Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Addressing the Challenge -- Conclusion -- Appendix 1A -- Chapter 2: Growth, Productivity, and Income -- Identifying the Comparators -- Relative International Performance -- Domestic Growth over Time -- Investment and Growth -- Sources of Differences in Growth Rates -- Conclusion -- Chapter 3: Welfare, Happiness, and Discontent -- Social Indicators -- Happiness -- Discontent -- Conclusion -- Chapter 4: The Demographic Challenge and the Role of Globalization -- Demographic Changes -- Employment Generation and Productivity Growth -- International Trade Performance -- Capital Flows -- Financial-Market Development -- Conclusion -- Appendix 4A: Labor Force Absorption -- Chapter 5: Religion, Institutions, and Growth -- Religious Affiliation and Growth Across Countries -- Legal Systems and Growth -- Corruption and Growth -- Concluding Remarks -- Chapter 6: Economic Policies and Their Effects -- Policies in Arab Economies -- Measuring Policy Effects -- Technology and Productivity Growth -- Conclusion -- Appendix 6A: Interaction of Education and Technology -- Chapter 7: Attitudes, Interest Groups, and Reform -- Popular Attitudes -- Elite Attitudes -- Impediments to Reform -- Appendix 7A: The Pew Survey -- Chapter 8: Global Engagement -- Membership in Multilateral Institutions -- Role of Preferential Arrangements -- Conclusion -- Appendix 8A: Select Regional Organizations -- Appendix 8B: US Preferential Trade Arrangements with Select Arab Countries -- Chapter 9: Risk, Credibility, and Supply Response -- Domestic Entrepreneurship -- Reversing the Brain Drain -- Role of Foreign Investment -- Affinity, Democracy, and Risk -- Conclusion -- Appendix 9A -- Chapter 10: Authoritarianism, Uncertainty, and Prospects for Change -- Path to Political Reform.

Implications for International Exchange -- Prospects for Change -- Appendix 10A: Quantitative Modeling of Political Regimes -- Chapter 11: Conclusion -- Identifying the Constraints -- Designing Solutions: An Example -- Political Economy of Reform -- Concluding Thoughts -- References -- Index.