Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Evolution from 2G over 3G to 4G -- 1.1 First Half of the 1990s-Voice-Centric Communication -- 1.2 Between 1995 and 2000: The Rise of Mobility and the Internet -- 1.3 Between 2000 and 2005: Dot Com Burst, Web 2.0, Mobile Internet -- 1.4 Between 2005 and 2010: Global Coverage, Fixed Line VoIP, and Mobile Broadband -- 1.5 2010 and Beyond -- 1.6 All over IP in Mobile-The Biggest Challenge -- 1.7 Summary -- Chapter 2 Beyond 3G Network Architectures -- 2.1 Overview -- 2.2 UMTS, HSPA, and HSPA+ -- 2.2.1 Introduction -- 2.2.2 Network Architecture -- 2.2.2.1 The Base Stations -- 2.2.2.2 The Radio Network Controllers -- 2.2.2.3 The Mobile Switching Center -- 2.2.2.4 The SIM Card -- 2.2.2.5 The SMSC -- 2.2.2.6 Service Control Points -- 2.2.2.7 Billing -- 2.2.2.8 The Packet-Switched Core Network -- 2.2.2.9 The Serving GPRS Support Node -- 2.2.2.10 The Gateway GPRS Support Node -- 2.2.2.11 Interworking with GSM -- 2.2.3 Air Interface and Radio Network -- 2.2.3.1 The CDMA Principle -- 2.2.3.2 UMTS Channel Structure -- 2.2.3.3 Radio Resource Control States -- 2.2.3.4 Mobility Management in the Radio Network for Dedicated Connections -- 2.2.3.5 Radio Network Mobility Management in Idle, Cell-FACH, and Cell/URA-PCH State -- 2.2.3.6 Mobility Management in the Packet-Switched Core Network -- 2.2.4 HSPA (HSDPA and HSUPA) -- 2.2.4.1 Shared Channels -- 2.2.4.2 Multiple Spreading Codes -- 2.2.4.3 Higher Order Modulation -- 2.2.4.4 Scheduling, Modulation, and Coding, HARQ -- 2.2.4.5 Cell Updates and Handovers -- 2.2.4.6 HSUPA -- 2.2.5 HSPA+ and other Improvements: Competition for LTE -- 2.2.5.1 64QAM Modulation in the Downlink -- 2.2.5.2 Dual Carrier Operation in the Downlink -- 2.2.5.3 MIMO.

2.2.5.4 16QAM Modulation and Dual-Carrier Operation in the Uplink -- 2.2.5.5 Multicarrier and Multiband Operation -- 2.2.5.6 Continuous Packet Connectivity -- 2.2.5.7 Enhanced Cell-FACH, Cell/URA PCH States -- 2.2.5.8 Radio Network Enhancement: One-Tunnel -- 2.2.6 Competition for LTE in 5 MHz -- 2.3 LTE -- 2.3.1 Introduction -- 2.3.2 Network Architecture -- 2.3.2.1 Enhanced Base Stations -- 2.3.2.2 Core Network to Radio Access Network Interface -- 2.3.2.3 Gateway to the Internet -- 2.3.2.4 Interface to the User Database -- 2.3.2.5 Moving between Radio Technologies -- 2.3.2.6 The Packet Call becomes History -- 2.3.3 Air Interface and Radio Network -- 2.3.3.1 Downlink Data Transmission -- 2.3.3.2 Uplink Data Transmission -- 2.3.3.3 Physical Parameters -- 2.3.3.4 From Slots to Frames -- 2.3.3.5 Reference Symbols, Signals, and Channels -- 2.3.3.6 Downlink: Broadcast Channel -- 2.3.3.7 Downlink: Paging Channel -- 2.3.3.8 Downlink and Uplink: Dedicated Traffic and Control Channels and their Mapping to the Shared Channel -- 2.3.3.9 Downlink: Physical Layer Control Channels -- 2.3.3.10 Uplink: Physical Layer Control Channels -- 2.3.3.11 Dynamic and Persistent Scheduling Grants -- 2.3.3.12 MIMO Transmission -- 2.3.3.13 LTE Throughput Calculations -- 2.3.3.14 Radio Resource Control -- 2.3.3.15 RRC Connected State -- 2.3.3.16 RRC Idle State -- 2.3.3.17 Treatment of Data Packets in the eNodeB -- 2.3.4 Basic Procedures -- 2.3.4.1 Network Search and Broadcasting System Information -- 2.3.4.2 Initial Contact with the Network -- 2.3.4.3 Authentication -- 2.3.4.4 Requesting an IP Address -- 2.3.5 Summary and Comparison with HSPA -- 2.3.6 LTE-Advanced -- 2.3.6.1 Carrier Aggregation -- 2.3.6.2 MIMO Enhancements -- 2.3.6.3 CoMP-Coordinated Multi-Point Operation -- 2.3.6.4 Hetnets and eICIC -- 2.3.6.5 LTE-Advanced Summary -- 2.4 802.11 Wi-Fi.

