Stability, Failure, and Measurements of Boreholes and Other Circular Openings -- Copyright -- Contents -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- FAILURE -- ABNORMAL STABILITY -- 1 EXCAVATION, MAINTENANCE, AND PERFORMANCE -- BEFORE THE EXCAVATION -- DURING EXCAVATION -- UNSUPPORTED OPENINGS -- CHANGE IN STRESSES -- CHANGE IN STRENGTH -- DECREASE IN SUPPORT CAPACITY -- SUPPORTED OPENINGS -- HOLE COLLAPSE -- INSUFFICIENT BONDING -- FORMATION DAMAGE -- LONG-TERM STABILITY -- 2 OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE -- FIELD OBSERVATIONS -- LABORATORY OBSERVATIONS -- 3 STABILITY ASSESSMENT -- CLOSURE MEASUREMENTS -- GEOPHYSICAL MEASUREMENTS -- IN-SITU STRESS CONDITIONS -- CIVIL AND MINING ENGINEERING -- 4 ROCK-MASS ASSESSMENT -- SCALE OF INVESTIGATION AND RESOLUTION -- MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND THE STABILITY OF THE OPENINGS -- PRIMARY FACTORS AFFECTING THE REMOTE ASSESSMENT OF ROCK-MASS PROPERTIES -- HIGH-RESOLUTION SURFACE SOUNDING -- SEISMIC METHODS -- ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY SOUNDING -- RADAR SOUNDING AND RADAR TOMOGRAPHY -- ROCK-MASS EXPLORATION BY MEANS OF PILOT BOREHOLES -- MEASUREMENT-WHILE-DRILLING (MWD) -- 5 ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL MODELING -- UNSUPPORTED OPENINGS -- ELASTIC ANALYSIS -- INELASTIC ANALYSIS -- SIMPLIFIED BIFURCATION ANALYSIS -- ISOTROPIC FAR-FIELD STRESSES -- NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF LOCALIZATION PHENOMENA IN DEEP BOREHOLES -- NONLINEAR EFFECTS -- TIME-DEPENDENT EFFECTS -- SCALE EFFECTS -- SUPPORTED OPENINGS -- ELASTIC ANALYSIS -- NONLINEAR OR TIME-DEPENDENT ANALYSIS -- INTERSECTIONS -- SLABBING AND EXFOLIATION -- INFLUENCE OF PREEXISTING DISCONTINUITIES OR STRUCTURE -- DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD -- BLOCK THEORY -- DISCONTINUOUS DEFORMATION ANALYSIS -- 6 CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES.