PAY NOW OR PAY LATER: CONTROLLING COST OF OWNERSHIP FROM DESIGN THROUGHOUT THE SERVICE LIFE OF PUBLIC… -- Copyright -- PREFACE -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- Contents -- 1 INTRODUCTION -- 2 LIFE-CYCLE COST AND ITS CONTROL -- WHY CONSIDER LIFE-CYCLE COST? -- IMPORTANT ASSUMPTIONS -- LIFE-CYCLE COST MANAGEMENT -- RELATIONSHIP OF PLANNING AND DESIGN CRITERIA AND LIFE-CYCLE COST -- REFERENCES -- 3 OBSTACLES TO LIFE-CYCLE COST CONTROL -- DATA AND PROCEDURAL OBSTACLES -- INSTITUTIONAL OBSTACLES -- MANAGEMENT OBSTACLES -- REFERENCES -- 4 GOVERNMENT FACILITIES AND LIFE-CYCLE COSTS -- GOVERNMENT POLICIES RECOGNIZING LIFE-CYCLE COST AND ANALYSIS -- GOVERNMENT POLICIES CONFLICTING WITH LIFE-CYCLE COST CONTROL -- IMPROVING THE LIKELIHOOD OF SUCCESS: THE CASE OF HIGHWAY PAVEMENT AND BRIDGE MANAGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- 5 CONTROLLING LIFE-CYCLE COSTS OF OWNERSHIP -- USING GUIDE CRITERIA TO ACHIEVE LIFE-CYCLE COST CONTROL -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR BROADER ACTION -- Life-Cycle Cost Management as a Basic Policy -- Explicit Design Alternatives -- Value Engineering for Life-Cycle Cost -- Life-Cycle Management Manuals -- Education and Training -- Life-Cycle Cost Management Systems -- High-Level Accountability -- CONCLUSION: THE PAYOFFS -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX A GLOSSARY -- APPENDIX B BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF COMMITTEE MEMBERS AND STAFF -- STAFF -- APPENDIX C OVERVIEW OF LIFE-CYCLE COST ANALYSIS PROCEDURE -- THE BASIC PREMISE -- UNDERLYING ASSUMPTIONS -- THE ANALYSIS PROCESS -- APPLICATIONS -- REFERENCE -- APPENDIX D ISSUES ADDRESSED BY A BUILDING LIFE-CYCLE COST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM -- LEGISLATIVE LEVEL -- ADMINISTRATIVE LEVEL -- TECHNICAL LEVEL.