2.4.1 Introduction -- 2.4.2 Network Architecture -- 2.4.2.1 The Wireless Network in a Box -- 2.4.2.2 Network Address Translation -- 2.4.2.3 Larger Wi-Fi Networks -- 2.4.3 The Air Interface-From 802.11b to 802.11n -- 2.4.3.1 802.11b-The Breakthrough -- 2.4.3.2 802.11g-The Mainstream -- 2.4.3.3 802.11a-The Forgotten Standard -- 2.4.3.4 802.11n-Breaking the Speed Barrier -- 2.4.4 Air Interface and Resource Management -- 2.4.4.1 Medium Access -- 2.4.4.2 Access Point Centric Operation -- 2.4.4.3 An Example Frame -- 2.4.4.4 Sleep Mode -- 2.4.5 Basic Procedures -- 2.4.6 Wi-Fi Security -- 2.4.6.1 Early Wi-Fi Security -- 2.4.6.2 Wi-Fi Security in Home Networks today -- 2.4.6.3 Security for Large Office Networks -- 2.4.6.4 Wi-Fi Security in Public Hotspots -- 2.4.7 Quality of Service: 802.11e -- 2.4.8 Gigabit Speeds with 802.11ac and 802.11ad -- 2.4.9 Summary -- Chapter 3 Network Capacity and Usage Scenarios -- 3.1 Usage in Developed Markets and Emerging Economies -- 3.2 How to Control Mobile Usage -- 3.2.1 Per Minute Charging -- 3.2.2 Volume Charging -- 3.2.3 Split Charging -- 3.2.4 Small Screen Flat Rates -- 3.2.5 Strategies to Inform Users when their Subscribed Data Volume is Used Up -- 3.2.6 Mobile Internet Access and Prepaid -- 3.3 Measuring Mobile Usage from a Financial Point of View -- 3.4 Cell Capacity in Downlink -- 3.5 Current and Future Frequency Bands for Cellular Wireless -- 3.6 Cell Capacity in Uplink -- 3.7 Per-User Throughput in Downlink -- 3.8 Per-User Throughput in Uplink -- 3.9 Traffic Estimation Per User -- 3.10 Overall Wireless Network Capacity -- 3.11 Network Capacity for Train Routes, Highways, and Remote Areas -- 3.12 When will GSM be Switched Off? -- 3.13 Cellular Network VoIP Capacity -- 3.14 Wi-Fi VoIP Capacity -- 3.15 Wi-Fi and Interference.

