Title -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Tables and Figures -- Overview -- 1 Energy -- ENERGY UNITS -- Expressing Energy Values of Feeds -- REQUIREMENTS FOR ENERGY -- Measurement of Maintenance Requirements -- Variation in Energy Requirements for Maintenance -- BREED DIFFERENCES IN MAINTENANCE -- SEX DIFFERENCES IN MAINTENANCE -- AGE EFFECTS ON MAINTENANCE -- SEASONAL EFFECTS ON MAINTENANCE -- TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON MAINTENANCE -- EFFECTS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE ON MAINTENANCE -- EFFECTS OF ACTIVITY ON MAINTENANCE -- Effects of Previous Nutrition/Compensatory Gain -- Use of Energy from Weight Loss -- REFERENCES -- 2 Protein -- MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS -- CONVERSION OF MP TO NP -- Validation -- REFERENCES -- 3 Growth and Body Reserves -- ENERGY AND PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS FOR GROWING CATTLE -- Anabolic Agents -- Ionophore Effects -- Previous Plane of Nutrition Effects -- Effects of Special Dietary Factors -- Unique Breed Effects -- Validation of Energy and Protein Requirement System -- AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS -- ENERGY AND PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS FOR BREEDING HERD REPLACEMENTS -- ENERGY AND PROTEIN RESERVES OF BEEF COWS -- REFERENCES -- 4 Reproduction -- GESTATION -- Effects of Temperature -- Factors Affecting Fetal Growth -- The Role of the Placenta -- Energy Requirements -- Protein Requirements -- LACTATION -- BREEDING PERFORMANCE -- Heifer Development -- EFFECTS OF FEEDING -- EFFECTS OF MATURITY -- Weight and Condition Changes in Reproducing Females -- Males -- REFERENCES -- 5 Minerals -- MACROMINERALS -- Calcium -- CALCIUM REQUIREMENTS -- FACTORS AFFECTING CALCIUM REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF CALCIUM DEFICIENCY -- CALCIUM SOURCES -- SIGNS OF CALCIUM TOXICITY -- Magnesium -- MAGNESIUM REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY -- FACTORS AFFECTING MAGNESIUM REQUIREMENTS -- MAGNESIUM SOURCES -- SIGNS OF MAGNESIUM TOXICITY.

Phosphorus -- PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENTS -- FACTORS AFFECTING PHOSPHORUS REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY -- PHOSPHORUS SOURCES -- Potassium -- POTASSIUM REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF POTASSIUM DEFICIENCY -- POTASSIUM SOURCES -- SIGNS OF POTASSIUM TOXICITY -- Sodium and Chlorine -- SODIUM AND CHLORINE REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF SODIUM DEFICIENCY -- SODIUM AND CHLORINE SOURCES -- SIGNS OF SODIUM TOXICITY -- Sulfur -- SULFUR REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF SULFUR DEFICIENCY -- FACTORS AFFECTING SULFUR REQUIREMENTS -- SULFUR SOURCES -- SIGNS OF SULFUR TOXICITY -- MICROMINERALS -- Chromium -- Cobalt -- COBALT REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF COBALT DEFICIENCY -- FACTORS AFFECTING COBALT REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF COBALT TOXICITY -- Copper -- COPPER REQUIREMENTS -- FACTORS AFFECTING COPPER REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF COPPER DEFICIENCY -- COPPER SOURCES -- SIGNS OF COPPER TOXICITY -- Iodine -- IODINE REQUIREMENTS -- FACTORS AFFECTING IODINE REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF IODINE DEFICIENCY -- IODINE SOURCES -- SIGNS OF IODINE TOXICITY -- IRON REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF IRON DEFICIENCY -- IRON SOURCES -- SIGNS OF IRON TOXICITY -- Manganese -- MANGANESE REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF MANGANESE DEFICIENCY -- FACTORS AFFECTING MANGANESE REQUIREMENTS -- MANGANESE SOURCES -- SIGNS OF MANGANESE TOXICITY -- Molybdenum -- FACTORS AFFECTING MOLYBDENUM UTILIZATION -- SIGNS OF MOLYBDENUM TOXICITY -- MOLYBDENUM SOURCES -- Nickel -- Selenium -- SELENIUM REQUIREMENTS -- FACTORS AFFECTING SELENIUM REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF SELENIUM DEFICIENCY -- SELENIUM SOURCES -- SIGNS OF SELENIUM TOXICITY -- Zinc -- ZINC REQUIREMENTS -- SIGNS OF ZINC DEFICIENCY -- FACTORS AFFECTING ZINC REQUIREMENTS -- ZINC SOURCES -- SIGNS OF ZINC TOXICITY -- REFERENCES -- 6 Vitamins and Water -- FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS -- Vitamin A -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-A DEFICIENCY -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-A TOXICITY -- Vitamin D.

