PRIVATE LIVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES -- Copyright -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- STUDY GOALS AND SCOPE -- GUIDING PRINCIPLES -- DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY -- CONSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT -- INDIVIDUAL AUTONOMY -- KEY FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- STATUTORY PROTECTION AGAINST MANDATORY DISCLOSURE OF INDIVIDUALLY IDENTIFIABLE DATA -- BARRIERS TO DATA SHARING WITHIN GOVERNMENT -- ACCESS TO DATA BY NONGOVERNMENT USERS -- PRIVACY CONCERNS AND DECLINING COOPERATION IN SURVEYS -- STATISTICAL PROCEDURES TO PROTECT CONFIDENTIALITY -- CROSS-CUTTING RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Principles and Problems -- THE TENSION BETWEEN PRIVATE LIVES AND PUBLIC POLICIES -- STUDY GOALS AND SCOPE -- HOW DOES THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM FUNCTION? -- KEY DEFINITIONS -- DATA SUBJECTS AND DATA PROVIDERS -- INFORMATIONAL PRIVACY -- CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA PROTECTION -- INFORMED CONSENT AND NOTIFICATION -- DISCLOSURE -- ADMINISTRATIVE AND STATISTICAL DATA -- WHAT PRINCIPLES SHOULD GUIDE STATISTICAL AGENCIES? -- DEMOCRATIC ACCOUNTABILITY -- CONSTITUTIONAL EMPOWERMENT -- INDIVIDUAL AUTONOMY -- THE SPECIAL ROLE OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- DATA ACCESS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY -- PROBLEMS IN ENSURING CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS -- DO STATISTICAL AGENCIES HAVE ADEQUATE AUTHORITY TO PROTECT DATA? -- CAN COMMUNICATION WITH THE PUBLIC BE IMPROVED? -- ARE DATA PROVIDERS PROPERLY NOTIFIED OR INFORMED? -- ARE CURRENT CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS LAWS ADEQUATE AND APPROPRIATE? -- HOW CAN NONGOVERNMENT USERS BE GIVEN ACCESS TO DATA WHILE PRESERVING CONFIDENTIALITY? -- CAN INDIVIDUAL-LEVEL DATA BE PROVIDED FOR PUBLIC USE? -- CAN LEGITIMATE NEEDS FOR DATA SHARING WITHIN GOVERNMENT BE MET? -- STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT -- NOTES -- 2 The Framework of Study -- EVOLUTION OF THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM -- EARLIER STUDIES OF PRIVACY, CONFIDENTIALITY, AND DATA ACCESS.

AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION AD HOC COMMITTEE ON PRIVACY ANDCONFIDENTIALITY -- PRIVACY PROTECTION STUDY COMMISSION -- OFFICE OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL POLICY AND STANDARDS -- WHAT HAS CHANGED TO WARRANT A NEW STUDY? -- ADVANCES IN COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY -- OUTSIDE RESEARCHERS -- RECORD LINKAGE -- ORGANIZATIONS CONCERNED WITH CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESSIBILITY -- PERSUADING DATA PROVIDERS -- COGNITIVE RESEARCH -- NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN RESEARCH ON STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE LIMITATION -- RESPONSIBILITIES OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- RESPONSIBILITIES TO THE PUBLIC -- RESPONSIBILITIES TO DATA PROVIDERS AND DATA SUBJECTS -- RESPONSIBILITIES TO DATA USERS -- RESPONSIBILITIES TO OTHER STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- RESPONSIBILITIES TO CUSTODIANS OF ADMINISTRATIVE RECORDS -- NOTES -- 3 Data Subjects -- INTRODUCTION -- INFORMED CONSENT AND NOTIFICATION -- HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMED CONSENT AND NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES -- The Privacy Act of 1974 -- Professional Association Guidelines -- Matching Survey and Administrative Data -- Waivers -- CURRENT POLICIES AND PRACTICES -- MANDATORY DATA SETS: CONTROLLING INFORMATION ABOUT ONESELF -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- RESEARCH RELATED TO CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS -- CONTROLLED SURVEY EXPERIMENTS -- COGNITIVE RESEARCH -- PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- PUBLIC INFORMATION ACTIVITIES OF STATISTICAL AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS -- CURRENT PRACTICES -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- 4 Data Users -- BASIC CONCEPTS RELATED TO DATA ACCESS -- EXPECTATIONS OF DATA USERS -- BACKGROUND -- Increasing Demands for Access -- Meeting User Needs: Successes and Failures -- Factors that Affect Agency Decisions on Access -- User Influence on Agency Decisions -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Data Sharing Within Government -- Access to Data by Nongovernment Users.

