Contents -- Editor's Introduction -- Translator's Introduction -- Elements of Universal Jurisprudence in Two Books -- Preface -- BOOK I -- Definition 1: HUMAN ACTIONS ARE SAID [TO BE] THE VOLUNTARY ACTIONS OF MAN IN COMMUNAL LIFE, REGARDED WITH THE IMPUTATION OF THEIR EFFECTS -- Definition 3: A 'STATE' IS A SUPPOSITIVE MORAL ENTITY IN WHICH POSITIVE MORAL OBJECTS, AND ESPECIALLY PERSONS, ARE SAID TO BE -- Definition 4: A MORAL PERSON IS A PERSON REGARDED WITH THE STATUS WHICH HE HAS IN COMMUNAL LIFE -- Definition 5: A MORAL THING IS A THING REGARDED WITH RESPECT TO ITS PERTINENCE TO PERSONS -- Definition 7: AUTHORITY IS AN ACTIVE MORAL POWER BY WHICH A PERSON CAN PERFORM A VOLUNTARY ACTION LEGITIMATELY AND WITH A MORAL EFFECT -- Definition 8: A RIGHT IS AN ACTIVE MORAL POWER, BELONGING TO A PERSON, TO HAVE SOMETHING FROM ANOTHER BY NECESSITY -- Definition 10: PRICE IS THE MORAL QUANTITY OR VALUE OF MERCHANDISE OR THINGS, AND OF ACTIONS THAT ARE GOOD FOR MAN IN COMMUNAL LIFE, IN ACCORDANCE WITH WHICH THEY ARE FIT TO BE COMPARED WITH ONE ANOTHER -- Definition 11: PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN ACTION ARE [THINGS] FROM WHICH HUMAN ACTION ARISES, ON WHICH IT DEPENDS, AND BY WHICH IT IS COMPLETED -- Definition 12: OBLIGATION IS AN OPERATIVE MORAL QUALITY BY WHICH SOMEONE IS BOUND EITHER TO FURNISH, OR TO ADMIT OR SUFFER SOMETHING -- Definition 13: A LAW IS A DECREE BY WHICH A SUPERIOR OBLIGATES SOMEONE SUBJECT TO HIMSELF TO DIRECT HIS ACTIONS ACCORDING TO WHAT THE SUPERIOR PRESCRIBES -- Definition 14: AUTHORITY IS AN ACTIVE MORAL POWER BY WHICH A PERSON CAN PERFORM AN ACTION LEGITIMATELY AND WITH A DIRECT MORAL EFFECT -- Definition 16: A GOOD ACTION IS ONE THAT AGREES WITH THE LAW, AN EVIL ACTION ONE THAT DISAGREES WITH IT -- Definition 19: THAT WHICH IS PRODUCED BY A MORAL ACTION IS SAID TO BE ITS EFFECT -- BOOK II.

Axiom 1: ANY ACTION WHATSOEVER THAT CAN BE DIRECTED TO A MORAL NORM, AND WHOSE PERFORMANCE OR NON-PERFORMANCE IS UNDER A PERSON'S CONTROL, CAN BE IMPUTED TO HIM. AND, ON THE CONTRARY, AN ACTION THAT WAS NOT UNDER A PERSON'S CONTROL, EITHER IN ITSELF OR IN ITS CAUSE CANNOT BE IMPUTED TO HIM (AS A DEBT, THAT IS -- THOUGH IF SOME GOOD HAS BEEN [PROVIDED] IT IS WELL FOR SOMEONE TO IMPUTE IT OUT OF GRATITUDE) -- Axiom 2: ANYONE CAN EFFECTIVELY (OR WITH THE OBLIGATION TO FURNISH THEM) ENJOIN ON SOMEONE SUBJECT TO HIMSELF THOSE THINGS TO WHICH HIS AUTHORITY OVER THE OTHER EXTENDS ITSELF -- Observation 1: MAN CAN JUDGE CORRECTLY CONCERNING THINGS APPREHENDED BY THE POWER OF THE UNDERSTANDING -- Observation 2: MAN CAN MOVE HIMSELF FROM AN INTERNAL PRINCIPLE EITHER TO UNDERTAKE OR TO OMIT A CERTAIN ACTION -- Observation 3: MAN HAS BEEN DESTINED BY NATURE TO LIVE A SOCIAL LIFE WITH MEN -- Observation 4: RIGHT REASON DICTATES THAT MAN MUST CARE FOR HIMSELF IN SUCH A WAY THAT HUMAN SOCIETY IS NOT DISTURBED -- Observation 5: THE LAW OF NATURE ALONE DOES NOT DIRECTLY SUFFICE TO PRESERVE THE SOCIAL LIFE OF MAN, BUT IT IS ALSO NECESSARY THAT SOVEREIGNTIES BE ESTABLISHED IN PARTICULAR SOCIETIES -- On the Law of Nature and of Nations in Eight Books -- [Preface to the First Edition] -- BOOK I -- Chapter 1: ON THE ORIGIN AND VARIETY OF MORAL ENTITIES -- Chapter 3: ON THE HUMAN UNDERSTANDING' S CONTRIBUTION TO MORAL ACTIONS -- Chapter 4: ON THE HUMAN WILL'S CONTRIBUTION TO MORAL ACTIONS -- Chapter 5: ON MORAL ACTIONS IN GENERAL -- Chapter 6: ON THE NORM OF MORAL ACTIONS, OR, ON LAW IN GENERAL -- Chapter 7: ON THE QUALITIES OF MORAL ACTIONS -- BOOK II -- Chapter 1: IT DOES NOT SUIT MAN'S NATURE TO LIVE WITHOUT LAW -- Chapter 2: ON THE NATURAL STATE OF MEN -- Chapter 3: ON THE LAW OF NATURE IN GENERAL -- BOOK III.

Chapter 1: THAT NO ONE BE HURT, AND THAT ANY DAMAGE DONE BE REPAIRED -- Chapter 2: THAT ALL MEN BE CONSIDERED NATURALLY EQUAL -- Chapter 3: ON THE GENERAL DUTIES OF HUMANITY -- Chapter 4: ON KEEPING FAITH, AND ON THE DIVISIONS OF OBLIGATIONS -- Chapter 5: ON THE NATURE OF PROMISES AND PACTS IN GENERAL -- Chapter 6: ON THE CONSENT REQUIRED IN PROMISES AND PACTS -- Chapter 7: ON THE MATTER OF PROMISES AND PACTS -- BOOK IV -- Chapter 3: ON HUMANKIND'S FACULTY OVER THINGS -- Chapter 4: ON THE ORIGIN OF DOMINION -- Chapter 6: ON OCCUPANCY -- Chapter 9: ON THE TRANSFER OF DOMINION IN GENERAL -- BOOK V -- Chapter 1: ON PRICE -- Chapter 2: ON CONTRACTS (WHICH PRESUPPOSE THE PRICE OF THINGS) IN GENERAL -- BOOK VI -- Chapter 1: ON MARRIAGE -- Chapter 2: ON PATERNAL AUTHORITY -- BOOK VII -- Chapter 1: ON THE CAUSE IMPELLING MEN TO ESTABLISH THE STATE -- Chapter 2: ON THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF STATES -- Chapter 3: ON THE GENERATION OF SUPREME CIVIL SOVEREIGNTY OR MAJESTY -- Chapter 4: ON THE PARTS OF SUPREME SOVEREIGNTY AND THEIR NATURAL CONNECTION -- Chapter 5: ON THE FORMS OF COMMONWEALTHS -- Chapter 6: ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPREME SOVEREIGNTY -- Chapter 8: ON THE SANCTITY OF SUPREME CIVIL SOVEREIGNTY -- Chapter 9: ON THE DUTY OF SUPREME SOVEREIGNS -- BOOK VIII -- Chapter 1: ON THE RIGHT TO DIRECT THE ACTIONS OF CITIZENS -- Chapter 3: ON THE SUPREME SOVEREIGNTY'S AUTHORITY OVER THE LIFE AND GOODS OF CITIZENS ON ACCOUNT OF THEIR CRIMES -- Chapter 4: ON THE SUPREME CIVIL SOVEREIGNTY'S AUTHORITY TO DETERMINE THE VALUE OF CITIZENS -- Chapter 6: ON THE LAW OF WAR -- Chapter 9: ON TREATIES -- Chapter 11: THE WAYS IN WHICH SOMEONE MAY CEASE TO BE A CITIZEN -- Chapter 12: ON THE CHANGE AND PERISHING OF STATES -- Selected Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W.