Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Common abbreviations used in the text -- Introduction -- 1 Singular health care of women -- Research -- Exclusion and extension -- New guidelines for research -- Women in population studies -- Societal differences between men and women that affect health -- Caregiving -- Insurance -- Living circumstances -- Elderly women -- Inherent physical and medical differences between women and men -- Immunology -- Drug use and metabolism -- Pregnancy -- Specific examples -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- Preventive care -- 2 Preventive care of adolescents -- Concerns unique to adolescents -- Normal growth and development -- Recommendations -- Organizations -- Health maintenance issues -- Sexuality -- The first pelvic examination -- Recommendations for STD screening -- Contraception and STD prevention -- Special issues -- Substance abuse -- Eating disorders (see chapter 28) -- Dental health -- Risk-taking behavior -- School issues -- Safety -- Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- 3 Preventive care of adults (19 to 65 years) -- Introduction -- Causes of mortality -- Strength of evidence -- New guidelines -- Screening -- Physical examination -- Specific screening tests -- Immunizations/prophylaxis -- Rubella -- Hormone replacement therapy -- Aspirin therapy -- Counselling behavioral changes -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 4 Preventive care for older adults -- Goals of preventive care for the older woman -- General assessment -- Well-being/living situation/independence -- Caregiving responsibilities -- Presence of chronic disease -- Access to care -- Insurance coverage/underinsurance -- Mobility -- Language/acculturation -- Emotional/mental status/cognitive functioning -- Functional assessment -- Activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living -- Ambulation/activity patterns.

Diet/nutrition -- Risk assessment (Appendix 4.1) -- Risk of elder abuse -- Risk for substance abuse -- Risk of injury -- Periodic medical care -- Examination frequency -- Immunizations -- Screening (Table 4.8) -- Chemoprophylaxis -- Aspirin -- Postmenopausal therapies -- Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- 5 Cigarette smoking and cessation -- Epidemiology -- Effects of smoking -- Cardiovascular disease -- Respiratory system -- Stroke -- Bone -- Early menopause and decreased fertility -- Breast cancer -- Cervical cancer -- Incontinence -- Smoking cessation -- Quitting improves risks -- Differences in women quitting smoking -- Smoking cessation advice -- Methods of quitting smoking -- Pregnancy and smoking -- Smoking and exogenous estrogen -- OCPs -- Hormone replacement therapy -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 6 Nutrition -- Introduction -- Basic diet -- Basic diet for special groups -- Adolescents -- Pregnancy and lactation (see Chapter 13) -- Elderly -- Diet as therapy (Table 6.3) -- Vegetarianism -- Diabetes -- Hypertension -- Heart disease -- Cancer -- Breast disease -- Osteoporosis: For dietary calcium needs, see Chapter 29. -- Menstrual disorders -- Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- 7 Exercise -- Introduction -- The benefits of exercise -- Physiological -- Treatment -- Psychological -- Social benefits -- Studies of current inactivity -- Revised exercise recommendations -- Definition of moderate physical activity -- Barriers to exercise -- Barriers -- Readiness for exercise -- Initial assessment before a program -- History -- Receptivity -- Fitness evaluation -- Designing an exercise program -- Planning -- Exercise prescription -- Perceived exertion rating (RPE) -- Rate of progession in cardiovascular conditioning -- Weight loss tips -- Aerobics -- Project PACE -- Special considerations -- Exercise and menses -- Exercise and pregnancy -- Exercise and youth.

Exercise and menopause -- Exercise and the elderly woman -- Exercise and the disabled woman -- Potential problems with exercise -- Injury -- Sudden death -- Coronary risk -- Female athlete triad -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- Psychosocial health -- 8 Psychosocial health of well women through the life cycle -- Definitions -- Theories of early psychological development -- Women's psychological development -- Principles of psychosocial care for women -- Psychosocial health through the life cycle: adolescents -- Adult women -- Older women -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- Sexuality -- 9 Sexuality and sexual dysfunction through the life cycle -- Introduction -- Medical concerns -- Physician reluctance -- Cultural obstacles -- Sexuality and adolescence -- Initiation of sexual intimacy -- Sexuality, STDs and unplanned pregnancy -- Physician interaction -- Pregnancy -- Changes in desire and function -- Post partum -- Medical problems and sexuality -- Cancer -- Gynecological cancers -- Breast cancer -- Disability -- Chronic illness -- Medications and sexuality -- Effects -- Specific medications -- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors -- Alcohol -- Midlife -- Physiological changes -- Sexual history -- Interest -- Facilitation -- Elderly -- Dementia -- Sexual relationships in long-term facilities -- Common sexual dysfunctions -- Decreased sexual desire -- Sexual arousal disorders -- Orgasmic disorders -- Vaginismus -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 10 Contraception -- Introduction -- Emergency contraception -- Method -- Effectiveness -- Doses and medication -- Abstinence -- Fertility awareness -- Coitus interruptus/withdrawal -- Spermicides/sponges -- Condoms -- Diaphragm -- Cervical cap -- Oral contraceptive pills -- Injectable progestin -- Impact -- Method -- Postuse fertility -- Injectable progestin -- Side effects -- Alternatives.

Subdermal implantable progestin contraceptive -- Method -- Future developments -- Efficacy -- Postuse fertility -- Cancer effects -- Side effects -- Warnings -- Intrauterine devices -- Efficacy -- Method -- Pathophysiology -- Side effects -- Contraindications -- Types of IUDs -- Follow-up -- Sterilization -- Female sterilization -- Male sterilization -- Special populations -- Adolescents -- Postpartum women -- Breast-feeding women -- Perimenopausal women -- Women with disabilities -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 11 Infertility and adoption -- INFERTILITY -- Impact -- Etiology -- Evaluation and collaborative treatment -- Indications for more immediate referral for infertility consultant -- Specialist function and technology -- Anovulation treatment -- Assisted reproductive technologies -- Psychological effects of infertility -- ADOPTION -- Impact -- Caring for the birthmother -- Care of adoptive mother -- Fitting the child into the family -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 12 Special issues with lesbian patients -- Introduction -- Psychosocial issues -- Barriers to health care -- Domestic violence -- Depression -- Substance abuse -- Adolescents -- Elderly -- Health care screening -- Cervical cancer screening -- Breast cancer -- Bone density screening -- STDs/HIV -- Family planning and parenting -- Strategies for optimizing lesbian health care -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 13 Medical care and pregnancy: common preconception and antepartum issues -- The preconception approach to medical care -- Preconception counselling -- Dietary precautions -- Occupational concerns -- Chronic medical problems -- Assessment of poor pregnancy outcome -- Common medical issues in the antepartum period -- Medication use in pregnancy -- Medical care in pregnancy -- Physiological changes -- Diagnostic measures -- Medical care of common acute conditions.

Medical care of chronic illness in pregnancy -- Diabetes -- Hypertension -- Seizure disorders -- Asthma -- Heart disease -- Inflammatory bowel disease -- Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- Genitourinary medicine -- 14 Menstrual disorders -- Amenorrhea -- Definition -- Importance -- Etiology (Table 14.1) -- Evaluation -- Treatment -- Prognosis -- Polycystic ovary disease -- Definition -- Presentation -- Symptoms -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Abnormal vaginal bleeding -- Definitions -- Epidemiology -- Etiology (Figure 14.2) -- Evaluation -- Diagnosis by age -- Treatment -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 15 Sexually transmitted diseases -- Gonococcal (GC) infections -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Clinical presentation -- Treatment and follow-up -- Prevention -- Patient education -- Special considerations -- Chlamydia infections -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Cost -- Clinical presentation -- Treatment -- Follow-up -- Prevention -- Patient education -- Special considerations -- Syphilis -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Costs -- Clinical presentation -- Treatment -- Follow-up -- Prevention -- Patient education -- Special considerations -- Genital herpes -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Clinical presentation -- Treatment -- Prevention -- Patient education -- Special considerations -- Pelvic inflammatory disease -- Definition -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Clinical presentation -- Differential diagnosis -- Treatment -- Follow-up -- Prevention -- Patient education -- Special considerations -- HIV/AIDS -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Clinical presentation -- Treatment -- Prophylaxis and prevention -- Special consideration -- Hepatitis B -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Clinical disease -- Treatment -- Prevention -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 16 Vaginitis -- Definition -- Epidemiology -- Bacterial vaginosis -- Vulvovaginal candidiasis -- Trichomoniasis -- Signs and symptoms.

Presentation.