Front Matter -- Preface -- Acknowledgment of Reviewers -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 The Navy and PTTI -- 2 State of the Art of PTTI Physics and Devices -- 3 State of PTTI Research and Infrastructure -- 4 Research Opportunities in PTTI -- 5 Defense Needs for PTTI -- 6 Findings and Recommendations -- A Committee Biographies -- B Tutorial on PTTI Frequency Standards -- C Acronyms and Abbreviations -- D Glossary.