SIGNS OF VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-D TOXICITY -- Vitamin E -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-E DEFICIENCY -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-E TOXICITY -- Vitamin K -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-K DEFICIENCY -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-K TOXICITY -- WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS -- Vitamin B12 -- SIGNS OF VITAMIN-B12 DEFICIENCY -- Thiamin -- SIGNS OF THIAMIN DEFICIENCY -- Niacin -- SIGNS OF NIACIN DEFICIENCY -- Choline -- SIGNS OF CHOLINE DEFICIENCY -- Summary -- WATER -- REFERENCES -- 7 Feed Intake -- FACTORS AFFECTING FEED INTAKE -- Physiological Factors Affecting Feed Intake -- Environmental Factors Affecting Feed Intake -- Management and Dietary Factors Affecting Feed Intake -- PREDICTION OF FEED INTAKE BY BEEF CATTLE -- Growing and Finishing Cattle: Dietary Energy Concentration -- Growing and Finishing Cattle: Initial Weight on Feed -- Validation of Prediction Equations -- Adjustments to Predictions -- BEEF COWS: DIETARY ENERGY CONCENTRATION -- VALIDATION OF THE BEEF COW EQUATION -- SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR ALL-FORAGE DIETS -- REFERENCES -- 8 Implications of Stress -- ENERGY -- PROTEIN -- MINERALS -- VITAMINS -- REFERENCES -- 9 Tables of Nutrient Requirements -- EXAMPLE TABLES FOR GROWING AND FINISHING CATTLE -- EXAMPLE TABLES FOR BREEDING BULLS -- EXAMPLE TABLES FOR PREGNANT REPLACEMENT HEIFERS -- EXAMPLE TABLES FOR BEEF COWS -- TABLE OF ENERGY RESERVES FOR BEEF COWS -- TABLE OF MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENT MULTIPLIERS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS -- 10 Prediction Equations and Computer Models -- REQUIREMENTS FOR BOTH LEVELS -- Maintenance -- ENERGY -- MAINTENANCE PROTEIN REQUIREMENT -- ENERGY & PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS -- PREDICTING TARGET WEIGHTS AND RATES OF GAIN -- Lactation -- Pregnancy -- ENERGY AND PROTEIN RESERVES -- MINERAL AND VITAMIN REQUIREMENTS -- PREDICTING DRY MATTER INTAKE -- SUPPLY OF NUTRIENTS -- ENERGY -- PROTEIN -- AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS FOR MAINTENANCE.

AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS FOR GROWTH -- AMINO ACID REQUIREMENTS FOR LACTATION -- AMINO ACID PREGNANCY REQUIREMENTS -- SUPPLY OF ENERGY, PROTEIN AND AMINO ACIDS -- INTAKE CARBOHYDRATE -- INTAKE PROTEIN -- Adjusting Degradation Rates of Available Fiber for the Effect of pH -- Computing Ruminal Escape of Carbohydrate and Protein -- PASSAGE RATE EQUATION -- Calculation of Microbial Yield -- Microbial Composition -- Intestinal Digestibilities and Absorption -- Fecal Output -- Total Digestible Nutrients and Energy Values of Feedstuffs -- CALCULATION OF NET ENERGY VALUES -- METABOLIZABLE PROTEIN -- AMINO ACID SUPPLY -- Bacterial Amino Acid Supply to the Duodenum -- Bacterial Amino Acid Digestion -- Feed Amino Acid Supply -- Total Duodenal Amino Acid Supply -- Feed Amino Acid Digestion -- Total Metabolizable Amino Acid Supply -- FEED COMPOSITION VALUES FOR USE IN THE NRC MODELS -- Feed Biological Values -- TABULAR NET ENERGY VALUES -- TABULAR UIP/DIP VALUES -- MODEL PREDICTED NET ENERGY AND METABOLIZABLE PROTEIN VALUES -- REFERENCES -- 11 Composition of Selected Feeds -- EFFECTS OF PROCESSING TREATMENT -- Roughages -- GENERAL -- PRINCIPLES OF GRAIN PROCESSING -- CORN -- SORGHUM -- BARLEY -- OATS -- WHEAT -- REFERENCES -- Appendix -- SUBCOMMITTEE ON BEEF CATTLE NUTRITION -- Table of Contents -- 1 Introduction -- TUTORIALS -- COMPUTER PROGRAMS -- HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS AND INSTALLATION -- PROGRAM OPERATION AND USE -- MAIN MENU -- 2 Feedlot Case Study -- TUTORIAL LESSON 1: FEEDLOT CASE STUDY -- NRC MODEL DIET EVALUATION -- Execute a Diet Evaluation with NRC Model Level 1 -- Execute a Diet Evaluation with NRC Model Level 2 -- Differences between NRC Model Levels 1 and 2 -- PREDICTING RESPONSES TO ALTERNATIVE FEEDLOT CONDITIONS -- EVALUATION OF THE FEEDLOT CASE STUDY USING THE TABLE GENERATOR -- ADJUSTERS -- 3 Cow-Calf Ranch Case Study.

TUTORIAL LESSON 2: COW-CALF RANCH CASE STUDY -- Execute a Diet Evaluation with NRC Model Level 2 -- Differences between NRC Model Levels 1 and 2 -- EVALUATING COW HERD REQUIREMENTS OVER THE REPRODUCTIVE CYCLE USING THE TABLE GENERATORS -- Application of the Table Generators for the Cow Herd -- Bred Heifers Tutorial -- Mature Cow Tutorial -- 4 Guideline Diet Nutrient Density Requirement Tables -- COMPARISONS WITH THE 1984 NRC TABLES -- Growing Cattle -- Appendix Tables -- Glossary -- About the Authors -- Index -- Other Titles in the Series.