3.16 Wi-Fi Capacity in Combination with DSL, Cable, and Fiber -- 3.17 Backhaul for Wireless Networks -- 3.18 A Hybrid Cellular/Wi-Fi Network Today and in the Future -- Chapter 4 Voice over Wireless -- 4.1 Circuit-Switched Mobile Voice Telephony -- 4.1.1 Circuit Switching -- 4.1.2 A Voice-Optimized Radio Network -- 4.1.3 The Pros of Circuit Switching -- 4.1.4 The Bearer Independent Core Network Architecture -- 4.2 Packet-Switched Voice Telephony -- 4.2.1 Network and Applications are Separate in Packet-Switched Networks -- 4.2.2 Wireless Network Architecture for Transporting IP Packets -- 4.2.3 Benefits of Migrating Voice Telephony to IP -- 4.2.4 Voice Telephony Evolution and Service Integration -- 4.2.5 Voice Telephony over IP: The End of the Operator Monopoly -- 4.3 SIP Telephony over Fixed and Wireless Networks -- 4.3.1 SIP Registration -- 4.3.2 Establishing a SIP Call between Two SIP Subscribers -- 4.3.3 Session Description -- 4.3.4 The Real-Time Transfer Protocol -- 4.3.5 Establishing a SIP Call between a SIP and a PSTN Subscriber -- 4.3.6 Proprietary Components of a SIP System -- 4.3.7 Network Address Translation and SIP -- 4.4 Voice and Related Applications over IMS -- 4.4.1 IMS Basic Architecture -- 4.4.2 The P-CSCF -- 4.4.3 The S-CSCF and Application Servers -- 4.4.4 The I-CSCF and the HSS -- 4.4.5 Media Resource Functions -- 4.4.6 User Identities, Subscription Profiles, and Filter Criteria -- 4.4.7 IMS Registration Process -- 4.4.8 IMS Session Establishment -- 4.4.9 Voice Telephony Interworking with Circuit-Switched Networks -- 4.4.10 Push-to-Talk, Presence, and Instant Messaging -- 4.4.11 Voice Call Continuity, Dual Radio, and Single Radio Approaches -- 4.4.12 IMS with Wireless LAN Hotspots and Private Wi-Fi Networks -- 4.4.13 IMS and TISPAN -- 4.4.14 IMS on the Mobile Device.

4.4.14.1 Initial IMS Application Deployments -- 4.4.14.2 IMS as an API on Mobile Devices -- 4.4.15 Rich Communication Service (RCS-e) -- 4.4.16 Voice over LTE (VoLTE) -- 4.4.17 Challenges for IMS Rollouts -- 4.4.17.1 Circuit-Switched Voice and SMS -- 4.4.17.2 Network Capabilities -- 4.4.17.3 Solution Complexity -- 4.4.17.4 Network Interoperability -- 4.4.17.5 Mobile Device Capabilities -- 4.4.17.6 Mobile Device and Application Interoperability -- 4.4.17.7 Business Model -- 4.4.17.8 Service Development and Processes -- 4.4.18 Opportunities for IMS Rollouts -- 4.4.18.1 B3G Network Design -- 4.4.18.2 Fixed Line Network Evolution as Role Model and Complement -- 4.4.18.3 Preconfigured Services -- 4.4.18.4 National Telecom Infrastructure -- 4.4.18.5 Conclusion -- 4.5 Voice over DSL and Cable with Femtocells -- 4.5.1 Femtocells from the Network Operator's Point of View -- 4.5.2 Femtocells from the User's Point of View -- 4.5.3 Conclusion -- 4.6 Unlicensed Mobile Access and Generic Access Network -- 4.6.1 Technical Background -- 4.6.2 Advantages, Disadvantages, and Pricing Strategies -- 4.7 Network Operator Deployed Voice over IP Alternatives -- 4.7.1 CS Fallback -- 4.7.2 Voice over LTE via GAN -- 4.7.3 Dual-Radio Devices -- 4.8 Over-the-Top (OTT) Voice over IP Alternatives -- 4.9 Which Voice Technology will Reign in the Future? -- Chapter 5 Evolution of Mobile Devices and Operating Systems -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 The ARM Architecture -- 5.1.2 The x86 Architecture for Mobile Devices -- 5.1.3 Changing Worlds: Android on x86, Windows on ARM -- 5.1.4 From Hardware to Software -- 5.2 The System Architecture for Voice-Optimized Devices -- 5.3 The System Architecture for Multimedia Devices -- 5.4 Mobile Graphics Acceleration -- 5.4.1 2D Graphics -- 5.4.2 3D Graphics -- 5.5 Hardware Evolution -- 5.5.1 Chipset.

5.5.2 Process Shrinking.