Vitamin C Fortification of Food Aid Commodities -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- BACKGROUND AND CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE -- METHODS -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Introduction -- THE COMMITTEE'S TASK -- THE STUDY PROCESS -- 2 Vitamin C: Needs and Functions -- PREVALENCE OF SCURVY -- VITAMIN C REQUIREMENTS -- OTHER FUNCTIONS OF VITAMIN C -- VITAMIN C AND IRON ABSORPTION -- 3 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis -- EFFECTIVENESS -- Vitamin C Objective -- Iron Objective -- COST -- COST-EFFECTIVENESS ESTIMATE -- Vitamin C Objective -- Assumptions Regarding Proportion of Beneficiaries at Risk of Vitamin C Deficiency and Scurvy: Size of the Target Population -- Assumptions Regarding Nutrient Losses -- Appropriateness of Blended Foods as a Strategy for Reducing the Risk of Vitamin C Deficiency -- Cost of Additional Fortification -- Ration Size -- Cost-Effectiveness -- Opportunity Cost -- Iron Objective -- 4 Results of the Vitamin C Pilot Program -- SUMMARY OF THE PILOT PROGRAM -- Determination of Vitamin C Uniformity in Commodities at Manufacture -- Determination of Vitamin C Stability from Manufacture to Distribution Sites -- Vitamin C Retention During Food Preparation -- MAJOR FINDINGS OF THE PILOT PROGRAM -- 5 Critique of the Pilot Program -- UNIFORMITY OF BLENDED COMMODITIES -- CAPABILITY OF THE PRODUCTION PROCESS TO MEET PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS -- STABILITY OF VITAMIN C DURING TRANSPORT AND STORAGE -- VITAMIN C COOKING LOSSES -- Haiti-WSB -- Tanzania-CSB -- General Comments -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- CONCLUSIONS -- Assessment of Vitamin C Status and Risk of Deficiency -- Occurrence of Scurvy -- Treatment of Scurvy -- Prevention of Scurvy -- Vitamin C-Fortified Rations -- Local Fortification -- Addition of Vitamin C-Containing Foods to Ration Packages -- Ensuring Access to Market.

Household Production of Vitamin C-Containing Foods -- Fortification of Title II Blended Commodities -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- Major Recommendations -- Research Recommendations -- References -- Appendix A Legislative Language for Increased Vitamin C Fortification -- SRPT 102-419 REPORT TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 5368 FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAM APPROPRIATION BILL, 1993 -- Increase in Vitamin C Fortification -- SRPT 103-142 REPORT TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 2295 FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAM APPROPRIATION BILL, 1993 -- Vitamin C Fortification -- HRPT 103-633 CONFERENCE REPORT TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 4426 MAKING APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FOREIGN OPERATIOOPERATIONS, EXPORT … -- Vitamin C -- HRPT 104-143 REPORT TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 1868 FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATIONS BILL, … -- Vitamin C Fortification -- SRPT 104-143 REPORT TO ACCOMPANY H.R. 1868 FOREIGN OPERATIONS, EXPORT FINANCING, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATION BILL, … -- Vitamin C Fortification -- Appendix B SUSTAIN Report Executive Summary -- RESULTS REPORT ON THE VITAMIN C PILOT PROGRAM -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- I. OBJECTIVE -- II. BACKGROUND -- Appendix C Letter from the United Nations World Food Programme -- Appendix D Biographical Sketches.