Planetary Sciences -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- The Properties and Environment of Primitive Solar Nebulae as Deduced from Observations of Solar-Type Pre-Main Sequence... -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- RECENT OBSERVATIONAL RESULTS -- Current Observational Evidence for Disks Associated with Pre-Main Sequence Stars -- Frequency of Disk Occurrence -- The Effect of Stellar Companions on Disk Survival -- Disk Evolutionary Time Scales -- Disk Sizes and Morphologies -- The Disk Environment -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Numerical Two-Dimensional Calculations of the Formation of the Solar Nebula -- ABSTRACT -- OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE INITIAL SOLAR NEBULA -- THE PHYSICAL PROBLEM -- REVIEW OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL CALCULATIONS OF THE FORMATION PHASE -- RECENT MODELS WITH HYDRODYNAMICS AND RADIATIVE TRANSPORT -- FURTHER EVOLUTION OF THE SYSTEM -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Three-Dimensional Evolution of Early Solar Nebula -- INITIAL CONDITIONS FOR PROTOSTELLAR COLLAPSE -- SINGLE VERSUS BINARY STAR FORMATION -- ANGULAR MOMENTUM TRANSPORT MECHANISMS -- THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLAR NEBULA MODELS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR PLANETARY FORMATION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Formation and Evolution of the Protoplanetary Disk -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS -- CONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF STARS WITH DISKS -- EARLY EVOLUTION OF THE PROTOPLANETARY DISK -- TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS AND CONVECTION IN THE PROTOPLANETARY DISK -- REFERENCES -- Physical-Chemical Processes in a Protoplanetary Cloud -- ABSTRACT -- CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MOLECULAR INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS -- PROPERTIES AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESS IN THE GENESIS OF INTERSTELLAR DUST GRAINS -- THE ISOTOPE COMPOSITION OF VOLATILES IN BODIES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM -- REFERENCES.

Magnetohydrodynamic Puzzles in the Protoplanetary Nebula -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MAGNETIZATION OF METEORITES -- THE POSSIBLE ORIGIN OF A NEBULAR MAGNETIC FIELD -- THE POSSIBILITY OF MAGNETIC FLARES -- EXTERNAL MANIFESTATIONS -- DYNAMICAL EFFECTS OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD -- THE PROBLEM OF IONIZATION -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Formation of Planetesimals -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- NEBULAR STRUCTURE -- AERODYNAMICS OF THE SOLID BODIES IN THE NEBULA -- PROBLEMS WITH GRAVITATIONAL INSTABILITY -- PARTICLE GROWTH BY COAGULATION -- PROPERTIES OF FRACTAL AGGREGATES -- COAGULATION AND SETTLING OF FRACTAL AGGREGATES -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Formation of the Terrestrial Planets from Planetesimals -- ABSTRACT -- INRODUCTION -- FORMATION OF THE ORIGINAL PLANETESIMALS -- GROWTH OF PLANETESIMALS INTO PLANETARY EMBRYOS -- GROWTH OF RUNAWAY PLANETARY EMBRYOS INTO TERRESTRIAL PLANETS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- The Rate of Planet Formation and the Solar System's Small Bodies -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CONDITIONS OF ASTEROID FORMATION -- THE REMOVAL OF BODIES FROM THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE FORMATION OF THE COMETARY CLOUD -- REFERENCES -- Astrophysical Dust Grains in Stars, the Interstellar Medium, and the Solar System -- ABSTRACT -- THE CYCLING OF DUST IN STELLAR EVOLUTION AND THE FORMATION OF PLANETARY SYSTEMS -- ASTROPHYSICAL DUST GRAINS IN CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVIRONMENTS -- CIRCUMSTELLAR GRAIN FORMATION AND MASS LOSS -- INTERSTELLAR DUST GRAINS -- COMET DUST AND THE ZODIACAL CLOUD -- THE SURVIVAL OF DUST GRAINS DURING STELLAR EVOLUTION -- ESTABLISHING CONNECTIONS BETWEEN STARDUST AND DUST IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Late Stages of Accumulation and Early Evolution of the Planets -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- FORMATION OF THE PLANETARY SYSTEM.