LEGAL AND ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES OF DATA USERS -- BACKGROUND -- Legal Responsibilities of Users -- Ethical Responsibilities of Users -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 5 Legislation -- GENERAL REGULATION OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AND RESEARCH RECORDS -- THE PRIVACY ACT -- FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT -- AGENCY-SPECIFIC LEGISLATION -- BUREAU OF THE CENSUS -- NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS -- NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS -- INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE -- AGENCIES LACKING EXPLICIT STATUTORY PROTECTION OF ESTABLISHMENT DATA -- NEW STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- 6 Technical and Administrative Procedures -- INTRODUCTION -- RESTRICTED DATA: STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES FOR PROTECTING CONFIDENTIALITY -- DISCLOSURE RISK AND STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE LIMITATION TECHNIQUES -- SELECTED STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE LIMITATION PRACTICES OF FEDERAL STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- Procedures Used for Tables -- Procedures for Microdata Files -- THE IMPACT OF IMPROVED COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY -- RECENT RESEARCH ON DISCLOSURE LIMITATION -- Systematic Frameworks -- Papers Commissioned by the Panel -- Shielding Organizational Data -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- RESTRICTED ACCESS: ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES TO PROTECT CONFIDENTIALITY -- INTERAGENCY DATA SHARING -- Examples of Interagency Data Sharing -- Discussion -- EXTERNAL DATA USERS -- Examples of Restricted Access by External Data Users -- Examples of Failure to Gain Access -- Discussion -- ARCHIVING FEDERAL STATISTICAL DATA SETS -- RESTRICTED ACCESS: FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- 7 Statistical Data on Organizations -- INTRODUCTION -- TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONS -- DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DATA ON PERSONS AND DATA ON ORGANIZATIONS -- Legislation -- Other Differences -- CONTENT OF CHAPTER.

THE ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION VS. THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE: A FURTHER EROSION OF FUNCTIONAL SEPARATION -- BACKGROUND -- DISCUSSION -- Is EIA a Statistical Agency? -- Did EIA Mislead Respondents? -- Is the EIA's Problem Unique? -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- INABILITY TO SHARE BUSINESS LISTS: AN EMBARRASSMENT TO THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM -- BACKGROUND -- PRACTICES IN OTHER COUNTRIES -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- WAIVERS: WHOSE INFORMATION IS IT? -- BACKGROUND -- EXAMPLES -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- USER ACCESS: GETTING A BETTER RETURN ON INVESTMENTS IN ECONOMIC STATISTICS -- BACKGROUND -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 8 Managing Confidentiality and Data Access Functions -- MANAGEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS QUESTIONS IN THE FEDERAL STATISTICAL SYSTEM -- WITHIN STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- ACROSS STATISTICAL AGENCIES -- THE INFLUENCE OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES -- ALTERNATIVE MODELS FOR MANAGING CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS QUESTIONS: A LOOK AT OTHER COUNTRIES -- U.S. PROPOSALS FOR AN INDEPENDENT PRIVACY PROTECTION BOARD -- FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- AGENCY STAFFING AND MANAGEMENT OF CONFIDENTIALITY AND DATA ACCESS FUNCTIONS -- INTERAGENCY COORDINATION -- DATA PROTECTION BOARD -- Recommendations -- CHAPTER 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- CHAPTER 5 -- CHAPTER 6 -- CHAPTER 7 -- CHAPTER 8 -- References -- Appendix A Study Procedures -- PANEL ORGANIZATION AND ACTIVITIES -- CASE STUDIES -- LONGITUDINAL RETIREMENT HISTORY WORKSHOP -- WORKSHOP ON CONFIDENTIALITY OF AND ACCESS TO DOCTORATE RECORDS -- WORKSHOP ON CONFIDENTIALITY OF AND ACCESS TO NATIONAL CENTER FOR EDUCATION STATISTICS DATA -- INFORMATION GATHERING -- REQUEST FOR DOCUMENTATION -- INVITATION FOR COMMENTS -- CONFERENCE ON DISCLOSURE LIMITATION APPROACHES AND DATA ACCESS -- COMMISSIONED PAPERS -- Attachment 1 -- I. -- II. -- Attachment 2.

Appendix B Biographical Sketches -- Index.