THE JOINT OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 2008: USING HISTORY TO INFORM THE FUTURE -- THE JOINT OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 2008: USING HISTORY TO INFORM THE FUTURE -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- U.S. JOINT FORCES COMMAND CLARIFIES JOINT OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 2008 -- U.S. Joint Forces Command releases a clarification on the Joint Operating Environment 2008. -- THE JOINT OPERATING ENVIRONMENT 2008: CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE JOINT FORCE -- FOREWORD -- INTRODUCTION -- PART I: THE CONSTANTS -- A. The Nature of War -- B. The Nature of Change -- STRATEGIC ESTIMATES IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY -- C. The Challenge of Disruptions -- THE FRAGILITY OF HISTORY - AND THE FUTURE... -- D. Grand Strategy -- PART II: TRENDS INFLUENCING THE WORLD'S SECURITY -- A. Demographics -- WORLD POPULATION PYRAMIDS -- B. Globalization -- LESSONS FROM THE HISTORY OF GLOBALIZATION -- C. Economics -- THE VOLATILITY OF TRENDS -- D. Energy -- E. Food -- F. Water -- G. Climate Change and Natural Disasters -- H. Pandemics -- I. Cyber -- J. Space -- K. Conclusion -- PART III: THE CONTEXTUAL WORLD -- A. Competition and Cooperation among Conventional Powers -- B. Potential Challenges and Threats -- 1. China -- 2. Russia -- 3. The Pacific and Indian Oceans -- 4. Europe -- 5. Central and South America -- 6. Africa -- 7. The Center of Instability: The Middle East and Central Asia -- C. Weak and Failing states -- D. The Threats of Unconventional Power -- E. The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction -- F. Technology -- G. The Battle of Narratives -- H. Urbanization -- PART IV: THE IMPLICATIONS FOR THE JOINT FORCE -- A. War in the Twenty-First Century -- B. Preparing for War -- C. The Conduct of Military Operations in the Twenty-First Century -- D. Professional Military Education: The Critical Key to the Future -- PART V: SOME LEADING QUESTIONS.

A. Defense Economics and Acquisition Policies -- B. The Personnel System -- PART VI: CONCLUDING THOUGHTS -- End Notes -- INDEX.