STANDARD AND MK-DISK MODELS -- PLANETESIMAL MASS SPECTRUM N(M,T) AND MATTER REDISTRIBUTION -- RELATIVE VELOCITY SPECTRUM -- MASSES OF THE LARGEST BODIES IN A PLANETS FEEDING ZONE -- MASSES, RELATIVE DISTANCES, AND THE NUMBER OF PLANETS -- DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMING PLANETS -- COSMOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF EVOLUTION -- TIME SCALE FOR THE REMOVAL OF GAS FROM THE TERRESTRIAL PLANET ZONE -- ON THE COMPOSITION OF THE TERRESTRIAL PLANETS -- EARLY EVOLUTION OF THE PLANETS -- INITIAL EARTH TEMPERATURE AND ENERGY SOURCES -- HEAT MASS TRANSFER PROCESSES -- INITIAL COMPOSITION INHOMOGENEITIES -- "THERMAL EXPLOSIONS" IN PRIMORDIAL EARTH -- CHARACTERISTIC TIME SCALES FOR THE EARLY DIFFERENTIATION OF INTERIORS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Giant Planets and Their Satellites: What Are the Relationships Between Their Properties and How They Formed? -- ABSTRACT -- THE MASS DISTRIBUTION -- INTERIOR MODELS -- ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITIONS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS -- HEAT FLOWS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS -- SATELLITE SYSTEMS -- TEMPERATURES IN THE SOLAR NEBULA -- GIANT PLANET FORMATION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- The Thermal Conditions of Venus -- ABSTRACT -- MODIFIED APPROXIMATION OF PARAMETRIZED CONVECTION -- DESCRIPTION OF THE MODEL -- NUMERICAL RESULTS AND ASYMPOTOTIC SOLUTION OF THE MAPC EQUATIONS -- MAGNETISM AND THE THERMAL REGIME OF THE CORES OF EARTH AND VENUS -- THE THERMAL REGIME OF THE VENUSIAN CRUST -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Degassing -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- RESERVOIRS -- FLUXES -- CARBON DIOXIDE -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- The Role of Impacting Processes in the Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere of Primordial Earth -- ABSTRACT -- EARTH'S INITIAL ATMOSPHERE -- CONTINUOUS DEGASSING -- IMPACT PROCESSES AND THE EARTH'S PROTOATMOSPHERE -- THE EVOLUTION OF AN IMPACT-GENERATED ATMOSPHERE -- REFERENCES.

Lithospheric and Atmospheric Interaction on the Planet Venus -- ABSTRACT -- MANIFESTATION OF EXOGENIC PROCESSES USING PHOTOGEOLOGICAL DATA -- THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND A CHEMICAL MODEL OF THE TROPOSPHERE OF VENUS -- THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF SURFACE ROCK ON VENUS -- THE CYCLES OF VOLATILE COMPONENTS -- GENERAL CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Runaway Greenhouse Atmospheres: Applications to Earth and Venus -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- RUNAWAY GREENHOUSE ATMOSPHERES -- MOIST GREENHOUSE ATMOSPHERES -- LOSS OF WATER FROM VENUS -- STEAM ATMOSPHERES DURING ACCRETION -- THE CONTINUOUSLY HABITABLE ZONE -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- The Oort Cloud -- ABSTRACT -- THE OORT CLOUD'S MASS -- HILL'S CLOUD MASS -- ANGULAR MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTION IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM -- THE COMETARY CLOUD AROUND OTHER STARS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- The Chaotic Dynamics of Comets and the Problems of the Oort Cloud -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THE DYNAMIC CHAOS OF COMETS -- GENERAL COMETARY DYNAMICS AND THE INFLUENCE OF THE GALACTIC TIDE -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- Progress in Extra-Solar Planet Detection -- INTRODUCTION -- WHAT IS A PLANET? -- PLANET SIGNALS ARE WEAK -- DIRECT TECHNIQUES: IMAGING AND SPECTRAL DETECTION -- INDIRECT TECHNIQUES: REFLEX MOTION AND OCCULTATIONS -- SUMMARY -- PROSPECTIVE CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix I- List of Participants -- Appendix II- List of Presentations -- AMERICAN PRESENTATIONS -- SOVIET PRESENTATIONS.