Improving Energy Demand Analysis -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Formal Modeling and Problem-Oriented Research -- UNDERSTANDING THE DEMAND FOR ENERGY -- ABOUT THIS BOOK -- FORMAL MODELS OF ENERGY DEMAND -- Types of Models -- Problems with Formal Demand Models -- The Place of Behavioral Variables in Formal Demand Models -- PROBLEM-ORIENTED ANALYSES OF ENERGY POLICY ISSUES -- Methods of Problem-Oriented Analysis -- Surveys -- Analysis of Existing Data -- Natural Experiments -- Controlled Experiments -- Evaluation Research -- The Strengths and Weaknesses of Problem-Oriented Research -- CONCLUSIONS -- 2 The Effects of Price on Demand -- DO CONSUMERS REACT TO AVERAGE OR MARGINAL PRICES? -- DO CONSUMERS REACT TO REAL OR NOMINAL PRICES? -- DO CONSUMERS REACT TO PRICE LEVELS OR PRICE CHANGES? -- IS THERE A THRESHOLD FOR THE RESPONSE TO PRICE? -- DO PRICE INCREASES AND DECREASES PRODUCE DIFFERENT RESPONSES? -- CONCLUSIONS -- 3 The Effects of Financial Incentives on Energy-Efficient Investments in Residential Buildings -- HOW DOES THE SIZE OF AN INCENTIVE AFFECT CONSUMERS' RESPONSES? -- Incentives as Attention-Getting Devices -- Incentives as an Impetus to Speed Changes Already Planned -- HOW DOES THE TYPE OF INCENTIVE AFFECT CONSUMERS' RESPONSES? -- HOW DO CONSUMERS RESPOND TO NONFINANCIAL FEATURES OF INCENTIVE PROGRAMS? -- CONCLUSIONS -- 4 The Effects of Information on Energy-Efficient Investment -- HOW COMPLETE IS CONSUMERS' INFORMATION? -- Treatment of Information in Formal Models -- Knowledge About Information From Problem-Oriented Research -- Improving Consumers' Information -- HOW DOES INFORMATION AFFECT BEHAVIOR? -- Rational Action Based on Imperfect Information -- Diffusion of Innovation -- CONCLUSIONS -- 5 Behavioral Study of Appliance Efficiency Decisions -- ISSUES AND LIMITATIONS OF CURRENT ANALYSIS.

Analytic Representation of Appliances -- Analytic Representation of Energy Price Expectations -- Determinants of Appliance Use -- Consumers' Decision Processes -- THE IDEAL DATA FOR BEHAVIORAL STUDY OF APPLIANCE CHOICES -- PRACTICAL ALTERNATIVES FOR DATA COLLECTION -- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations -- THE ROLE OF FORMAL MODELS -- THE ROLE OF PROBLEM-ORIENTED RESEARCH -- Surveys -- Analysis of Existing Data -- Natural Experiments -- Controlled Experiments -- Evaluation Research -- THE ROLE OF DATA COLLECTION -- USING VARIOUS RESEARCH METHODS IN CONCERT -- References -- Appendix A Incorporating Data from Problem-Centered Research on Incentives and Information in Formal Demand Models -- Appendix B Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff.