PREGNANCY AND INFANTS: MEDICAL ISSUES, DISEASES AND HEALTH -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS DURING PREGNANCY -- INTRODUCTION -- REPRODUCTIVE COUNSELING -- COUNSELING ON GENETIC ISSUES -- HORMONE-RELATED CHANGES IN PREGNANCY AND MS -- FERTILITY AND CONCEPTION IN MS -- MS TREATMENT DURING PREGNANCY -- MS AND DELIVERY -- RELAPSE RISK AFTER DELIVERY -- BREASTFEEDING -- LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF PREGNANCY ON MS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PREGNANCY OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH CELIAC DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. CELIAC AND FERTILITY -- A. Shorter Reproductive Period -- B. Male Infertility -- III. CELIAC DURING PREGNANCY -- IV. SCREENING -- V. TREATMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPENDICITIS DURING PREGNANCY: A SERIOUS DISEASE AND A DIAGNOSTIC PROBLEM -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- HISTORY -- INCIDENCE -- ANATOMICAL APPENDICEAL DISPLACEMENT -- DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES -- INFECTIOUS SIGNS AND LABORATORY TESTING -- RADIOLOGICAL IMAGING -- TREATMENT STRATEGY AND OUTCOME -- MATERNAL MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY AND FETAL LOSS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PROBIOTICS IN MATERNAL AND EARLY INFANT NUTRITION -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Microbial Acquisition and Evolution in the Newborn Intestine -- 3. Roles of the Intestinal Microbiota in Host Physiology and Immunity During the Early Postnatal Period -- 3.1. Roles of the Intestinal Microbiota in Host Physiology and Metabolism -- 3.2. Roles of the Intestinal Microbiota in Host Immunity -- 4. Influence of the Mother's Diet and Environmental Exposures in Fetal Programming and Infant's Health -- 5. Probiotic and Prebiotic Concepts and Applications -- 6. Influence of Probiotic Intake by Mother and Offspring in Animals -- 7. Influence of Probiotic by Mothers and Infants in Humans.

7.1. Influence of Maternal Probiotic Intake in the Intestinal Microbiota of the Infants -- 7.1. Influence of Maternal and Infant Probiotic Intake in Child Health -- Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- CLINICAL STAFF PERCEPTIONS OF THE TREATMENT OF PROCEDURAL PAIN IN NEONATES: EXPLORING A CHANGE PROCESS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Pain in neonates -- Implementation Research -- Rationale of This Study -- METHODS -- Subjects and Setting -- Instrument -- Definitions -- Procedures and Intervention Program -- 1. Planning -- 2. Implementation -- 3. Evaluation -- Statistical Analyses -- RESULTS -- Procedure Painfulness -- Actual Use of Pharmacological Agents -- Optimal Use of Pharmacological Agents -- Actual Use of Comfort Measures -- Optimal Use of Comfort Measures -- DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- BREASTFEEDING DURING CRISES AND EMERGENCIES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION -- Diseases and Infections -- Mortality and Morbidity -- Unaccompanied Children -- Malnutrition in Emergencies -- NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF CHILDREN AND BREASTFEEDING -- Advocacy for Breastfeeding during Emergencies and Crisis -- Misconceptions and Myths about Breastfeeding -- Maternal Nutritional Care -- Optimal Breastfeeding Practices in Emergencies -- The Relief Agencies Should Make Sure the Following -- Comply with the International Code -- Role of the Relief Agencies -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Relactation (WHO, 1998) -- Breast Milk Substitutes (BMS) (WHO/UNICEF, 2002) -- Other Recommendations -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.