Framework of CLINECS -- “CLINECS”: Strategy and Tactics to Provide Evidence of the Usefulness of Health Care Services from the Patient's Perspective (Value for Patients) -- Systems View of Health Care -- Ethics and Philosophy -- Seeking Justice in Health Care -- Evidence-Based Medicine and Ethics: Desired and Undesired Effects of Screening -- Paradoxes of Medical Progress: Abandoned Patients, Physicians, and Nurses -- Theory Behind the Bridge Principles -- Psychology -- How to Measure Quality of Life -- New Instrument to Describe Indicators of Well-Being in Old Old Patients with Severe Dementia: Vienna List -- Patient Empowerment: Increased Compliance or Total Transformation? -- Shared Decision Making in Medicine -- Clinical Practice -- Overdiagnosis and Pseudodisease: Too Much of a “Good Thing”? -- Palliative Medicine Today: Evidence and Culture -- Medical Geography–Who Gets the Goods? More May Not Be Better -- Cancer Survival in Europe and the United States -- Patient Safety: What Does It Mean in the United States? -- Increasing Safety by Implementing Optimized Team Interaction: Experience from the Aviation Industry -- Evidence-Based Information Technology: Concept for Rational Information Processing in the Health Care System -- Economically Oriented Analyses -- Cost-Effectiveness Analysis: Measuring the Value of Health Care Services -- Cost-Effectiveness of Lung Volume Reduction Surgery -- Health Economic Evaluation of Adjuvant Breast Cancer Treatment -- Aims and Value of Screening: Is Perceived Safety a Value for Which to Pay? -- Clinical Epidemiology -- Evidence-Based Health Care Seen From Four Points of View -- Efficacy, Effectiveness, and Efficiency of Diagnostic Technology -- Reduced Mammographic Screening May Explain Declines in Breast Carcinoma Among Older Women -- “Fading of Reported Effectiveness” Bias: Longitudinal Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials -- Clinical Research and Outcomes Research: Common Criteria and Differences -- Are the Results of Randomized Trials Influenced by Preference Effects? Part I. Findings from a Systematic Review -- Are the Results of Randomized Trials Influenced by Preference Effects? Part II. Why Current Studies Often Fail to Answer this Question -- Conclusion and Outlook -- Suggested Changes in Practice, Research, and Systems: Clinical Economics Point of View.