ADVANCING MATERIALS RESEARCH -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- Part 1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES -- Advances in Materials Research and Development -- ORIGINS OF NATIONWIDE SOLID-STATE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING -- ISSUES EVOLVING FROM ENLARGED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY -- RECOGNITION OF NEW FRONTIERS -- ARRANGEMENTS FOR ONGOING ADVANCES -- SCIENTIFIC ADVANCES IN ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR STATE CHANGES -- PATTERNS FOR FURTHER ACTION-EXTENSIONS OF EARLY INITIATIVE -- NOTES -- APPENDIX COORDINATING MATERIALS RESEARCH IN THE UNITED STATES -- Materials Research Laboratories: The Early Years -- THE SCIENTIFIC SETTING -- THE PROGRAM TAKES SHAPE -- ASSESSING THE EXPERIENCE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- NOTES -- Materials Research Laboratories: Reviewing the First Twenty-Five Years -- INTERDISCIPLINARY LABORATORIES -- TRANSFER OF IDLs TO NSF -- THRUST GROUPS -- SUMMARY OF MRL ACCOMPLISHMENTS -- NOTES -- Part 2 THE STATUS OF SELECTED SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL AREAS -- Progress and Prospects in Metallurgical Research -- PROCESSING -- Steel Refining -- Controlled Rolling of Steel -- Rapid Solidification Processing -- Ion Implantation and Beam Processing -- Single-Crystal Processing -- MICROSTRUCTURAL REFINEMENT -- Strength and Toughness -- Superplasticity -- Nanocrystalline Metals -- Modulated Structures -- SOME SPECIAL METALLIC SYSTEMS FOR STRUCTURAL PURPOSES -- Ductile Ordered Alloys -- Metal-Matrix Composites -- METALS AS NONSTRUCTURAL MATERIALS -- Metallic Films and Metallization of Integrated Circuits -- Magnetic Alloys -- PHASE TRANSFORMATIONS -- Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation -- Martensitic Growth -- Transformation Plasticity and Toughening -- Displacive-Diffusional Transformations -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Metals -- DISLOCATIONS -- Elastic Theory -- Lattice Theory.

Grain Boundaries, Interfaces, and Partial Dislocations -- Problem Areas -- CRACKS -- J Integral -- Screening -- Problem Areas -- PROPERTIES OF COMPLEX ALLOYS -- Flow -- Ductile Fracture -- Brittle Fracture -- Alloy Design -- Problem Areas -- IMPURITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS -- Impurities -- Hydrogen Embrittlement -- Stress Corrosion Cracking -- Problem Areas -- FUTURE PROSPECTS -- Dislocations and Cracks -- Structural Materials -- New Materials -- SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- Condensed-Matter Physics and Materials Research -- HEAVY-ELECTRON COMPOUNDS -- THE QUANTIZED HALL EFFECT -- NOVEL FORMS OF STRUCTURAL ORDER -- ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION IN ULTRASMALL STRUCTURES AND QUANTUM INTERFERENCE EFFECTS IN DISORDERED ELECTRON SYSTEMS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- Quasi-Periodic Crystals: A Revolution in Crystallography -- CLASSICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY -- FERMENT IN RELATED FIELDS -- RAPID SOLIDIFICATION AND METASTABLE PHASES -- CRYSTALLOGRAPHY ON THE ELECTRON MICROSCOPE -- NOTES -- New and Artificially Structured Electronic and Magnetic Materials -- BULK MATERIALS -- ARTIFICIALLY STRUCTURED MATERIALS -- OBSTACLES AND ROUTES TO FURTHER DEVELOPMENT -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- Materials Research in Catalysis -- METAL CATALYSTS -- Chemisorption Measurements of Metal Dispersion -- Characterization of Metal Catalysts by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy -- Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance to Metal Catalysts -- BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS -- Metal Alloys as Catalysts -- Bimetallic Aggregates of Immiscible Components -- Bimetallic Clusters -- OTHER CATALYTIC MATERIALS -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- The Role of Chemistry in Materials Science -- THE CURRENT ROLE OF CHEMISTRY IN MATERIALS SCIENCE -- Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Composites -- Organosilicon Chemistry -- PROBLEMS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE ANDPOTENTIAL SOLUTIONS THROUGH CHEMISTRY.

Multilayer Substrates for Electronics -- High-Performance Composite Structures -- New Electronic Materials -- Polymeric Precursors to Ceramics -- Materials in Energy Conversion -- NEW MATERIALS, PROCESSES, ANDSTRATEGIES FROM MOLECULAR SCIENCE -- RELEVANCE OF BASIC CHEMICAL RESEARCH TOMATERIALS SCIENCE -- BIOLOGY: A STIMULUS TO CHEMISTRY ANDMATERIALS SCIENCE -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- NOTES -- Advanced Ceramics -- CERAMICS AND CHEMISTRY: CERAMIC SYNTHESIS -- CERAMICS AND METALLURGY: METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES -- CERAMICS AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING: TOUGHSTRUCTURAL CERAMICS -- CERAMICS AND MEDICINE: PROSTHETICS -- CERAMICS AND PHYSICS: ELECTRONIC ANDPHOTONICS COMPONENTS -- THE FUTURE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- Organic Polymers -- MORPHOLOGY AND PROPERTIES -- Crystalline Polymers -- Amorphous Polymers -- CURRENT APPLICATIONS -- Piezoelectric Polymers -- Polymer Precursors for Ceramics -- Silicon Chip Technology -- Implants in the Human Body -- MAJOR NEW APPLICATION THRUSTS -- Blends: Block Copolymers and Polymer Alloys -- Composites -- POLYMER SCIENCE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- New Ways of Looking at Surfaces -- SURFACE THEORY -- Total Energies -- Experimental Probes -- Kinetics -- Interfaces -- SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE -- SCATTERING EXPERIMENTS -- Techniques -- Results -- ELECTRONIC SPECTROSCOPIES -- Synchrotron Radiation Experiments -- Laboratory Sources -- VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY OF THE CRYSTAL SURFACES -- LASER-SURFACE INTERACTION -- Materials Synthesis and Processing -- STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES -- GLASS-CERAMIC MATERIALS -- GEL-DERIVED, CONTROLLED-POROSITY MATERIALS:ANTIREFLECTIVE COATINGS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- NOTES -- Part 3 CURRENT TOPICS IN MATERIALS RESEARCH -- Ensuring Contributions to Materials Science from Small-, Intermediate-, and Large-Scale Science -- INTRODUCTION.

PROBLEMS FACING SMALL-SCIENCE RESEARCH IN MATERIALS -- BASIC RESEARCH SUPPORTED BY MISSION AGENCIES -- THE TWO DOMAINS OF MATERIALS SCIENCE -- NEW DEMANDS ON MATERIALS SCIENCE -- Perspectives on Facilities and Instrumentation for Materials Research -- INTRODUCTION -- LARGE-SCALE FACILITIES FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH -- NATIONAL COMMITMENT TO FACILITIES AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH -- INSTRUMENTATION FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH -- Materials Research and the Corporate Sector -- INTRODUCTION -- AN AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY VIEWPOINT OF MATERIALS RESEARCH -- ELECTRONIC AND INFORMATION MATERIALS -- STRUCTURES PLASTICS AND FIBER-REINFORCEDPLASTIC COMPONENTS -- CERAMICS -- NONEQUILIBRIUM MATERIALS: RAPIDSOLIDIFICATION TECHNOLOGY -- MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY AND NEAR NET-SHAPEFABRICATION PROCESSING -- SURFACE-MODIFICATION TECHNOLOGY -- CONCLUSIONS -- MATERIALS FOR THE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY -- MATERIALS SCIENCE RESEARCH AND INDUSTRY -- MATERIALS AND THE INFORMATION AGE -- INNOVATION IN COMPLEX TECHNOLOGIES -- CHALLENGES TO MATERIALS SCIENCE ANDENGINEERING IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES -- HUMAN-MACHINE INTERFACE CHALLENGES -- BEYOND THE INFORMATION AGE -- Contributors -- Index.