GOALS Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System for Predicting Seasonal-to-Interannual Climate -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- ENSO AND ITS IMPORTANCE -- TOGA -- 2 The GOALS Program and Its Scientific Objectives -- THE RATIONALE FOR GOALS -- SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES -- SCIENCE QUESTIONS -- 3 Large-Scale Interactions Among the Upper Ocean, Atmosphere, and Land -- SPATIAL VARIABILITY -- Tropics -- Tropical-Extratropical Interactions -- The Extratropics -- TEMPORAL VARIABILITY -- Subseasonal Variability -- The Annual Cycle -- Interannual Variability -- Decadal Variability -- 4 Elements and Growth of the Program -- ELEMENTS OF THE PROGRAM -- PROGRAM GROWTH -- MODELING -- Atmosphere-Ocean Coupling -- Atmosphere-Land Coupling -- Experimental Prediction -- OBSERVATIONS -- Observations Over and In the Ocean -- Observations Over Land -- Satellite Observations Over Land and Ocean -- Expansions and Extensions -- EMPIRICAL STUDIES -- PROCESS STUDIES -- CONSORTIA AND PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR GROUPS -- 5 Data Management -- PRINCIPLES AND OBJECTIVES -- DATA CENTERS -- 6 Relationship of GOALS to Other Programs -- COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS -- Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) and Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) -- Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) -- World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) -- Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) -- Atlantic Climate Change Program (ACCP) -- Other Programs -- 7 GOALS Program Management -- Appendices -- A Present Status of Short-Term Climate Prediction -- B The 1993 GOALS Study Conference -- C Acronyms and Other Initials -- References.