Cover -- Front Matter -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- A Note on Using This Guide -- Contents -- Figures, Tables, and Boxes -- Executive Summary -- 1 Postdoctoral Scholars in US Institutions -- 2 Features of the Postdoctoral Population -- 3 Rights, Opportunities, and Responsibilities of the Postdoc -- 4 The Postdoc and the Adviser -- 5 The Postdoc and the Institution -- 6 The Postdoc and the Funding Organization -- 7 The Postdoc and the Disciplinary Societies -- 8 Principles, Action Points, and Recommendations for Enhancing the Postdoctoral Experience -- Bibliography -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy: Member and Staff Biographical Information -- Appendix B Analysis of Quantitative Data on Postdocs -- Appendix C Results of Survey of Organizations with Postdoctoral Scholars -- Appendix D Summary of Workshop on Enhancing the Postdoctoral Experience -- Appendix E Summary of Results from Institutional Focus Groups.