Iron Deficiency Anemia: -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- The Committee's Charge And Approach -- Major Issues -- DEFINING ANEMIA -- Hematologic Indicators Of Iron Nutrition -- PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AS A PUBLIC HEALTH PROBLEM -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH ON EXCESS IRON INTAKE -- DEVELOPING RECOMMENDED SCREENING AND INTERVENTION GUIDELINES -- INTERVENTION STRATEGIES: EFFICACY AND SAFETY -- Enrichment and Fortification -- Education and Dietary Change -- SUPPLEMENTATION FOR INFANTS AND CHILDREN -- SUPPLEMENTATION FOR WOMEN -- SAFETY -- Recommended Guidelines For Prevention, Detection, And Management Of Iron Deficiency Anemia -- INFANTS AND CHILDREN -- NONPREGNANT WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE -- PREGNANT WOMEN -- COMMENTS AND CAUTION ABOUT CUTOFF VALUES FOR LABORATORY TESTS -- COMMENTS AND CAUTION ABOUT ROUTINE USE OF FERRITIN VALUES -- Recommended Guidelines for Preventing and Treating Iron Deficiency Anemia in Infants and Children -- A. TERM, BREASTFED INFANTS -- B. TERM, FORMULA-FED INFANTS -- C. PRETERM INFANTS (POST DISCHARGE FROM HOSPITAL CARE) -- D. STARTING SOLID FOODS -- E. SCREEN FOR ANEMIA BY DETERMINING HEMOGLOBIN OR HEMATOCRIT -- F. TREATMENT FOR ANEMIC INFANTS AND CHILDREN -- G. CHILDREN OVER AGE 24 MONTHS -- Recommended Guidelines For Preventing And Treating Iron Deficiency Anemia In Nonpregnant Women Of Childbearing Age -- A. GENERAL SCREENING OF WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE -- B. ANEMIA SCREENING PROCEDURE, IF NECESSARY -- C. COUNSELING AND PREVENTIVE THERAPEUTIC MEASURES FOR NONANEMIC WOMEN -- D. TREATMENT FOR ANEMIC WOMEN -- E. ADVISE ON DIET -- Recommended Guidelines For Preventing And Treating Iron Deficiency Anemia In Pregnant Women -- A. SCREEN FOR ANEMIA AT THE FIRST PRENATAL VISIT AND TREAT AS APPROPRIATE -- B. SCREEN FOR ANEMIA AT THE SECOND-TRIMESTER VISIT AND TREAT AS APPROPRIATE.

C. SCREEN FOR ANEMIA AT THE THIRD-TRIMESTER VISIT AND TREAT AS APPROPRIATE -- D. SCREEN HIGH-RISK WOMEN FOR ANEMIA AT THE 4- TO 6-WEEK POSTPARTUM VISIT -- E. ADVISE ON DIET AT EACH PRENATAL VISIT -- Recommendations For Research -- EFFICACY OF ROUTINE IRON SUPPLEMENTATION DURING PREGNANCY -- RESEARCH BASE FOR PUBLIC POLICY -- Improved Data on Iron in the Food Supply -- Expand the Sample of Infants and Minorities in National Nutrition Surveys -- More Information on the Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anemia Among Adolescents -- New Determinants of Iron Deficiency Anemia in the First Trimester of Pregnancy -- Conduct Cost-Benefit Studies on the Use of Serum Ferritin Concentration Determinations -- Sensitivities and Specificities of New Tests to Measure Iron Status -- Alternative Approaches to the Prevention and Detection of Iron Deficiency Anemia -- REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- A Acknowledgments -- B Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Synthesis of Current Scientific Knowledge and U.S. Recommendations for for Prevention and… -- Review of Knowledge -- Metabolism and Physiology -- Iron in the Body -- Iron Homeostasis -- Body Iron Regulation -- Iron Loss and Absorption Differences between Women and Men -- Iron Needs During Pregnancy -- Iron Needs of Infants -- Childhood and Adolescence -- Absorption of Iron from Food -- Absorption of Iron from Iron-Fortified Foods -- Absorption of Iron from Iron-Containing Supplements -- Definitions of Anemia, Iron Deficiency Anemia, and Iron Deficiency -- Anemia -- Iron Deficiency Anemia -- Iron deficiency anemia -- Iron Deficiency -- Iron Deficiency Without Anemia -- Rationale for Detecting Iron Deficiency by Screening for Anemia -- Use of a Second Laboratory Test -- Consequences of Iron Deficiency -- Consequences of Iron Deficiency During Infancy and Childhood -- Consequences of Iron Deficiency During Pregnancy.

Anemia and the Outcome of Pregnancy -- Iron Deficiency Anemia and the Outcome of Pregnancy -- Emerging Issues And Future Directions -- Issues Involving the Possibility of Iron Excess -- Disease Caused by Oxidative Damage -- Increased Risk of Infection -- Interaction of Iron with Other Minerals -- Race and Differences in Hemoglobin Concentration -- Absorption of Iron from Multivitamin-Mineral Supplements and Certain Foods -- Association of Neural Tube Defects with Folate Deficiency in Early Pregnancy: Implications for the P ... -- Iron Supplements Often Are Not Taken Regularly -- Improving Compliance -- Iron Deficiency Increases the Risk of Lead Toxicity -- Iron Deficiency Anemia In Infants And Children: Prevalence And Recent Recommendations -- Magnitude of the Problem -- Preterm Infants -- Preschool Children, School-Age Children, And Adolescents -- Review of Earlier Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment -- Committee on Nutrition, American Academy of Pediatrics -- Term Infants -- Preterm Infants -- Canadian Pediatric Society -- Recommended Dietary Allowances, 10th Edition -- Infants to Age 3 Years -- Children Ages 3 Years and Older -- Iron Deficiency In Women Of Childbearing Potential: Prevalence And Recent Recommendations -- Magnitude of the Problem -- Nhanes II (1976-1980) -- Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System-United States, 1979-1990 -- Clinical Trials in Iron Supplemented Versus Unsupplemented Pregnant Women -- Review of Current Guidelines -- Committee on Professional Standards, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists -- Institute of Medicine: Nutrition During Pregnancy and Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: An I ... -- Nutrition During Pregnancy -- Nutrition During Pregnancy and Lactation: An Implementation Guide (IOM, 1992) -- Editorial Discussions.

International Recommendations Directed Primarily to Developing Countries -- Fao/Who (1988) -- World Health Organization -- International Nutritional Anemia Consultative Group -- References -- C Iron-Dependent Pathologies -- Heart Disease -- Cancer -- Brain Iron and Disease -- Parkinson's Disease -- Alzheimer's Disease -- Multiple Sclerosis -- References -- D Dietary Iron: Trends In The Iron Content Of Foods, Use Of Supplemental Iron, And The Framework For Regulation Of Iron In… -- Trends in the Iron Content of Foods and Consumption From Diet and the Use of Supplements -- Dietary Consumption Patterns -- Infant Cereals -- Potential Role Of Meat In Meeting Infants' Need For Absorbed Iron -- Use of Supplemental Iron Products -- Regulatory Framework For Iron Enrichment And Fortification -- References -- E Committee and Staff Biographies -- Committee -- Staff.