions: Formal and Informal Institutions -- Introduction -- Theoretical Framework and Existing Evidence -- Empirical Framework and Data -- Empirical Estimation and Discussion of Results -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Appendix -- Data -- Full Results -- Chapter 8 Is Distance the Same Across Cultures? A Measurement-Equivalence Perspective on the Cultural Distance Paradox -- Introduction -- Cultural Distance and its Measurement -- Partner Country Culture and the Measurement Equivalence of Cultural Distance -- Why Cultural Distance and Partner Country Culture Are Correlated -- Why Cultural Distance and Partner Country Culture Correlate Differently across Base Countries -- The Cross-Cultural (In)Comparability of Cultural Distance -- Empirical Demonstration -- Data and Method -- Constructing a One-Dimensional Measure of National Culture -- Measure of Cultural Distance -- Assessing the Cross-Cultural Consistency of Cultural Distance's Relationship with Other Country Factors -- Results -- Discussion -- Measurement Equivalence and the Cultural Distance Paradox -- Cultural Distance in International Business -- Notes -- References -- Appendix.

Chapter 9 Culture and a Cascading Model of Emotional Intelligence: An Exploratory Analysis -- Introduction -- Conceptual Background -- A Cascading Model of Emotional Intelligence -- Culture and a Cascading Model of Emotional Intelligence -- Method -- Sample and Data Collection -- Measures -- Cultural Dimensions -- Emotional Intelligence -- Controls -- Results -- Measurement Validation, Common Method Variance, and Descriptive Statistics -- Examination of the Research Questions -- Discussion -- Implications for Theory -- Implications for Practice -- Limitations and Directions for Future Research -- References -- Chapter 10 Micropolitical Behavior in the Multinational Enterprise: A Language Perspective -- Introduction -- MNEs as Multilingual Organizations -- Internal Language Hierarchy and Language Distance in the MNE -- Language Agents and Micropolitical Behavior -- Redrawing Organizational Structure -- Altering the Degree of Foreign Subsidiary Autonomy and Control -- Redefining the Privileged and the Disadvantaged Groups -- Reinforcing Subgroup Formation and Dynamics in Multilingual Teams -- Understanding Language Agency in Context -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Part III: New Perspectives on Country-Specific Advantages in International Business -- Chapter 11 Impact of Outward Foreign Direct Investment Promotion Policy: Evidence from Newly Industrialized, Emerging, and Developing Asian Economies -- Introduction -- Regional Industrial Upgrading: The Role of Investment and Trade -- OFDI Policy of NIEDAEs in Historical Perspective -- Recommendations for OFDI Policy -- References -- Chapter 12 An Exploration of Commercial Diplomacy as a Set of Facilities to Support International Business to and from Emergent Markets -- Introduction -- Literature Review -- A Methodology to Identify Relevant Publications.

The Context and Antecedents of Commercial Diplomacy -- Commercial Diplomacy in Action -- The Value and Effectiveness of Commercial Diplomacy -- Findings -- Three Disciplinary Perspectives and Myriad Subtopics -- Diversity in Methodological Approaches -- International Business as an Under-Represented Viewpoint -- A Research Agenda for Commercial Diplomacy and International Business -- Future Research and the Necessity of a Disciplinary Approach -- Relevant Topics in the Commercial Diplomacy-International Business Interplay -- Improving Commercial Diplomacy Using Topics of International Business -- Commercial Diplomacy and the Business-Government Relationship -- The Organization of Commercial Diplomacy -- The Value of Commercial Diplomacy -- Methodological Recommendations for Future Research -- Three Paths to the Reconciliation of Commercial Diplomacy and International Business -- References -- Chapter 13 The Vagueness of the "Country-Specific Advantage" Construct: Which Host-CSAs Matter for Chinese OFDI? -- Introduction -- What is a Country-Specific Advantage? -- CSAs in the Literature -- What Are the Implications of the Lack of Precision? -- Data Analysis and Method -- Results -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 14 Multi-National Firms, Corruption and Innovation in Russia -- Introduction -- MNEs, Corruption and Innovation -- Measuring Corruption -- Data and Variables -- Data -- Variables -- Regression Analysis -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Corruption and Innovation -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Part IV: Institutional Diversity in the Emerging Economy Context -- Chapter 15 Strategic Asset Seeking by EMNEs: A Matter of Liabilities of Foreignness - or Outsidership? -- Introduction -- Defining Strategic Assets.

Expanding the Applicability of the Springboard Perspective (1): Liability of Foreignness Asymmetries between MNEs and EMNEs.