Geophysics and Climate Simulations -- Sustained Performance of 10+ Teraflop/s in Simulation on Seismic Waves Using 507 Nodes of the Earth Simulator -- Cloud-Resolving Simulation of Tropical Cyclones -- OPA9 — French Experiments on the Earth Simulator and Teraflop Workbench Tunings -- TERAFLOP Computing and Ensemble Climate Model Simulations -- Computational Fluid Dynamics -- Current Capability of Unstructured-Grid CFD and a Consideration for the Next Step -- Smart Suction — an Advanced Concept for Laminar Flow Control of Three-Dimensional Boundary Layers -- Supercomputing of Flows with Complex Physics and the Future Progress -- Large-Scale Computations of Flow Around a Circular Cylinder -- Performance Assessment and Parallelisation Issues of the CFD Code NSMB -- Multiphysics Computational Fluid Dynamics -- High Performance Computing Towards Silent Flows -- Fluid-Structure Interaction: Simulation of a Tidal Current Turbine -- Coupled Problems in Computational Modeling of the Respiratory System -- FSI Simulations on Vector Systems — Development of a Linear Iterative Solver (BLIS) -- Chemistry and Astrophysics -- Simulations of Premixed Swirling Flames Using a Hybrid Finite-Volume/Transported PDF Approach -- Supernova Simulations with the Radiation Hydrodynamics Code PROMETHEUS/VERTEX -- Material Science -- Green Chemistry from Supercomputers: Car-Parrinello Simulations of Emim-Chloroaluminates Ionic Liquids -- Micromagnetic Simulations of Magnetic Recording Media -- Future High Performance Systems -- The Potential of On-Chip Memory Systems for Future Vector Architectures -- The Road to TSUBAME and Beyond.