Bridging Disciplines in the Brain, Behavioral, and Clinical Sciences -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- REVIEWERS -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE -- THE POTENTIAL OF INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH -- BARRIERS TO INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND TRAINING -- PREDOCTORAL AND POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING PROGRAMS -- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH TRAINING -- CAREER-LONG TRAINING OPPORTUNITIES -- EVALUATION-HOW DO YOU KNOW WHICH PROGRAMS WORK TO ENCOURAGE INTERDISCIPLINARY EFFORTS? -- 1 introduction -- INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH -- INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING -- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH -- INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN THE BRAIN, BEHAVIORAL, AND CLINICAL SCIENCES -- COMMITTEE PROCESS -- SCOPE AND STRUCTURE OF THIS REPORT -- REFERENCES -- 2 The Potential of Interdisciplinary Research to Solve Problems in the Brain, Behavioral, and Clinical Sciences -- NEUROSCIENCE: EVOLUTION OF A DISCIPLINE -- DISCIPLINARY WORK PROVIDES A FOUNDATION -- Human Genome Project -- Neuroanatomy of Ramon y Cajal -- TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH: TO THE CLINIC AND BACK AGAIN -- Breakthrough in Sickle Cell Anemia -- THE STORY OF PATIENT HM -- INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH: MAKING PROGRESS -- Cardiovascular Health and Behavior -- Schizophrenia -- INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH: FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- Pain -- Injuries -- Obesity -- EFFECTIVE FUNDING INITIATIVES IN INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH -- Alzheimer's Disease Centers -- PET CENTERS -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3 Barriers to Interdisciplinary Research and Training -- ATTITUDINAL BARRIERS -- COMMUNICATION BARRIERS -- Jargon -- Intellectual Turf -- Team Building -- Leadership -- Facilitating Interactions -- ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL BARRIERS -- Academic Structures -- Publications and Professional Organizations -- FUNDING BARRIERS -- Federal Funding -- Peer Review -- CAREER BARRIERS -- Duration of Training.

Debt -- Job Opportunities -- Staying Current -- Midcareer Retraining -- Special Challenges for the Clinician-Scientist -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 4 Interdisciplinary Training Programs -- UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMS -- PREDOCTORAL AND POSTDOCTORAL TRAINING -- Interdisciplinary Training Mechanisms for Predoctoral Students -- Interdisciplinary Training Mechanisms for Postdoctoral Fellows -- Funding Mechanisms for Predoctoral and Postdoctoral Fellows -- Investigator Awards -- Fellowships -- Institutional Awards -- Implementation of Programs -- Translational Research Training -- Training of Physician-Scientists -- Clinician-Scientists in Fields Other than Medicine -- Clinical Training for PhDs -- EARLY CAREER OPPORTUNITIES -- MIDCAREER EDUCATION -- Midcareer Investigator Awards -- Faculty Development Programs -- Workshops -- Multi-Institutional Programs -- NIH Centers -- NSF Centers -- Foundations -- INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING FOR UNDERREPRESENTED POPULATIONS -- Outreach to Undergraduates and High School Students -- Minority Faculty Development -- Minority Institutions -- Special Training Issues Concerning Women -- COLLABORATIONS AMONG FUNDING AGENCIES -- Collaboration within NIH: NIH Pain Research Consortium -- Collaboration Across Government Agencies -- The Human Brain Project Phase I Feasibility Studies -- NSF Partnerships -- Government-Foundation Collaborations -- Tobacco Use Research Centers -- NIH Interactions with Foundations -- Opportunities with Private Industry: GOALI -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 5 The Future of Interdisciplinary Research and Training -- INNOVATIVE APPROACHES AND OPPORTUNITIES -- EVALUATION -- Identifying Interdisciplinary Programs -- Evaluating Success -- Career Paths -- Changes in Universities and Funding Agencies -- A VISION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATION.

REFERENCES -- APPENDIX A Meeting and Workshop Agendas -- APPENDIX B Interviews and Consultations -- APPENDIX C Reviewed Training Programs -- APPENDIX D Select National Institutes of Health Mechanisms for Training and Research Support.