The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements.
Title:
The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements.
Author:
McGeough, J. A.
ISBN:
9781118536858
Personal Author:
Edition:
1st ed.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (239 pages)
Contents:
The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Basic Anatomy -- 2.1 Terminology -- 2.2 Human Skeleton -- 2.3 Joints -- 2.4 Cartilage -- 2.5 Protein and Collagen -- 2.6 Human Bone -- 2.6.1 Structure of Bone -- 2.6.2 Mechanical Properties of Bone -- 2.6.3 Bases of Biomechanics of Joints -- References -- 3 Anatomy of Joints -- 3.1 Shoulder -- 3.1.1 Anatomy of the Shoulder Joint -- 3.1.2 Biomechanics of the Shoulder Joint -- 3.2 Elbow -- 3.2.1 Anatomy of the Elbow Joint -- 3.2.2 Biomechanics of the Elbow Joint -- 3.3 Wrist -- 3.3.1 Anatomy of the Wrist Joint -- 3.3.2 Biomechanics of the Wrist Joint -- 3.4 Finger -- 3.4.1 Anatomy of the Finger Joints -- 3.4.2 Biomechanics of the Finger Joints -- 3.5 Hip -- 3.5.1 Anatomy of the Hip Joint -- 3.5.2 Biomechanics of the Hip Joint -- 3.6 Knee -- 3.6.1 Anatomy of the Knee Joint -- 3.6.2 Biomechanics of the Knee Joint -- 3.7 Ankle -- 3.7.1 Anatomy of the Ankle Joint -- 3.7.2 Biomechanics of the Ankle Joint -- 3.8 Foot -- 3.8.1 Anatomy of the Foot Joints -- 3.8.2 Biomechanics of the Foot Joints -- 3.9 Toe -- 3.9.1 Anatomy of the Toe Joints -- 3.9.2 Biomechanics of the Toe Joints -- 3.10 Degradation of Joints -- 3.10.1 Introduction -- 3.10.2 Osteoarthritis (OA) -- 3.10.3 Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) -- 3.10.4 Infection and Trauma -- References -- 4 Methods of Inspection for Joint Replacements -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Gait Analysis -- 4.3 X-ray -- 4.4 Tomography and Computed Tomography (CT) -- 4.5 Radionuclide Scanning -- 4.6 Ultrasonography -- 4.7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- References -- 5 Materials in Human Joint Replacement -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Alloy Metals -- 5.2.1 Stainless Steel -- 5.2.2 Cobalt-Based Alloys -- 5.2.3 Titanium-Based Alloys -- 5.2.4 Tantalum Trabecular Metal -- 5.2.5 Magnesium Alloys -- 5.3 Ceramics -- 5.3.1 Structure.
5.3.2 Mechanical Properties -- 5.3.3 Applications of Ceramics in Joint Replacements -- 5.4 Polymers -- 5.4.1 Structure -- 5.4.2 Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) -- 5.4.3 Polymer Cement -- 5.5 Joint Replacement Materials in Service -- 5.5.1 Wear and Friction -- 5.5.2 Fatigue and Creep -- 5.5.3 Corrosion -- 5.6 Nanomaterials -- References -- 6 Methods of Manufacture of Joint Replacements -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Surface Finish -- 6.3 Tolerance -- 6.4 Wear and Friction -- 6.5 Machining -- 6.5.1 Milling -- 6.5.2 Grinding -- 6.5.3 Turning -- 6.5.4 Electrochemical Machining (ECM) -- 6.5.5 Electrodischarge Machining (EDM) -- 6.6 Forging -- 6.7 Casting -- 6.7.1 Casting of Metals -- 6.7.2 Casting of Ceramic Parts -- 6.8 Manufacture of Polymer Parts -- 6.9 Surface Treatment -- 6.9.1 Coatings -- 6.9.2 Plasma Spraying -- 6.9.3 Chemical and Physical Vapour Deposition (CVD and PVD) -- 6.9.4 Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) Coating -- 6.9.5 Ion Implantation -- 6.9.6 Porous Metal Coatings -- 6.10 Surface Finishing of Implants -- 6.10.1 Deburring -- 6.10.2 Electropolishing -- 6.10.3 Mechanical Polishing -- 6.10.4 Lapping -- 6.11 Manufacture of Joint Replacements -- References -- 7 Computer-Aided Engineering in Joint Replacements -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Reverse Engineering -- 7.3 Solid Modelling -- 7.4 Finite Element Analysis (FEA) -- 7.5 Rapid Prototyping (RP) in Joint Replacement Manufacture -- 7.6 Computer-Aided Manufacture -- 7.7 Navigation -- 7.7.1 Navigation in Computer-aided Joint Replacement Surgery -- 7.7.2 Navigation in Robotic Surgery -- 7.8 Robotics -- 7.8.1 Robotics-Assisted Total Knee Replacement (TKR) -- 7.8.2 Robotics-Assisted Total Hip Replacement (THR) -- References -- 8 Joint Replacement -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Shoulder -- 8.3 Elbow -- 8.4 Wrist -- 8.5 Fingers -- 8.6 Hip -- 8.6.1 Charnleys Development of Total Hip Replacement (THR).
8.6.2 Biomechanics after Hip Joint Replacement -- 8.6.3 Further Developments in THR Engineering -- 8.6.4 Industrial Examples of THR -- 8.7 Knee -- 8.7.1 Biomechanics in Total Knee Replacement -- 8.7.2 Industrial Examples of TKR -- 8.8 Ankle -- 8.9 Foot and Toe -- References -- Index.
Abstract:
Since the major pioneering of joint replacement surgery more than fifty years ago, much research and progress has been made in the field of arthroplasty with new insights into better materials, types of cement and bone-cell compatible coatings, and a better understanding of the causes of implant failure. With an increasingly ageing population the requirement for arthroplastic surgery is manifest; over 800,000 hips worldwide are replaced each year, and replacement surgery is performed for almost every joint of the body. The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements covers the design, engineering, production and manufacture of human joint replacements, as well as associated engineering concerns such as surface coatings, orthopedic bone cement, the causes and effects of wear and tear, and rapid prototyping for clinical evaluation. Materials evaluation and selection is discussed, as well as production processes and insertion methods. The author provides an overview of skeletal anatomy and the effects of pain and deterioration in order to put the engineering principles into a medical context. Examples of joint replacements for the most common regions of the body are included, and aspects of clinical studies of these cases are discussed. Key Features: Provides an overview of the engineering materials and processes involved in the manufacture of human joint replacements Sets the scene for engineers and clinicians embarking on research into joint replacements Includes clinical and industrial examples and points the way to future developments Provides information on medical device companies with an engineering guide to the requirements for joint replacement The Engineering of Human Joint Replacements bridges the divide between engineering and orthopaedic surgery, offering an introductory text to young engineers entering the field, as well as a
reference for medical staff who will benefit from an understanding of the materials and methods used in their design, engineering and manufacture.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
Genre:
Electronic Access:
Click to View