A PLAN FOR A RESEARCH PROGRAM ON Aerosol Radiative Forcing and Climate Change -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- CHARGE TO THE PANEL -- FINDINGS -- MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS -- TECHNICAL RECOMMENDATIONS -- SCIENCE DEVELOPMENT -- Global Climate Model Development -- Process Research -- Field Studies and Continuous In Situ Measurements -- Satellite Observations -- TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT -- Non-Satellite Technology Development -- Satellite Technology Development -- SYSTEM INTEGRATION AND ASSESSMENT -- 1 Climate Forcing by Aerosols -- ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS -- AEROSOL RADIATIVE FORCING OF CLIMATE -- EVIDENCE FOR RADIATIVE FORCING BY ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOLS -- Direct Forcing -- Indirect Forcing -- EVIDENCE FOR CLIMATE RESPONSE TO ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOL FORCING -- RADIATIVE FORCING OF CLIMATE BY STRATOSPHERIC AEROSOLS -- Evidence for Climate Response to Stratospheric Aerosol Perturbation -- Inferences from Stratospheric Aerosol Research -- CLIMATE FORCING BY KEY TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOL TYPES -- CONCLUSIONS -- 2 Elements of a Research Program for Aerosol Forcing of Climate -- GLOBAL CLIMATE MODELS -- Atmospheric General Circulation Models -- Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models -- Recommended Research on Global Climate Modeling of Aerosol Radiative Forcing -- PROCESS RESEARCH -- Optical Properties -- Recommended Process Research on Aerosol and Cloud Optical Properties -- Aerosol Dynamics -- Recommended Process Research on Aerosol Dynamics -- Aerosol Sinks -- Recommended Process Research on Aerosol Sinks -- Aerosols and Ice Formation in Clouds -- Recommended Process Research on Aerosols and Ice Formation in Clouds -- Aerosol Process Models -- Recommended Process Research on Aerosol Models -- FIELD STUDIES -- Closure Experiments -- Multiplatform Field Campaigns -- Recommended Field Studies.

SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS AND CONTINUOUS IN SITU MONITORING -- Satellite Remote Sensing of Aerosols -- In Situ Monitoring of Aerosols -- Recommended Surface-Based Monitoring Programs -- Mobile Platforms -- Recommended Mobile Monitoring Programs -- RECOMMENDED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENTS -- SUMMARY OF A RESEARCH PROGRAM ON AEROSOL FORCING OF CLIMATE -- 3 Sensitivity/Uncertainty Analysis and the Setting of Priorities -- INTEGRATION VIA SENSITIVITY/UNCERTAINTY ANALYSES -- AN EXAMPLE OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: DIRECT RADIATIVE FORCING -- FRAMEWORKS FOR RESEARCH AND FUNDING PRIORITIES -- AN EXAMPLE OF SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY ANALYSES -- SUMMARY -- 4 The Proposed ICARUS Program and Recommended Research -- THE ICARUS STRATEGY -- Action 1: Establish Leadership -- Empower an Interagency Climate-Aerosol Radiative Uncertainties and S ... -- Action 2: Establish Research Priorities -- Mobilize ICARUS by Developing Method to Define Research Priorities -- Action 3: Maintain Effective Leadership -- Maintain ICARUS's Momentum by Applying Steadily Improving S ... -- ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE ICARUS PROGRAM -- RESEARCH PROGRAM -- Global Climate Model Development -- Project 1. Sensitivity and Uncertainty of Aerosol Forcing in Global Climate Models -- Project 2. Development of Global-Scale Aerosol Radiative Forcing Models -- Process Research -- Project 1. Aerosol Formation and Growth by Nucleation and Gas-to-Particle Conversion -- Project 2. Aerosol and Cloud Optical Properties -- Project 3. The Aerosol-CCN-CDNC-Cloud Albedo Linkage -- Project 4. Aerosol Sinks -- Multiplatform Field Campaigns -- Project 1. Multiplatform Field Campaign -- Project 2. Mobile Platforms -- Project 3. Surface-Based Stations for Continuous Monitoring of Aerosols -- Satellite System Development -- Recommended Satellite Observations -- Non-Satellite Technology Development.

Project 1. Development of Advanced Aerosol Optical Instrumentation -- Project 2. Development of a Compact CCN Spectrometer for Aircraft Use -- Project 3. Development of Rapid, Lightweight Samplers for In Situ Chemical Analysis of Atmospheric Aerosols -- Satellite Technology Development -- Project 1. Satellite Development -- System Integration and Assessment -- Project 1. Coordination -- Project 2. Integration and Assessment -- Project 3. Integration of U.S. Research on Aerosol Forcing of Climate -- References -- A Illustrations of Recommended Research, Emphasizing Recent Literature -- B Acronyms and Other Initials.